發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-05-03 01:08

  本文選題：熱電轉(zhuǎn)換 + 蒸汽機(jī)　； 參考：《電子科技大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：太陽(yáng)能是清潔的可再生能源,它的利用對(duì)社會(huì)的進(jìn)步與發(fā)展有著重要的意義。太陽(yáng)能蒸汽發(fā)電機(jī)具有造價(jià)經(jīng)濟(jì)、高吸熱量、清潔等一系列優(yōu)點(diǎn),因此蒸汽發(fā)電機(jī)是重要可行的熱電轉(zhuǎn)換方法。但傳統(tǒng)的蒸汽發(fā)電機(jī)熱電轉(zhuǎn)換效率較低,影響了熱能的利用。由于強(qiáng)制循環(huán)蒸發(fā)系統(tǒng)蒸發(fā)效率高,因此脈沖式微型蒸汽發(fā)電技術(shù)在實(shí)際應(yīng)用是高效可行的熱電轉(zhuǎn)換方式。本文介紹了基于強(qiáng)制循環(huán)的脈沖式微型蒸汽發(fā)電技術(shù),利用強(qiáng)制循環(huán)進(jìn)行了熱電轉(zhuǎn)換實(shí)驗(yàn)研究。系統(tǒng)主要包括了蒸汽發(fā)生器、定量強(qiáng)制注水系統(tǒng)、渦輪發(fā)電機(jī)、強(qiáng)制控制系統(tǒng)和密封系統(tǒng)。首先,對(duì)脈沖式工作微型蒸汽發(fā)電機(jī)的原理進(jìn)行了研究。主要研究了脈沖式工作微型蒸汽發(fā)電機(jī)的循環(huán)原理,并研究了改變初始條件對(duì)蒸汽發(fā)電機(jī)的效率影響。對(duì)脈沖式蒸汽發(fā)電機(jī)和沉浸式蒸汽發(fā)電機(jī)進(jìn)行對(duì)比,得出脈沖式工作蒸汽發(fā)電機(jī)比沉浸式蒸汽發(fā)電機(jī)有更高的熱電轉(zhuǎn)換效率。并對(duì)脈沖式蒸汽發(fā)電機(jī)的性能進(jìn)行了計(jì)算。同時(shí)對(duì)蒸汽發(fā)生器的設(shè)計(jì)原理和渦輪的設(shè)計(jì)原理進(jìn)行了研究。其次,研發(fā)了一套基于強(qiáng)制循環(huán)原理的脈沖式工作的微型蒸汽發(fā)電機(jī)并搭建了相應(yīng)的實(shí)驗(yàn)控制系統(tǒng)和效率測(cè)試系統(tǒng)。包括蒸汽發(fā)生器的設(shè)計(jì)和加工、定量強(qiáng)制注水系統(tǒng)的搭建與測(cè)試、渦輪的設(shè)計(jì)與加工、強(qiáng)制控制系統(tǒng)的搭建和密封系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)。最后,開(kāi)展了蒸汽勢(shì)能轉(zhuǎn)換效率和熱電轉(zhuǎn)換效率的實(shí)驗(yàn)研究。實(shí)驗(yàn)測(cè)試了水量、加熱功率、啟動(dòng)溫度和氣壓對(duì)蒸汽發(fā)電機(jī)的效率影響。結(jié)合實(shí)驗(yàn),考慮本文蒸汽發(fā)電機(jī)的具體參數(shù)設(shè)計(jì)和實(shí)驗(yàn)室測(cè)試條件,最終確定了本文研制的脈沖式微型蒸汽發(fā)電機(jī)在實(shí)驗(yàn)室條件下最佳運(yùn)行參數(shù)為3k W的加熱功率,50mL的注水量和200℃的啟動(dòng)溫度。在該參數(shù)下蒸汽發(fā)電機(jī)的勢(shì)能轉(zhuǎn)換效率為45%,平均發(fā)電效率為13.3%。實(shí)驗(yàn)表明:基于強(qiáng)制循環(huán)的脈沖式微型蒸汽系統(tǒng)實(shí)現(xiàn)了熱電轉(zhuǎn)換,為小型太陽(yáng)能光熱發(fā)電開(kāi)辟了一種可行的途徑。
[Abstract]:Solar energy is a clean renewable energy, its utilization is of great significance to the progress and development of society. Solar steam generator has a series of advantages, such as cost economy, high heat absorption, cleaning and so on, so steam generator is an important and feasible method of thermoelectric conversion. However, the traditional steam generator thermoelectric conversion efficiency is low, which affects the utilization of heat energy. Because the evaporation efficiency of forced circulation evaporation system is high, pulse micro steam power generation technology is an efficient and feasible way of thermoelectric conversion in practice. In this paper, the pulse micro steam power generation technology based on forced cycle is introduced, and the experimental study of thermoelectric conversion is carried out by using the forced cycle. The system mainly includes steam generator, quantitative forced water injection system, turbine generator, forced control system and sealing system. Firstly, the principle of pulse working miniature steam generator is studied. The circulation principle of pulse working miniature steam generator is studied, and the effect of changing initial conditions on the efficiency of steam generator is studied. By comparing pulse steam generator with immersion steam generator, it is concluded that pulse working steam generator has higher thermoelectric conversion efficiency than immersion steam generator. The performance of pulse steam generator is calculated. At the same time, the design principle of steam generator and turbine are studied. Secondly, a miniature steam generator based on the forced cycle principle is developed, and the corresponding experimental control system and efficiency testing system are built. It includes the design and processing of steam generator, the construction and test of quantitative forced water injection system, the design and processing of turbine, the construction of forced control system and the design of sealing system. Finally, the experimental study of steam potential energy conversion efficiency and thermoelectric conversion efficiency is carried out. The effects of water quantity, heating power, starting temperature and air pressure on the efficiency of steam generator were tested. Combined with the experiment, the parameters design and laboratory test conditions of the steam generator in this paper are considered. Finally, the optimal operating parameters of the pulse miniature steam generator developed in this paper are 3 kW heating power of 50 mL water injection and 200 鈩，

本文編號(hào)：1836285