本文選題：有機(jī)朗肯循環(huán)　切入點(diǎn)：余熱發(fā)電　出處：《華北電力大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)的高速發(fā)展,中國(guó)對(duì)能源的需求越來(lái)越大,造成能源與環(huán)境問(wèn)題日益突出,利用有機(jī)朗肯循環(huán)系統(tǒng)(ORC)回收低溫余熱進(jìn)行發(fā)電能夠有效地提高能源利用率,減少污染排放以及降低工業(yè)成本,因而近些年得到國(guó)內(nèi)外學(xué)者廣泛的關(guān)注。 現(xiàn)實(shí)中,低溫余熱熱源是不穩(wěn)定的,而且外部環(huán)境也是時(shí)刻發(fā)生變化的,從而造成系統(tǒng)工況的變化,對(duì)低溫余熱發(fā)電有機(jī)朗肯循環(huán)系統(tǒng)性能造成很大影響。系統(tǒng)蒸發(fā)壓力設(shè)定值應(yīng)隨著系統(tǒng)工況的變化而變化,使得系統(tǒng)輸出功率和系統(tǒng)整體效率盡可能達(dá)到最大,從而實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)煙氣余熱的充分利用。 本文首先對(duì)基本有機(jī)朗肯循環(huán)熱力模型進(jìn)行分析,在對(duì)各個(gè)部件能耗總結(jié)的基礎(chǔ)上分析系統(tǒng)性能評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)。其次,本文以ASPEN HYSYS軟件為平臺(tái)搭建了以蒸發(fā)器、膨脹機(jī)、冷凝器、工質(zhì)泵為主要部件的有機(jī)朗肯循環(huán)系統(tǒng)模型,針對(duì)給定工況,通過(guò)調(diào)節(jié)系統(tǒng)參數(shù),研究參數(shù)對(duì)系統(tǒng)性能的影響并分析其原因。最后,為了實(shí)現(xiàn)系統(tǒng)的輸出功率和系統(tǒng)整體效率目標(biāo)最大化,本文提出了兩種不同運(yùn)行優(yōu)化策略對(duì)系統(tǒng)蒸發(fā)壓力的設(shè)定值進(jìn)行優(yōu)化,一種是基于支持向量機(jī)(SVM)模型,一種基于遺傳算法—最小二乘支持向量機(jī)模型(GA-LS-SVM)。實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,在系統(tǒng)工況發(fā)生變化的情況下,兩種模型都能快速準(zhǔn)確的預(yù)測(cè)出系統(tǒng)蒸發(fā)壓力最優(yōu)(次優(yōu))設(shè)定值,但比較發(fā)現(xiàn),GA-LS-SVM模型精度要略優(yōu)于SVM模型。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of economy, the demand for energy in China is increasing, and the energy and environment problems are becoming more and more serious. Using the organic Rankine cycle system (ORC) to recover low temperature waste heat for power generation can effectively improve the energy efficiency. Reducing pollution emissions and reducing industrial costs have attracted extensive attention from domestic and foreign scholars in recent years. In reality, the low temperature waste heat source is unstable, and the external environment is changing at all times, resulting in the change of system working conditions. It has a great influence on the performance of organic Rankine cycle system for low temperature waste heat generation. The system evaporation pressure setting value should change with the change of system working conditions, so that the system output power and the overall efficiency of the system can be maximized as far as possible. Thus, the waste heat of flue gas can be fully utilized. In this paper, the basic organic Rankine cycle thermodynamic model is first analyzed, and the system performance evaluation index is analyzed on the basis of summing up the energy consumption of each component. Secondly, the evaporator, expander and condenser are built on the platform of ASPEN HYSYS software. The organic Rankine circulatory system model with working fluid pump as the main component, according to the given working condition, by adjusting the system parameters, the influence of the parameters on the system performance is studied and the reasons are analyzed. In order to maximize the output power of the system and the overall efficiency of the system, two different operation optimization strategies are proposed to optimize the evaporation pressure of the system. One is based on the support vector machine (SVM) model. A GA-LS-SVM-based genetic algorithm (LS-SVM) model is proposed. The experimental results show that both models can predict the optimal (sub-optimal) evaporation pressure of the system quickly and accurately when the operating conditions of the system change. However, the accuracy of GA-LS-SVM model is slightly better than that of SVM model.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華北電力大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TM617

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