本文選題：大型異步電動機　切入點：軟啟動　出處：《南京理工大學》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：交流異步電動機結構緊湊簡單、運轉高效可靠、維保經濟方便,因而在電力拖動系統(tǒng)中得到了廣泛的應用。作為工業(yè)生產中最為重要的驅動執(zhí)行裝置,其控制方式一向受到高度的重視。傳統(tǒng)的啟動方式,如：定子串電阻啟動、Y-△啟動、磁控式降壓啟動、自耦變壓器啟動等,存在啟動電流與機械轉矩沖擊過大、綜合性能與實用性不佳的問題。針對以上問題,論文設計并實現了大型異步電動機智能軟啟動裝置,主要內容如下： 首先,論文介紹了電機軟啟動的原理,并對軟啟動裝置的控制核心和晶閘管進行選型；對軟啟動主電路拓撲、上位機系統(tǒng)和軟啟動系統(tǒng)總體結構進行了選擇和設計。 其次,選定軟啟動控制算法：在Matlab軟件環(huán)境下,通過仿真獲得軟啟動神經網絡控制算法訓練樣本,并以同樣的訓練樣本分別對BP與RBF神經網絡算法進行訓練,通過仿真結果選定啟動算法。 再次,對軟啟動裝置電路進行設計：分別對晶閘管調壓與觸發(fā)環(huán)節(jié)電路、電壓同步檢測環(huán)節(jié)電路、電壓與電流檢測環(huán)節(jié)電路、電機轉速測量環(huán)節(jié)電路進行設計和仿真,并對軟啟動裝置進行總體仿真。 然后,對DSP控制模塊進行設計與制作：分別對DSP控制模塊核心板、底板PCB進行設計,采用Ansoft Designer軟件對核心板PCB手工布線前后的電磁兼容性能進行仿真分析,并完成底板PCB的硬件制作。 最后,對上位機界面進行設計：應用LabVIEW軟件對登陸界面、目錄與串口設置界面、工作狀態(tài)與軟啟動控制界面、歷史數據查詢與波形讀取界面等共七個界面進行設計。 綜上所述：通過以上幾個部分的設計,完成大型異步電動機智能軟啟動裝置的設計與實現,為大型異步電動機的啟動控制提供了參考。
[Abstract]:The AC asynchronous motor has been widely used in electric drive system because of its compact structure, high efficiency and reliability, convenient maintenance and economical maintenance, which is the most important driving and executing device in industrial production. The traditional startup methods, such as stator series resistance startup, magnetically controlled step-down startup, autotransformer startup, etc., have high starting current and mechanical torque impact. Aiming at the above problems, the paper designs and implements the intelligent soft start device of large asynchronous motor, the main contents are as follows:. Firstly, the paper introduces the principle of soft start of motor, and selects the control core and thyristor of soft start device, and selects and designs the topology of main circuit of soft start, the overall structure of upper computer system and soft start system. Secondly, the soft start control algorithm is selected: under the Matlab software environment, the training sample of soft start neural network control algorithm is obtained by simulation, and the BP and RBF neural network algorithms are trained with the same training sample. The startup algorithm is selected by simulation results. Thirdly, the circuit of soft start device is designed: the circuit of thyristor voltage regulation and trigger, the circuit of voltage synchronous detection, the circuit of voltage and current detection, the circuit of measuring motor speed are designed and simulated, respectively. And the soft start device is simulated as a whole. Then, the DSP control module is designed and fabricated: the core board and the bottom board PCB of the DSP control module are designed, and the EMC performance of the core board PCB before and after the manual wiring is simulated and analyzed by Ansoft Designer software. And complete the bottom PCB hardware production. Finally, the upper computer interface is designed: LabVIEW software is used to design seven interfaces, such as landing interface, directory and serial port setting interface, working state and soft start control interface, historical data query and waveform reading interface. To sum up: through the design of the above several parts, the design and implementation of intelligent soft start device for large asynchronous motor are completed, which provides a reference for the starting control of large asynchronous motor.
【學位授予單位】：南京理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TM343

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