本文選題：在線監(jiān)測(cè)設(shè)備　切入點(diǎn)：電流互感器　出處：《重慶大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：輸電線路在電網(wǎng)構(gòu)架中承擔(dān)著電能輸送的作用，若發(fā)生故障后將對(duì)整個(gè)電網(wǎng)造成巨大影響，在線監(jiān)測(cè)技術(shù)為輸電線路的安全運(yùn)行提供了保障。由于輸電線路電壓等級(jí)高，所處環(huán)境復(fù)雜，監(jiān)測(cè)設(shè)備的電源供給問題一直是制約在線監(jiān)測(cè)技術(shù)發(fā)展的瓶頸之一。 本文對(duì)現(xiàn)有供電電源進(jìn)行了歸納總結(jié)，并在前人研究的基礎(chǔ)上，針對(duì)本實(shí)驗(yàn)室的雷電計(jì)數(shù)器遠(yuǎn)程監(jiān)測(cè)系統(tǒng)研制了一種結(jié)合超級(jí)電容和鋰電池的電流互感器(CT)取能電源。該電源利用CT通過電磁感應(yīng)從高壓側(cè)輸電線路上截取能量，經(jīng)過后續(xù)電路處理后輸出穩(wěn)定直流電壓為監(jiān)測(cè)設(shè)備供能。研究CT進(jìn)行功率傳輸?shù)幕倦姶抨P(guān)系，建立取能電源等效電路模型，分析各參數(shù)對(duì)CT輸出功率的影響，實(shí)現(xiàn)參數(shù)匹配以保證CT處于高效率取能狀態(tài)。依照分級(jí)供能的原則對(duì)電源進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)和硬件電路設(shè)計(jì)，使用鋰電池作為備用電源，針對(duì)線路電流的變化使電源工作在不同狀態(tài)，電源具有良好的適應(yīng)性。利用超級(jí)電容的電壓鉗制作用有效防止鐵芯飽和，其瞬時(shí)大功率特性能夠滿足帶有通信模塊的監(jiān)測(cè)設(shè)備的需求；鋰電池作為備用電源在線路電流較小時(shí)自動(dòng)接入為監(jiān)測(cè)設(shè)備續(xù)能，消除了取能死區(qū)；開關(guān)管和繼電器自動(dòng)調(diào)節(jié)電源工作狀態(tài)，以適應(yīng)線路電流的大范圍變化；過壓保護(hù)、過流保護(hù)、鋰電池充放電保護(hù)模塊有效的保證了電源安全穩(wěn)定的運(yùn)行。 通過模擬實(shí)驗(yàn)對(duì)電源的不同工作狀態(tài)進(jìn)行測(cè)試，結(jié)果表明：在0到800A的線路電流范圍內(nèi)，鐵芯均不會(huì)飽和，電源能以5V直流電壓實(shí)現(xiàn)2.5W穩(wěn)定功率輸出，例如：當(dāng)線路電流小于70A時(shí)，電源需鋰電池輔助供能(輸電線徹底斷電時(shí)，，鋰電池能單獨(dú)供能2小時(shí)以內(nèi))；線路電流大于70A時(shí)，電源通過超級(jí)電容能單獨(dú)供能，并同時(shí)對(duì)鋰電池進(jìn)行充電。此外，電源具備瞬時(shí)大功率特性，可瞬時(shí)輸出12W以上功率。 可見，本文所研制的CT取能電源能在寬范圍線路電流下為監(jiān)測(cè)設(shè)備實(shí)現(xiàn)穩(wěn)定供能，無(wú)取能死區(qū)，且能提供瞬時(shí)大功率。
[Abstract]:Transmission line plays the role of power transmission in the frame of power grid. If failure occurs, it will have a great impact on the whole power network. On-line monitoring technology provides a guarantee for the safe operation of transmission lines.Because of the high voltage level of transmission line and the complex environment, the power supply problem of monitoring equipment has been one of the bottlenecks restricting the development of on-line monitoring technology.In this paper, the existing power supply is summarized, and based on the previous research, a kind of current transformer CTS based on super capacitor and lithium battery is developed for the remote monitoring system of lightning counter in our laboratory.The power supply uses CT to intercept the energy from the transmission line on the high voltage side by electromagnetic induction, and outputs the stable DC voltage to supply energy for the monitoring equipment after the subsequent circuit processing.The basic electromagnetic relation of CT power transmission is studied, the equivalent circuit model of the power source is established, the influence of each parameter on the output power of CT is analyzed, and the parameter matching is realized to ensure that CT is in the state of high efficiency.According to the principle of graded energy supply, the system and hardware circuit of the power supply are designed. The lithium battery is used as the backup power source. The power supply has good adaptability to the variation of the line current.Using the voltage clamping action of super capacitor to prevent iron core saturation effectively, its instantaneous high power characteristic can meet the needs of monitoring equipment with communication module.Lithium battery as a backup power supply automatically connected to monitor equipment when the line current is small, eliminates the dead zone of energy collection, switches and relays automatically adjust the working state of the power supply to adapt to the wide range variation of line current, overvoltage protection,Over-current protection, lithium battery charge and discharge protection module effectively ensures the safe and stable operation of the power supply.The different working states of the power supply are tested by simulation experiments. The results show that the core is not saturated in the range of 0 to 800A, and the power supply can achieve 2.5W steady power output at 5V DC voltage.For example, when the line current is less than 70A, the power supply needs a lithium battery auxiliary energy supply (when the transmission line is completely off, the lithium battery can supply energy alone within 2 hours; when the line current is greater than 70A, the power supply can be supplied separately through a super capacitor.At the same time, the lithium battery is charged.In addition, the power supply with instantaneous high power characteristics, instantaneous output of more than 12 W power.It can be seen that the CT power supply developed in this paper can provide stable energy supply for the monitoring equipment under a wide range of line currents without dead zone and can provide instantaneous high power.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：重慶大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TM452

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本文編號(hào)：1712774