本文選題：微電網(wǎng)　切入點：分布式電源　出處：《廣東工業(yè)大學》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：微電網(wǎng)是指由分布式電源、儲能裝置、負荷、監(jiān)控單元和保護裝置等組成的可實現(xiàn)自我控制、保護和管理的小型自治發(fā)配電系統(tǒng)。微電網(wǎng)具有較高的靈活性,可充分發(fā)揮高滲透率狀態(tài)下可再生能源等分布式電源的價值和效益,降低對大電網(wǎng)的影響,是未來電力系統(tǒng)發(fā)展的方向。通過幾種主要分布式電源及其并網(wǎng)變換器的整體建模,構建含多種分布式電源及儲能裝置的低壓微電網(wǎng)系統(tǒng)模型,分析研究了并網(wǎng)控制與孤島主從控制策略及運行特性。 綜合分析了微電網(wǎng)的研究背景和國內外研究現(xiàn)狀、運行控制模式及關鍵研究問題,建立了定槳距永磁直驅風力發(fā)電系統(tǒng)定葉尖速比控制的原動機仿真模型；研究分析了幾種常見的蓄電池等效電路模型,構建通用電路等效模型的PSCAD仿真模塊；建立了光伏電池陣列的標準物理模型,PSCAD仿真結果表明,模型能夠很好的反映太陽能光伏電池的輸出特性。 由并網(wǎng)變換器數(shù)學模型導出電流內環(huán)控制器的結構框圖,結合功率外環(huán),實現(xiàn)并網(wǎng)系統(tǒng)的恒功率控制。根據(jù)交流母線處頻率和電壓的測量值及相關的下垂特性,提出一種基于下垂特性的V/f控制策略,確定分布式電源的有功功率和無功功率輸出,為電流環(huán)提供參考信號,實現(xiàn)并網(wǎng)逆變器的恒壓恒頻控制。研究了蓄電池儲能單元的控制與太陽能光伏發(fā)電系統(tǒng)的MPPT控制,對雙向DC/DC變換器Boost工作模式進行建模分析,通過改變占空比實現(xiàn)蓄電池的充放電控制；結合變論域模糊控制算法的插值機理與光伏最大功率跟蹤理論,提出一種基于多峰值特性曲線的全局MPPT變論域模糊控制算法。仿真結果表明,算法能快速反映外界環(huán)境變化,準確搜索全局最優(yōu)點,動態(tài)運行特性好、穩(wěn)態(tài)精度較高。 將文中微電源接入歐盟低壓微電網(wǎng)配網(wǎng)系統(tǒng),形成一個含多種分布式電源與儲能裝置的微電網(wǎng)系統(tǒng),構建以蓄電池為主電源,其他分布式電源為從電源的微電網(wǎng)主從控制的仿真模型。對微電網(wǎng)系統(tǒng)在外界環(huán)境發(fā)生變化時分布式電源接入點及并網(wǎng)穩(wěn)態(tài)運行時的運行特性、微電網(wǎng)在孤島和并網(wǎng)兩個運行模式之間的轉換以及孤島模式下的暫態(tài)運行等方式下的電壓、頻率變化等特征進行模擬仿真,仿真結果表明,所提恒功率控制和恒壓恒頻控制能夠實現(xiàn)微電源功率解耦,維持系統(tǒng)功率輸出穩(wěn)定；以蓄電池為主電源的主從控制策略能有效維持系統(tǒng)功率平衡,微電網(wǎng)運行模式切換時的系統(tǒng)電壓和頻率也可迅速恢復到穩(wěn)態(tài)設定值,較好地滿足了微電網(wǎng)運行要求,驗證了控制策略的正確性和有效性。
[Abstract]:Micro-grid is a small self-control, protection and management autonomous distribution system composed of distributed power generation, energy storage device, load, monitoring unit and protection device. It is the direction of power system development in the future to give full play to the value and benefit of distributed generation such as renewable energy under the condition of high permeability, and to reduce the influence on large power grid. Through the whole modeling of several main distributed power sources and their grid-connected converters, A low voltage microgrid system model with multiple distributed power sources and energy storage devices is constructed. The grid-connected control strategy and islanding master-slave control strategy and operation characteristics are analyzed and studied. In this paper, the research background of microgrid, the research status at home and abroad, the operation control mode and the key research problems are comprehensively analyzed, and the prime mover simulation model of constant tip speed ratio control of fixed pitch permanent magnet direct drive wind power generation system is established. In this paper, several common equivalent circuit models of battery are studied and analyzed, and the PSCAD simulation module of general circuit equivalent model is constructed, and the standard physical model of photovoltaic cell array is established. The model can well reflect the output characteristics of solar photovoltaic cells. The structure block diagram of the current inner loop controller is derived from the mathematical model of the grid-connected converter. Combined with the power outer loop, the constant power control of the grid-connected system is realized. A V / F control strategy based on droop characteristics is proposed to determine the active and reactive power output of the distributed power generation, which provides a reference signal for the current loop. The constant voltage and constant frequency control of grid-connected inverter is realized. The control of battery energy storage unit and the MPPT control of solar photovoltaic system are studied, and the Boost working mode of bi-directional DC/DC converter is modeled and analyzed. The charging and discharging control of battery is realized by changing duty cycle, and the interpolation mechanism of variable universe fuzzy control algorithm and the theory of photovoltaic maximum power tracking are combined. A global MPPT variable domain fuzzy control algorithm based on multi-peak characteristic curve is proposed. The simulation results show that the algorithm can quickly reflect the changes of the external environment, search the global optimum accurately, have good dynamic operation characteristics and high steady-state accuracy. In this paper, the micro-power supply is connected to the EU low-voltage microgrid distribution system to form a microgrid system with a variety of distributed power sources and energy storage devices. Other distributed power sources are the simulation models of master and slave control of microgrid with slave power. The operating characteristics of distributed power access point and grid-connected steady-state operation when the microgrid system changes in the external environment are studied. The characteristics of voltage and frequency change of microgrid under island and grid-connected operation modes and transient operation in isolated island mode are simulated. The simulation results show that, The proposed constant power control and constant voltage constant frequency control can realize the power decoupling of the micro power supply and maintain the power output stability of the system, and the master-slave control strategy with the battery as the main power source can effectively maintain the power balance of the system. The voltage and frequency of the system can be restored to the steady state quickly when switching the operation mode of the microgrid, which meets the requirements of the operation of the microgrid and verifies the correctness and effectiveness of the control strategy.
【學位授予單位】：廣東工業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TM732

【引證文獻】

相關碩士學位論文 前2條

1 洪林;孤島微電網(wǎng)運行性能評價與優(yōu)化研究[D];廣東工業(yè)大學;2016年

2 張潮;離網(wǎng)模式下逆變器接口的控制策略[D];浙江大學;2015年

，

本文編號：1678720