本文選題：電力系統(tǒng)穩(wěn)定器(PSS) + 相位補償��； 參考：《華北電力大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著電力系統(tǒng)規(guī)模不斷擴大,低頻振蕩問題日益突出。電力系統(tǒng)穩(wěn)定器(Power system stabilizer, PSS)作為有效抑制低頻振蕩的重要措施,在電力系統(tǒng)中廣為應(yīng)用。PSS參數(shù)選取的是否恰當(dāng),對其效果有很關(guān)鍵的影響。本文重點研究了PSS參數(shù)的設(shè)計方法。 PSS的傳統(tǒng)理論是負(fù)阻尼機理,以Philips-Heffron模型為基礎(chǔ),通過為系統(tǒng)增加阻尼提高系統(tǒng)穩(wěn)定性。理論上,相位滯后角度可通過計算從PSS輸入點到暫態(tài)電勢間傳遞函數(shù)的相位差來確定,實際常用發(fā)電機機端電壓來代替暫態(tài)電勢。這能否保證其在各種工況和振蕩模式下相位補償?shù)臏?zhǔn)確度是值得討論的。本文推導(dǎo)了機端電壓和暫態(tài)電勢間傳遞函數(shù),并從以下幾方面影響因素進行了討論：參考電壓擾動、狀態(tài)變量初始值和機械功率擾動,有助于解決現(xiàn)階段PSS運行存在的問題。 有功型PSS結(jié)構(gòu)簡單,能較好抑制低頻振蕩,但其使用需滿足機械功率變化相對電氣功率變化近似不變的前提。當(dāng)機械功率有較快速且明顯變化時,無功功率會反方向大幅變化,即反調(diào)。針對現(xiàn)場運行中還存在的一些反調(diào)問題,本文建立了發(fā)電機機端電壓和機械功率的函數(shù)關(guān)系,無功功率和機械功率的函數(shù)關(guān)系,從內(nèi)在機理上對反調(diào)問題進行了分析,并加以實例仿真驗證,研究了反調(diào)的影響因素,抑制反調(diào)的措施。為現(xiàn)場調(diào)試和系統(tǒng)的穩(wěn)定運行提供支持作用。 本文從全局優(yōu)化的角度,提出了一種新型的控制器,對稱根軌跡法控制器,從根本上解決了相位補償PSS存在的暫態(tài)電勢和機端電壓替代不完全一致的問題以及反調(diào)問題。之后,為了進一步增加其實際應(yīng)用可行性,對SRL控制器進行了降維簡化控制,只保留與轉(zhuǎn)速對應(yīng)的分量,舍棄那些不易測量的電磁量對應(yīng)的分量。通過仿真驗證可以看到,基本保證了控制效果,并與相角補償PSS進行對比,討論兩種方法的鎮(zhèn)定效果,說明這種控制器是有效且可實現(xiàn)的。
[Abstract]:With the expansion of power system scale, the problem of low frequency oscillation is becoming more and more prominent. Power system stabilizer (PSSs), as an important measure to suppress low frequency oscillation, is widely used in power system. This paper focuses on the design method of PSS parameters. The traditional theory of PSS is the negative damping mechanism. Based on the Philips-Heffron model, the stability of the system is improved by adding damping to the system. Theoretically, the phase lag angle can be determined by calculating the phase difference between the PSS input point and the transient potential transfer function. In practice, the generator terminal voltage is often used to replace the transient potential. Whether this can guarantee the accuracy of phase compensation under various operating conditions and oscillating modes is worth discussing. In this paper, the transfer function between terminal voltage and transient potential is derived, and the following influencing factors are discussed: reference voltage disturbance, initial value of state variable and mechanical power disturbance, which is helpful to solve the problems existing in PSS operation at present. The active power PSS has a simple structure and can suppress the low frequency oscillation well, but its use needs to satisfy the premise that the mechanical power change is approximately invariant relative to the electrical power change. When the mechanical power changes rapidly and obviously, the reactive power will change significantly in the reverse direction, that is, the reverse modulation. In this paper, the functional relationship between generator terminal voltage and mechanical power, reactive power and mechanical power is established, and the inherent mechanism of inverse regulation is analyzed. An example is given to verify the influence factors and the measures to restrain the reverse modulation. To provide support for field debugging and stable operation of the system. From the point of view of global optimization, a new controller, symmetric root locus controller, is proposed in this paper, which fundamentally solves the problem that the transient potential and terminal voltage substitution of phase compensation PSS are not completely consistent with each other, as well as the inverse adjustment problem. Then, in order to further increase its practical feasibility, the reduced dimension control of SRL controller is carried out, only the components corresponding to the rotational speed are retained, and those components corresponding to the electromagnetic quantities that are difficult to measure are discarded. The simulation results show that the control effect is basically guaranteed, and compared with the phase angle compensated PSS, the stabilization effect of the two methods is discussed, which shows that the controller is effective and feasible.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華北電力大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TM712

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