本文選題：無刷勵磁　切入點：PID控制　出處：《沈陽工業(yè)大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：無刷電勵磁同步電機是近年來提出的一種新型電機，該電機除具有常規(guī)電勵磁同步電機轉(zhuǎn)速恒定、功率因數(shù)可調(diào)及效率高等優(yōu)點外，還具有無電刷滑環(huán)結(jié)構(gòu)、維護成本低、可靠性高等特點，特別適用于易燃易爆及風力發(fā)電等應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域。這種電機定子上有兩套極數(shù)不同的繞組，一套為2p極三相電樞繞組，直接與電網(wǎng)相連接；另一套為2q極直流勵磁繞組，為電機提供勵磁電流，轉(zhuǎn)子為磁障籠型混合式轉(zhuǎn)子。由于這種電機的發(fā)展較晚，目前還沒有與之相適應(yīng)的勵磁控制系統(tǒng)能夠配合這種電機運行，，為了使無刷電勵磁同步電機能夠發(fā)揮出最佳性能，本文設(shè)計并研制了一套無刷電勵磁同步電機勵磁控制系統(tǒng)。 首先，本文研究了無刷電勵磁同步電機的工作機理，對該電機特殊的定轉(zhuǎn)子結(jié)構(gòu)和工作方式進行了具體的介紹，并與傳統(tǒng)的旋轉(zhuǎn)整流器式無刷電勵磁同步電機進行了對比分析，明確了研究的目的和意義。 其次，本文使用有限元仿真分析軟件Ansoft Maxwell建立了無刷電勵磁同步電機的有限元分析模型，利用多領(lǐng)域仿真分析軟件Simplorer建立了控制系統(tǒng)仿真模型，并將有限元模型導(dǎo)入到Simplorer中進行聯(lián)合仿真。使用場路結(jié)合的方法對變負載恒定發(fā)電機端電壓等工作狀態(tài)進行了仿真分析，針對仿真中發(fā)現(xiàn)的問題，本文對勵磁控制系統(tǒng)的電路結(jié)構(gòu)進行了優(yōu)化設(shè)計，改善了控制器的性能。 再次，本文針對無刷電勵磁同步電機對于勵磁控制系統(tǒng)的需求，提出了針對不同工況的勵磁電流控制策略。在電動機工況中，勵磁控制系統(tǒng)根據(jù)電機轉(zhuǎn)速自動判斷何時對電機進行牽入同步，通過調(diào)節(jié)勵磁電流來調(diào)整電動機功率因數(shù)。在發(fā)電機雙閉環(huán)應(yīng)用工況中，勵磁控制系統(tǒng)使用雙閉環(huán)控制算法使發(fā)電機發(fā)出的端電壓保持在給定的數(shù)值附近，當發(fā)電機負載發(fā)生突變時，勵磁控制系統(tǒng)迅速調(diào)整勵磁電流的大小以應(yīng)對這種變化，最大限度的保證發(fā)電機輸出電壓的穩(wěn)定。 最后，本文設(shè)計并研制了一臺無刷電勵磁同步電機勵磁控制系統(tǒng)，包括勵磁控制器的硬件結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計和控制核心的軟件編寫。勵磁控制系統(tǒng)利用微控制器的硬件PWM信號和離散式數(shù)字PI算法以閉環(huán)控制的方法對無刷電勵磁同步電機的勵磁電流進行了精確的控制，對本文所提出的勵磁控制策略的有效性進行了驗證。
[Abstract]:Brushless excitation synchronous motor is a new type of motor proposed in recent years. In addition to the advantages of constant speed, adjustable power factor and high efficiency of conventional electric excitation synchronous motor, it also has brushless sliding ring structure and low maintenance cost. Because of its high reliability, it is especially suitable for applications such as flammable and explosive power generation and wind power generation. There are two sets of winding with different poles on the stator of this kind of motor, one is 2p pole three-phase armature winding, which is directly connected to the power grid; The other is the 2Q DC excitation winding, which provides the excitation current for the motor, and the rotor is the magnetic barrier cage type hybrid rotor. Due to the late development of this kind of motor, there is no excitation control system that can cooperate with the motor at present. In order to give full play to the best performance of brushless excitation synchronous motor, an excitation control system for brushless excitation synchronous motor is designed and developed in this paper. Firstly, this paper studies the working mechanism of brushless excitation synchronous motor, and introduces the special structure and working mode of the motor. And compared with the traditional rotary rectifier brushless excitation synchronous motor, the purpose and significance of the research are clarified. Secondly, the finite element analysis model of brushless excitation synchronous motor is established by using the finite element simulation analysis software Ansoft Maxwell, and the control system simulation model is established by using the multi-domain simulation analysis software Simplorer. The finite element model is introduced into Simplorer for joint simulation. The working state of variable load constant generator terminal voltage is simulated and analyzed by the method of field circuit combination. The problems found in the simulation are pointed out. In this paper, the circuit structure of excitation control system is optimized and the performance of controller is improved. Thirdly, according to the demand of brushless excitation synchronous motor for excitation control system, this paper puts forward excitation current control strategy for different working conditions. The excitation control system automatically determines when to pull the motor into synchronization according to the motor speed, and adjusts the motor power factor by adjusting the excitation current. The excitation control system uses a double closed loop control algorithm to keep the terminal voltage of the generator near a given value. When the load of the generator changes, the excitation control system quickly adjusts the magnitude of the excitation current to cope with this change. Maximum guarantee generator output voltage stability. Finally, an excitation control system for brushless synchronous motor is designed and developed. The excitation control system uses the hardware PWM signal of the microcontroller and the discrete digital Pi algorithm to control the brushless excitation synchronous motor by the closed loop control method. The excitation current is controlled accurately, The effectiveness of the excitation control strategy proposed in this paper is verified.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：沈陽工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TM341

【參考文獻】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 解侖,孫一康,王志良,魯億方,杜滄,申祥源;自級聯(lián)式感應(yīng)電動機控制系統(tǒng)的研制[J];北京科技大學(xué)學(xué)報;2002年06期

2 黃小鋒;;PID在發(fā)電機勵磁控制系統(tǒng)中的應(yīng)用[J];電工技術(shù);2007年09期

3 湯洪海;李春文;戎袁杰;;基于Lyapunov函數(shù)的非線性勵磁控制器設(shè)計[J];電氣應(yīng)用;2007年08期

4 錢建平;向鐵元;;同步發(fā)電機光控無刷勵磁系統(tǒng)的研究[J];電機技術(shù);2006年03期

5 黃從武,陳少昌;同步發(fā)電機神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)勵磁控制的仿真研究[J];電機與控制學(xué)報;2000年04期

6 馮偉江;陳珩;;電力系統(tǒng)鎮(zhèn)定器和強力式勵磁調(diào)節(jié)器參數(shù)優(yōu)化及性能比較[J];電力系統(tǒng)自動化;1990年04期

7 鄢圣茂,宋立忠,姚瓊薈;基于無源性的同步發(fā)電機勵磁控制[J];電力自動化設(shè)備;2005年10期

8 王崢;龔學(xué)會;王帆;;發(fā)電機勵磁控制系統(tǒng)故障診斷的神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)模型[J];高電壓技術(shù);2008年11期

9 許其品;楊銘;徐蓉;;汽輪發(fā)電機滅磁電阻選擇[J];電力系統(tǒng)自動化;2013年06期

10 崔召輝;劉憲林;王明東;于繼來;;灰色預(yù)測勵磁控制同步發(fā)電機動態(tài)過程仿真[J];繼電器;2007年06期

本文編號：1662884