本文選題：有機朗肯循環(huán) + 有機工質(zhì)��； 參考：《華中科技大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：當(dāng)前能源政策與形勢下，新能源技術(shù)得到大力發(fā)展，應(yīng)用范圍也逐漸擴大。太陽能發(fā)電技術(shù)為新能源中較有競爭力的技術(shù)之一，其中太陽能熱發(fā)電技術(shù)也得到進一步發(fā)展。目前，槽式太陽能集熱技術(shù)最為成熟，為發(fā)電循環(huán)提供中溫?zé)嵩�。與傳統(tǒng)水蒸汽朗肯循環(huán)相比，有機朗肯循環(huán)利用低沸點有機工質(zhì)進行發(fā)電循環(huán)，在中溫?zé)嵩聪滦矢鼮榭捎^，，系統(tǒng)形式簡單，初期投資小。 本文根據(jù)槽式太陽能熱源溫度范圍100~400℃，選取常用作工質(zhì)的R245fa、正戊烷、甲苯、MDM與D4進行分析與研究。利用MATLAB與NIST Refprop編制應(yīng)用單級汽輪機的基本有機朗肯循環(huán)系統(tǒng)與帶回?zé)嵊袡C朗肯循環(huán)系統(tǒng)的計算程序，選取的5種工質(zhì)，分析了5種工質(zhì)在兩種循環(huán)系統(tǒng)中的工作性能，結(jié)果表明R245fa適用于低于150℃的運行溫度，且R245fa基本有機朗肯循環(huán)熱效率很可觀。正戊烷從循環(huán)性能分析可用于接近300℃高溫，但受其自燃溫度限制，最好用于250℃左右運行溫度。甲苯、MDM與D4循環(huán)性能依次遞減，但是適用的運行溫度依次升高，其中MDM與D4使用回?zé)崞鞯难h(huán)性能比基本循環(huán)要提高一倍。 通過對5種工質(zhì)的分析，選取溫度和循環(huán)性能較好的甲苯與MDM，建立了太陽能有機朗肯循環(huán)發(fā)電系統(tǒng)模型，對不同運行參數(shù)下太陽能有機朗肯循環(huán)發(fā)電系統(tǒng)性能分析得出循環(huán)最高溫度300℃時，MDM蒸發(fā)壓力為1MPa時循環(huán)性能最好，甲苯則在蒸發(fā)壓力為2.3MPa時系統(tǒng)綜合性能最好。兩種工質(zhì)共同的運行特征是排氣參數(shù)較高，因而造成冷凝器火用損失較大。且在對蒸發(fā)系統(tǒng)各換熱段換熱器KA系數(shù)的計算和分析中發(fā)現(xiàn)，MDM液態(tài)和過熱蒸汽狀態(tài)的升溫過程需要較多能量和較大的換熱面積，反而蒸發(fā)段需要能量較少，甲苯則在蒸發(fā)段需要最多的能量和換熱面積。綜合各項參數(shù)，甲苯在太陽能有機朗肯循環(huán)系統(tǒng)中工作性能優(yōu)于MDM。根據(jù)計算所得甲苯與MDM最優(yōu)運行參數(shù)，對系統(tǒng)中主要換熱器進行設(shè)計計算，為實際系統(tǒng)設(shè)備研發(fā)提供參考。
[Abstract]:The current energy policy and situation, new energy technology has been developed rapidly and has gradually expanded the scope of application of solar power technology. As one of the new energy more competitive technology, including solar thermal power generation technology has been further development. At present, groove type solar thermal technology is the most mature generation cycle provides a medium temperature heat source compared with the traditional steam Rankine cycle, Rankine cycle using low boiling point organic working fluid of the heat source in the power cycle, the efficiency is even more impressive, the system has simple form, the initial investment is small.
According to the trough type solar heat source temperature range of 100~400 DEG C, select the commonly used refrigerant R245fa, pentane, toluene, MDM and D4 were analyzed and studied. By using MATLAB program and NIST Refprop for application of single stage steam turbine basic organic Rankine cycle system and regenerative organic Rankine cycle system, 5 kinds of refrigerant selected 5, work performance in the two cycle system is analyzed, results show that R245fa is suitable for operating temperature below 150 DEG C, and the R245fa basic organic Rankine cycle thermal efficiency is considerable. Pentane from cycle performance analysis can be used to close to the high temperature of 300 DEG C, but its ignition temperature limit, the best for 250 DEG C about the operation temperature. Toluene, cycle performance of MDM and D4 are decreased, but the applicable operating temperature gradually increased, the MDM and D4 using cyclic regenerator performance than the basic cycle to be doubled.
Through the analysis of 5 kinds of refrigerants, selection of toluene and MDM temperature and good cycle performance, established solar organic Rankine cycle power generation system model, the performance of the solar organic Rankine cycle power generation system under different operating parameters of maximum cycle temperature of 300 DEG C, MDM evaporation pressure is 1MPa the best cycle performance, in toluene the evaporation pressure is 2.3MPa the best comprehensive performance of the system. Two kinds of common operating characteristics of refrigerant exhaust parameters is higher, resulting in condenser exergy loss greatly. Found the calculation and analysis of heat exchanger and KA coefficient of the evaporation system in each heat exchanger in the heating process of MDM liquid and superheated steam state needs more energy and the larger heat transfer area, but the evaporation section needs less energy, toluene requires most energy and heat transfer area in the evaporation section. The parameters of toluene in solar organic Rankine The performance of the circulating system is better than that of MDM.. According to the optimal operation parameters of toluene and MDM, the design and calculation of the main heat exchangers in the system are carried out, providing a reference for the research and development of the actual system equipment.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：華中科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TM615

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