發(fā)布時間：2018-03-31 17:01

  本文選題：車載充電機(jī)　切入點(diǎn)：APFC移相全橋　出處：《長安大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：電動汽車的出現(xiàn)能有效解決環(huán)境污染、能源危機(jī)和汽車工業(yè)快速發(fā)展的矛盾。由于電動汽車的動力電池儲能受電池技術(shù)發(fā)展的限制，續(xù)航里程有限，電量不足時就要及時給動力電池充電。但是充電樁位置比較固定，使用便利性大打折扣，因此非常有必要研制一種低成本，攜帶靈活的車載充電機(jī)，及時為電動汽車進(jìn)行充電，為電動汽車推廣奠定基礎(chǔ)。 電動汽車運(yùn)行環(huán)境惡劣，車載充電機(jī)必須具有塵密結(jié)構(gòu)；散熱方式自然冷卻，需要具有高效率；為提高充電機(jī)輸入側(cè)功率因數(shù)以及減少充電時對電網(wǎng)的污染，需要有功率因數(shù)校正電路；為了提高電動汽車的動力性和可靠性，需要充電機(jī)具有重量輕、體積小、可靠性高、抗機(jī)械沖擊及震動等特點(diǎn)。 本文根據(jù)電動汽車車載充電機(jī)的技術(shù)指標(biāo)和防護(hù)等級要求，分析了常用拓?fù)浣Y(jié)構(gòu)及其控制方式，確定前級有源功率因數(shù)校正電路和后級DC/DC變換電路兩級結(jié)構(gòu)。通過對比有源功率因數(shù)校正電路的不同電路拓?fù)浣Y(jié)構(gòu)和控制方式的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)，前級選定了Boost拓?fù)潆娐泛突谄骄娏骺刂品绞降目刂苹芈�，并計算了主器件的參�?shù)。為了使充電電源在大范圍負(fù)載條件下獲得高效率，對各種DC/DC電路拓?fù)溥M(jìn)行分析，后級選擇了移相控制全橋DC/DC變換器結(jié)構(gòu)，并且采用TI的數(shù)字電源控制器UCD3138作為主控芯片，提高效率和減少模擬電路，有利于體積和成本的控制，對變換器主器件進(jìn)行了計算選型。輔助電源方面采用Power Intergrations的集成芯片，TOP266EG，電路結(jié)構(gòu)簡單，體積小、效率高，實(shí)現(xiàn)多路電壓輸出。 本文根據(jù)前后兩級電路主電路和控制電路的具體參數(shù)，利用仿真工具Saber和Pspice對充電機(jī)的兩級解決方案進(jìn)行了仿真分析和參數(shù)優(yōu)化，設(shè)計了一臺2.5kw的電動汽車車載充電機(jī)實(shí)驗(yàn)樣機(jī)。對實(shí)驗(yàn)樣機(jī)進(jìn)行了測試，輸出電壓值和紋波系數(shù)達(dá)到設(shè)計要求，本文設(shè)計的車載充電機(jī)方案是可行的，，為后面充電機(jī)產(chǎn)品設(shè)計優(yōu)化提供了理論和實(shí)驗(yàn)依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:The emergence of electric vehicles can effectively solve the contradiction between environmental pollution, energy crisis and the rapid development of automobile industry. When the power supply is insufficient, the power battery should be charged in time. However, the position of the charging pile is relatively fixed, and the ease of use is greatly compromised. Therefore, it is very necessary to develop a low-cost, flexible on-board charger to charge the electric vehicle in a timely manner. Lay the foundation for electric vehicle promotion. In order to improve the power factor of the input side of the electric vehicle and reduce the pollution to the power grid during charging, the electric vehicle must have a dust-tight structure for running in a bad environment; In order to improve the power performance and reliability of electric vehicle, it is necessary for the charger to have the characteristics of light weight, small volume, high reliability, resistance to mechanical shock and vibration, etc. According to the technical index and protection grade requirement of electric vehicle on-board charger, the common topology structure and its control mode are analyzed in this paper. The two-stage structure of the former active power factor correction circuit and the rear stage DC/DC transform circuit is determined. The advantages and disadvantages of the different circuit topologies and control methods of the active power factor correction circuit are compared. The Boost topology circuit and the control circuit based on the average current control mode are selected in the previous stage, and the parameters of the main device are calculated. In order to make the charging power supply achieve high efficiency under the condition of a wide range of loads, various DC/DC circuit topologies are analyzed. In the latter stage, phase shift control full-bridge DC/DC converter structure is selected, and TI digital power supply controller UCD3138 is used as main control chip to improve efficiency and reduce analog circuit, which is beneficial to volume and cost control. In the auxiliary power supply, Power Intergrations integrated chip TOP266EG. the circuit structure is simple, the volume is small, the efficiency is high, and the multi-channel voltage output is realized. According to the specific parameters of the main circuit and control circuit of the front and rear two-stage circuit, this paper makes use of the simulation tools Saber and Pspice to simulate and analyze the two-stage solution of the charger and optimize the parameters. An experimental prototype of an electric vehicle on-board charger based on 2.5kw is designed. The experimental prototype is tested, and the output voltage and ripple coefficient are up to the design requirements. The scheme designed in this paper is feasible. It provides the theoretical and experimental basis for the optimization of the product design of the rear charger.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：長安大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TM46;U469.72

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本文編號：1691632