基于DSP的汽車空調(diào)中無(wú)刷直流電機(jī)控制系統(tǒng)研究
本文選題:無(wú)刷直流電機(jī) + DSP; 參考:《武漢工程大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文
【摘要】:汽車空調(diào)是汽車系統(tǒng)中一個(gè)重要的輔助裝置,隨著汽車工業(yè)向綠色環(huán)保、高效節(jié)能的趨勢(shì)發(fā)展,傳統(tǒng)的以有刷直流電機(jī)或異步電機(jī)為驅(qū)動(dòng)的汽車空調(diào)系統(tǒng)將無(wú)法滿足工業(yè)發(fā)展需求。無(wú)刷直流電機(jī)是一種利用電子換相的直流電機(jī),它不僅保留了有刷直流電機(jī)良好的調(diào)速性能,同時(shí)還具有無(wú)換向火花、體積小、噪聲低、效率高等優(yōu)點(diǎn),因而使得無(wú)刷直流電機(jī)在汽車空調(diào)系統(tǒng)中有廣闊的應(yīng)用前景。無(wú)刷直流電機(jī)的控制一般是通過(guò)位置傳感器來(lái)獲得電機(jī)的換相信號(hào),而在汽車空調(diào)系統(tǒng)這種噪聲大、震動(dòng)大的惡劣環(huán)境中,位置傳感器的使用就受到了限制,因此需要采用無(wú)位置傳感器技術(shù)。基于此,本文研究了一種無(wú)位置傳感器無(wú)刷直流電機(jī)控制系統(tǒng),用于汽車空調(diào)系統(tǒng)的電機(jī)驅(qū)動(dòng)。 本文首先介紹了無(wú)刷直流電機(jī)的定義和基本結(jié)構(gòu),以三相星形無(wú)刷直流電機(jī)為例分析了其工作原理和驅(qū)動(dòng)方法,重點(diǎn)研究了無(wú)刷直流電機(jī)無(wú)位置傳感器技術(shù)中的反電動(dòng)勢(shì)過(guò)零點(diǎn)檢測(cè)法以及無(wú)刷直流電機(jī)的啟動(dòng)方案,介紹了無(wú)刷直流電機(jī)PWM控制策略,并提出了系統(tǒng)采用雙閉環(huán)PI控制的必要性和可行性。 然后本文以系統(tǒng)預(yù)期需要達(dá)到的性能指標(biāo)為基礎(chǔ),采用TMS320LF2407A為控制器設(shè)計(jì)了系統(tǒng)的硬件電路,,詳細(xì)闡述了電源模塊、DSP最小系統(tǒng)模塊、電機(jī)驅(qū)動(dòng)模塊、反電動(dòng)勢(shì)過(guò)零點(diǎn)信號(hào)檢測(cè)模塊和電流采樣模塊等硬件電路設(shè)計(jì)方法,給出了無(wú)刷直流電機(jī)控制系統(tǒng)的模塊化程序設(shè)計(jì)思路和流程圖。 最后,對(duì)本文研制的無(wú)位置傳感器無(wú)刷直流電機(jī)控制系統(tǒng)樣機(jī)進(jìn)行了性能測(cè)試和實(shí)驗(yàn)研究,實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明本文的設(shè)計(jì)方案是有效可行的,具有一定的工程實(shí)際意義。
[Abstract]:Automobile air conditioning is an important auxiliary device in automobile system. With the development of automobile industry towards green environment protection, high efficiency and energy saving, The traditional automobile air-conditioning system driven by brushless DC motor or asynchronous motor will not meet the needs of industrial development. Brushless DC motor is a kind of DC motor which uses electronic commutation. It not only retains the good speed regulation performance of brushless DC motor, but also has the advantages of no commutation spark, small volume, low noise, high efficiency and so on. Therefore, brushless DC motor has a broad application prospect in automobile air-conditioning system. The control of brushless DC motor is to obtain the replacement number of the motor through the position sensor. However, the use of the position sensor is restricted in this kind of bad environment where the noise and vibration of the automobile air conditioning system is large. Therefore, it is necessary to adopt position sensorless technology. Based on this, a sensorless brushless DC motor control system is studied in this paper. This paper first introduces the definition and basic structure of brushless DC motor. Taking three-phase star brushless DC motor as an example, the working principle and driving method of brushless DC motor are analyzed. In this paper, the zero-crossing detection method of backEMF and the starting scheme of brushless DC motor are studied, and the PWM control strategy of brushless DC motor is introduced. The necessity and feasibility of adopting double closed loop Pi control are put forward. Then, based on the expected performance index of the system, the hardware circuit of the system is designed by using TMS320LF2407A as the controller, and the minimum system module and motor driving module of the power supply module are described in detail. The design method of hardware circuit such as zero crossing signal detection module and current sampling module of BEMF is presented. The modular program design and flow chart of brushless DC motor control system are given. Finally, the performance test and experimental research of the sensorless brushless DC motor control system developed in this paper are carried out. The experimental results show that the design of this paper is effective and feasible, and has certain engineering practical significance.
【學(xué)位授予單位】:武漢工程大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】:碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】:2014
【分類號(hào)】:TM33
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