本文選題：逆變型微電網(wǎng) + 電能質(zhì)量�。� 參考：《山東大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：大電網(wǎng)與微電網(wǎng)相結(jié)合的模式被認(rèn)為是節(jié)省投資,降低能耗,提高供電可靠性和靈活性的重要形式。微電網(wǎng)中的分布式電源(Distributed Generation)可以分為同步型DG和逆變型DG,與同步型DG相比,逆變型DG采用全控的電力電子接口,控制更加靈活,具有巨大的性能優(yōu)勢(shì)。逆變型微電網(wǎng)可以綜合利用本地優(yōu)勢(shì)資源,向用戶(hù)提供清潔的能源,但傳統(tǒng)大電網(wǎng)中的許多電能質(zhì)量問(wèn)題如諧波和電壓暫降等仍然存在,傳統(tǒng)的治理方法是加裝APF、DVR等電能質(zhì)量控制裝置進(jìn)行被動(dòng)控制�？紤]到逆變型DG并網(wǎng)逆變器與傳統(tǒng)的電能質(zhì)量控制裝置具有相同的主電路結(jié)構(gòu),因此,可以利用逆變型DG在并網(wǎng)發(fā)電的同時(shí)對(duì)電能質(zhì)量進(jìn)行主動(dòng)控制,這樣充分發(fā)揮了逆變型DG控制靈活的特點(diǎn)。首先,針對(duì)逆變型微電源的基本控制方法進(jìn)行了研究。在逆變型微電網(wǎng)中,對(duì)微電源的控制即為對(duì)其逆變器的控制。本文以三相電壓型逆變器在兩相旋轉(zhuǎn)坐標(biāo)系中的數(shù)學(xué)模型為基礎(chǔ),詳細(xì)分析了逆變型微電源的PQ控制和下垂控制方法的原理,并對(duì)相應(yīng)的控制器參數(shù)進(jìn)行了選擇；此外,還針對(duì)下垂控制的電壓電流雙閉環(huán)控制系統(tǒng)推導(dǎo)了其逆變器等效輸出阻抗的表達(dá)式,并繪制逆變器等效輸出阻抗伯德圖。當(dāng)微電網(wǎng)與低壓配電網(wǎng)相連時(shí),傳統(tǒng)的下垂控制由于等效輸出阻抗過(guò)小不能滿(mǎn)足XR而不在適用,通過(guò)引入虛擬阻抗,使逆變器等效輸出阻抗足夠大且呈感性。建立逆變型微電網(wǎng)仿真模型,針對(duì)單個(gè)逆變型微電源和微電源組網(wǎng)狀態(tài)下的運(yùn)行情況進(jìn)行了仿真,驗(yàn)證了PQ控制模型和基于虛擬阻抗的下垂控制模型的有效性。其次,針對(duì)微電網(wǎng)中的諧波治理問(wèn)題進(jìn)行了研究。分析了傳統(tǒng)的諧波治理裝置APF的結(jié)構(gòu)、原理和電流跟蹤控制方法；分析了二階廣義積分器的基本原理,并將基于二階廣義積分器的諧波電流檢測(cè)方法應(yīng)用于并網(wǎng)逆變器控制之中,搭建了逆變型微電網(wǎng)諧波治理的主動(dòng)控制模型,通過(guò)仿真驗(yàn)證了主動(dòng)控制在微電網(wǎng)諧波治理方面能夠起到一定的作用,并且主動(dòng)控制的并網(wǎng)逆變器能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)無(wú)功功率的就地平衡以及改善微網(wǎng)電流不平衡的功能。當(dāng)微電網(wǎng)輸出電流在主動(dòng)控制下仍不能滿(mǎn)足諧波標(biāo)準(zhǔn)時(shí),加裝APF對(duì)微電網(wǎng)諧波進(jìn)行被動(dòng)控制。最后,針對(duì)逆變型微電網(wǎng)中的電壓暫降補(bǔ)償問(wèn)題進(jìn)行了研究。分析了傳統(tǒng)的電壓暫降補(bǔ)償裝置DVR的結(jié)構(gòu)原理及控制方式；分析了含多臺(tái)逆變型DG的微電網(wǎng)PCC電壓暫降補(bǔ)償?shù)幕驹砑霸跓o(wú)功功率分配方面的限制。通過(guò)對(duì)下垂控制中Q/V控制進(jìn)行改進(jìn)實(shí)現(xiàn)了電壓暫降補(bǔ)償?shù)闹鲃?dòng)控制,同時(shí)實(shí)現(xiàn)了輸出無(wú)功功率按容量比例進(jìn)行分配而不受線(xiàn)路阻抗的影響。搭建了逆變型微電網(wǎng)電壓暫降補(bǔ)償主動(dòng)控制的仿真模型,仿真結(jié)果表明在主動(dòng)控制方式下,微電源能夠在并網(wǎng)發(fā)電的同時(shí)對(duì)PCC電壓暫降進(jìn)行補(bǔ)償。當(dāng)PCC電壓暫降超過(guò)一定程度,過(guò)分增加DG輸出無(wú)功功率既不經(jīng)濟(jì)也不實(shí)用,通過(guò)控制DG輸出電壓,同時(shí)加裝DVR對(duì)微電網(wǎng)敏感負(fù)荷電壓暫降進(jìn)行被動(dòng)控制,仿真表明通過(guò)主動(dòng)控制與被動(dòng)控制相結(jié)合的方式能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)微電網(wǎng)負(fù)荷電壓不受電壓暫降的影響。
[Abstract]:The combination of large power grid and Microgrid is considered as an important form of saving investment, reducing energy consumption and improving power supply reliability and flexibility. The distributed power supply (Distributed Generation) in microgrid can be divided into synchronous DG and inverter type DG. Compared with synchronous DG, the reverse variant DG uses a fully controlled power electronic interface, and the control is more flexible. The inverter type micro grid can make use of local advantages and provide clean energy to users. However, many power quality problems in traditional large power grid, such as harmonic and voltage temporary degradation, are still existing, the traditional method is to install APF, DVR and other power quality control devices for passive control. The inverter type DG grid inverter and the traditional power quality control device have the same main circuit structure. Therefore, the inverter type DG can take active control of the power quality at the same time when the inverter is connected to the grid, which fully plays the flexible characteristics of the inverter DG control. First, the basic control method of the inverter type micro power supply is studied. In the inverter type microgrid, the control of the micro power supply is the control of the inverter. Based on the mathematical model of the three-phase voltage inverter in the two phase rotating coordinate system, the principle of the PQ control and the droop control method of the inverter micro power supply is analyzed in detail, and the corresponding controller parameters are selected. In addition, the controller is also selected. The expression of the equivalent output impedance of the inverter is derived for the voltage and current double closed loop control system with droop control, and the equivalent output impedance Bode diagram of the inverter is drawn. When the micro grid is connected with the low-voltage distribution network, the traditional droop control is not suitable for XR because the equivalent output impedance is too small, and the virtual impedance is introduced. The equivalent output impedance of the inverter is large enough and sensibility. The simulation model of the inverter type microgrid is set up. The simulation of the operation of the single inverter and the micro power supply is carried out. The validity of the PQ control model and the droop control model based on the virtual impedance is verified. Secondly, the harmonic governance in the microgrid is asked. The structure, the principle and the current tracking control method of the traditional harmonic control device APF are analyzed, the basic principle of the Nikai Hiroyoshi integrator is analyzed, and the harmonic current detection method based on the Nikai Hiroyoshi integrator is applied to the control of the grid connected inverter, and the active control of the harmonic control of the inverter type microgrid is built. The simulation shows that the active control plays a certain role in the harmonic control of the microgrid, and the active control of the grid connected inverter can achieve the in-situ balance of reactive power and the function of improving the imbalance of the microgrid current. When the output current of the microgrid can not meet the harmonics standard under the main dynamic control, the A is added. PF has passive control on the harmonics of microgrid. Finally, the problem of voltage sags compensation in the inverter type microgrid is studied. The structure principle and control mode of the traditional voltage sags compensation device DVR are analyzed. The basic principle of the voltage sags compensation of the microgrid PCC containing multiple inverter DG and the reactive power formula are analyzed. The active control of the voltage sags compensation is realized by improving the Q/V control in the droop control. At the same time, the output reactive power is allocated according to the capacity ratio without the influence of the line impedance. A simulation model for the active control of the inverter type voltage sags compensation is built, and the simulation results show that the active control is in the active control. In the way, the micro power supply can compensate the voltage sags of the PCC at the same time. When the PCC voltage sag exceeds a certain degree, it is neither economical nor practical to increase the DG output reactive power too much. By controlling the output voltage of the DG and adding DVR to the micro grid sensitive load voltage sags, the simulation shows that the active control is carried out through the active control. The load voltage of microgrid can not be affected by voltage sag by combining the system with passive control.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TM714.2;TM464

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本文編號(hào)：1811205