本文選題：音頻監(jiān)控　切入點：變電站　出處：《長沙理工大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著我國智能電網(wǎng)建設(shè)的不斷推進(jìn),國內(nèi)大部分地區(qū)220kV以下的變電站已經(jīng)基本實現(xiàn)了無人值守。同時,得益于IEC61850標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的推廣,變電站的網(wǎng)絡(luò)通信條件得到了很大改善。作為電網(wǎng)的核心節(jié)點,變電站地位重要。為確保其在無人值守條件下仍能安全穩(wěn)定運行,有必要對其一次設(shè)備進(jìn)行持續(xù)監(jiān)控。論文采用聽聲音判斷設(shè)備運行狀態(tài)的原理設(shè)計了一套音頻監(jiān)控系統(tǒng),能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)對變電站主要設(shè)備工況的實時監(jiān)控。系統(tǒng)可實現(xiàn)設(shè)備運行音頻的多通道采集,并能通過以太網(wǎng)將音頻數(shù)據(jù)發(fā)送到設(shè)置在遠(yuǎn)程集控中心的音頻監(jiān)控主機進(jìn)行分析,判斷設(shè)備的運行狀態(tài)。論文基于對變電站運維模式、通信條件等實際情況的分析,結(jié)合系統(tǒng)的功能要求,闡述了系統(tǒng)的總體設(shè)計方案。隨后詳細(xì)介紹了系統(tǒng)的軟硬件設(shè)計方案。在系統(tǒng)硬件設(shè)計方案中,論文著重介紹了以DSP為主控芯片的數(shù)據(jù)采集器的設(shè)計,包括各功能模塊的元件選擇與電路設(shè)計,并給出了利用Protel繪制的電路原理圖。同時介紹了音頻傳感器的設(shè)計與安裝,以及監(jiān)控主機的選擇。在系統(tǒng)軟件設(shè)計方案中,論文則主要介紹了網(wǎng)絡(luò)通信模塊和音頻數(shù)據(jù)分析模塊軟件的開發(fā),包括以太網(wǎng)控制芯片RTL8019AS的驅(qū)動程序、嵌入式TCP/IP協(xié)議棧的實現(xiàn)程序、音頻特征參數(shù)MFCC的提取程序等功能程序的設(shè)計,其中重點介紹了用于以太網(wǎng)通信的各層協(xié)議的選擇與嵌入式實現(xiàn)。鑒于MFCC的提取是音頻數(shù)據(jù)庫訓(xùn)練和異常音頻識別的重要環(huán)節(jié),論文以現(xiàn)場實錄的變壓器運行時的音頻為例,基于Matlab對音頻的分析及其MFCC的提取過程進(jìn)行了仿真。論文的最后介紹了系統(tǒng)在廈門電業(yè)局所轄四個變電站的試點安裝與調(diào)試過程。論文為變電站主設(shè)備工況音頻監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)的實現(xiàn)提供了完整的設(shè)計方案。系統(tǒng)通過對一次設(shè)備運行時內(nèi)部發(fā)出音頻的采集和分析可以有效實現(xiàn)對其工況的持續(xù)監(jiān)控,能夠適應(yīng)無人值守變電站的運維模式,且其數(shù)據(jù)傳輸方式與變電站現(xiàn)有的通信網(wǎng)絡(luò)相兼容。另外,論文通過對變壓器音頻的分析和MFCC提取,找出了該設(shè)備音頻信號的特點及其MFCC提取的相關(guān)影響因素。
[Abstract]:With the continuous development of smart grid construction in China, substations below 220kV have basically been unattended in most areas of the country. At the same time, thanks to the promotion of IEC61850 standards, The network communication condition of substation has been greatly improved. As the core node of power network, substation is very important. In order to ensure its safe and stable operation under unattended condition, It is necessary to monitor its primary equipment continuously. A set of audio monitoring system is designed based on the principle of hearing sound to judge the running state of the equipment. The system can realize the multi-channel acquisition of the equipment running audio, and can send the audio data to the audio monitoring host set in the remote centralized control center through Ethernet for analysis. Based on the analysis of substation operation and maintenance mode, communication conditions and other actual conditions, combined with the functional requirements of the system, the paper analyzes the operation status of the equipment. This paper describes the overall design scheme of the system, and then introduces the hardware and software design of the system in detail. In the hardware design of the system, the paper focuses on the design of the data acquisition device with DSP as the main control chip. It includes the component selection and circuit design of each functional module, and gives the circuit schematic diagram drawn by Protel. At the same time, the design and installation of audio sensor and the selection of monitoring host are introduced. The paper mainly introduces the software development of network communication module and audio data analysis module, including the driver of Ethernet control chip RTL8019AS and the realization program of embedded TCP/IP protocol stack. The design of function programs such as the extraction program of audio feature parameter MFCC and so on, in which the selection and embedded implementation of each layer protocol used for Ethernet communication are emphatically introduced. In view of the fact that MFCC extraction is an important link in the training of audio database and the recognition of abnormal audio, The paper takes the audio frequency recorded in the field as an example. The analysis of audio frequency based on Matlab and the process of MFCC extraction are simulated. Finally, the process of installation and debugging of the system in four substations under Xiamen Electric Power Bureau is introduced. The realization of the monitoring system provides a complete design scheme. The system can effectively realize the continuous monitoring of the operating conditions through the collection and analysis of the audio emitted from the inside of the primary equipment. It can adapt to the operation and maintenance mode of unattended substation, and its data transmission mode is compatible with the existing communication network of substation. In addition, through the analysis of transformer audio frequency and MFCC extraction, The characteristics of audio signal and the related factors of MFCC extraction are found out.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：長沙理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TM76;TM63

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相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條

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本文編號：1699241