本文選題：負(fù)荷頻率控制　切入點：微分博弈理論　出處：《華南理工大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：針對由大規(guī)模風(fēng)電并網(wǎng)對互聯(lián)電力系統(tǒng)造成的頻率和聯(lián)絡(luò)線功率偏差問題，本文引入微分博弈理論作為理論基礎(chǔ)，根據(jù)海南電網(wǎng)的發(fā)電機組組成情況建立了兩區(qū)域互聯(lián)電力系統(tǒng)線性模型，對含有多電源小容量區(qū)域電力系統(tǒng)的負(fù)荷頻率控制進(jìn)行了研究，研究內(nèi)容具體如下： 1、將最優(yōu)跟蹤控制理論的結(jié)果擴展到線性二次型微分博弈理論框架下，解決了在多輸入多輸出控制策略設(shè)計方法下，系統(tǒng)發(fā)電量在不同發(fā)電機組之間的分配問題，在充分考慮區(qū)域內(nèi)各發(fā)電機組運行特性與系統(tǒng)要求的前提下，通過對支付函數(shù)權(quán)重矩陣的選取，設(shè)計系統(tǒng)中各發(fā)電機組在納什均衡下的控制策略。仿真結(jié)果表明，與PI控制器和最優(yōu)跟蹤控制理論設(shè)計的控制策略相比，微分博弈跟蹤控制策略能夠在實現(xiàn)系統(tǒng)控制目標(biāo)及改善機組運行狀況的情況下，充分利用各發(fā)電機組的特性，平衡各發(fā)電機組的利益。 2、通過定義各發(fā)電機組在負(fù)荷頻率控制中的參與度，分析了微分博弈理論中權(quán)重矩陣中對應(yīng)于系統(tǒng)控制目標(biāo)元素的取值對機組參與度的影響。研究結(jié)果表明，指定機組的參與度隨著其權(quán)重矩陣中相應(yīng)元素取值增加而提高，而其余機組則相應(yīng)降低，相比于最優(yōu)跟蹤控制理論，其所帶來的優(yōu)點是電力系統(tǒng)的決策者可以根據(jù)各機組的特性、運行情況及系統(tǒng)要求決定其在負(fù)荷頻率控制中所發(fā)揮的作用，為機組之間的協(xié)調(diào)控制提供了更大的自由度。 3、基于軟抑制微分博弈理論增強了控制策略的魯棒性，仿真結(jié)果表明，在系統(tǒng)對風(fēng)電場出力變動測量或估計存在誤差的情況下，與微分博弈跟蹤控制策略相比，軟抑制微分博弈跟蹤控制策略能夠降低該誤差對控制目標(biāo)偏差的影響，提高機組的響應(yīng)速度。 4、將蓄電池儲能系統(tǒng)引入負(fù)荷頻率控制中，并對其所起的作用進(jìn)行了研究，仿真結(jié)果表明，，在電力系統(tǒng)目前所采用的負(fù)荷頻率控制方式下，蓄電池儲能系統(tǒng)能夠有效抑制由風(fēng)電場出力變動造成的頻率和聯(lián)絡(luò)線功率偏差與波動，改善機組運行狀態(tài)；再結(jié)合本文所提出機組控制方法，系統(tǒng)已無明顯的頻率與聯(lián)絡(luò)線功率偏差波動，控制效果優(yōu)異。 本文研究受國家自然科學(xué)基金項目：基于高頻交流技術(shù)的分布式可再生能源技術(shù)研究(51177050)及國家863高技術(shù)基金項目：含高滲透率間歇性能源的區(qū)域電網(wǎng)優(yōu)化調(diào)度與互補運行關(guān)鍵技術(shù)研究(2012AA050201)資助。
[Abstract]:According to the frequency and power deviation from large-scale wind power on power system caused by the introduced differential game theory as the theoretical foundation, according to the generating units in Hainan power grid structure has established two regional linear interconnected power system model for power system load frequency with small capacity multi regional power control is studied. The specific research contents are as follows:
1, the optimal tracking control theory is extended to the linear two differential game theory, solves the multi input multi output control strategy design method, system of power allocation between different units of the problem, considering the area of each unit operation characteristics and system requirements of the premise, through the selection of payment function weight matrix, control strategy under the Nash equilibrium of the turbine design system. The simulation results show that compared with the PI controller and the optimal tracking control strategy design theory, differential game tracking control strategy can control the system operation status of target and improve the unit's situation, make full use of the characteristics of each turbine generator, and balance the interests.
2, through participation in the definition of each generator in load frequency control, analyzes the influence of the corresponding values in the control objectives of the system elements of the weight matrix differential game theory of unit participation. The results show that the specified unit participation with the increase of the value of the corresponding elements of the weight matrix are increased, while the rest of the unit the corresponding lower, compared to the optimal tracking control theory, the advantages brought by the power system decision makers can according to the characteristics of each unit, operation and system requirements determine the play in the load frequency control function for coordinated control between the units provide a greater degree of freedom.
3, soft constrained differential games theory to enhance the robustness of the control strategy based on the simulation results show that in the system of wind power fluctuation measurement or estimation error under the condition, compared with the differential game tracking control strategy, soft constrained differential game strategy can reduce the error influence on control target deviation tracking control, improve the response speed of the unit.
4, the battery energy storage system into the load frequency control, and its effect is studied, the simulation results show that the load frequency control of power system currently used, battery energy storage system can effectively suppress the wind farm output caused by changes in the frequency and tie line power deviation and volatility. To improve the operation status of the unit; combined with the proposed control method, the system has no obvious frequency and tie line power fluctuation, the control effect is excellent.
This research was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation Project: RETS Institute of Technology technology based on distributed high frequency AC (51177050) and the National 863 high technology project: Research on the key technologies of the optimization of regional power grid dispatching and complementary operation with high penetration of intermittent energy (2012AA050201) funding.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：華南理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TM614

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