本文選題：直驅(qū)式風(fēng)力發(fā)電　切入點(diǎn)：直流降壓-升壓變換器　出處：《西華大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：直驅(qū)式永磁同步發(fā)電系統(tǒng)因噪聲低、系統(tǒng)損耗低、可靠性高、系統(tǒng)運(yùn)行效率高等優(yōu)點(diǎn),已成為大功率變速恒頻風(fēng)力發(fā)電領(lǐng)域的重要發(fā)展方向。而被動整流器+DC-DC電路+PWM(Pulse Width Modulate)逆變器的拓?fù)浣Y(jié)構(gòu)是其主要拓?fù)浣Y(jié)構(gòu)之一,該結(jié)構(gòu)簡單、可靠性高、控制算法復(fù)雜程度適中,具有較高的實(shí)用價值。本文以此結(jié)構(gòu)為研究平臺,著重研究在并網(wǎng)情況下如何實(shí)現(xiàn)最大功率跟蹤控制,分別研究采用機(jī)側(cè)變流器控制發(fā)電機(jī)定子電流和采用網(wǎng)側(cè)變流器控制并網(wǎng)功率實(shí)現(xiàn)最大功率跟蹤控制,并給出了控制策略。 首先,研究了并網(wǎng)型直驅(qū)式永磁同步發(fā)電系統(tǒng)的工作原理及各組成部分的功能。詳細(xì)分析了風(fēng)力機(jī)的特性,建立了永磁同步發(fā)電機(jī)的數(shù)學(xué)模型,并對全功率變流器的控制結(jié)構(gòu)作了簡要介紹。 其次,研究了全功率變流器的數(shù)學(xué)模型。針對機(jī)側(cè)變換器,詳細(xì)分析了三相橋式不控整流電路和Buck-Boost(降壓—升壓)電路輸入電流、電壓及輸出電流、電壓的變化情況；建立了并網(wǎng)逆變器在三相靜止坐標(biāo)系下的數(shù)學(xué)模型,根據(jù)坐標(biāo)變換推導(dǎo)出并網(wǎng)逆變器在兩相同步旋轉(zhuǎn)坐標(biāo)系下的數(shù)學(xué)模型。 第三,針對采用機(jī)側(cè)變換器實(shí)現(xiàn)最大功率點(diǎn)跟蹤的控制方案,研究了機(jī)側(cè)最大功率跟蹤控制策略,包括最大功率跟蹤控制和并網(wǎng)控制。簡要分析了最大功率點(diǎn)跟蹤的基本原理,研究了基于最佳電流的最大功率跟蹤控制方法；研究了網(wǎng)側(cè)PWM逆變器的直接電流解耦控制策略,對電流內(nèi)環(huán)與電壓外環(huán)分別建立了傳遞函數(shù),并給出了控制結(jié)構(gòu)中PI控制器參數(shù)的整定方法。 第四,針對采用網(wǎng)側(cè)逆變器實(shí)現(xiàn)最大功率點(diǎn)跟蹤的控制方案,研究了網(wǎng)側(cè)最大功率跟蹤控制策略。詳細(xì)分析了網(wǎng)側(cè)最大功率點(diǎn)跟蹤控制原理,以并網(wǎng)功率參考值為輸入量,研究了網(wǎng)側(cè)PWM逆變器的直接功率解耦控制策略；與機(jī)側(cè)最大功率跟蹤控制系統(tǒng)相比,該控制系統(tǒng)省去了電壓內(nèi)環(huán),結(jié)構(gòu)簡單,更容易實(shí)現(xiàn)。 最后,通過Matlab/Simulink建立并網(wǎng)直驅(qū)式永磁同步發(fā)電系統(tǒng)的仿真平臺,分別建立了機(jī)側(cè)最大功率跟蹤控制系統(tǒng)和網(wǎng)側(cè)最大功率跟蹤控制系統(tǒng),驗(yàn)證了上述兩種控制系統(tǒng)的正確性和有效性,仿真結(jié)果表明,在最大功率跟蹤的效率及跟蹤速度方面具有相同的性能,但是網(wǎng)側(cè)最大功率跟蹤控制中直流母線電壓更穩(wěn)定,波動更小
[Abstract]:The direct-drive PMSG system has the advantages of low noise, low system loss, high reliability and high operating efficiency. It has become an important development direction in the field of high power variable speed constant frequency wind power generation, and the topology of passive rectifier DC-DC circuit PWM(Pulse Width modulator is one of its main topologies, which is simple and reliable. The control algorithm is of moderate complexity and has high practical value. Based on this structure, this paper focuses on how to realize the maximum power tracking control under the condition of grid-connected. The control of generator stator current by machine side converter and the control of grid-connected power by grid-side converter are studied respectively, and the control strategy is given. First of all, the working principle and the functions of each component of the grid-connected direct-drive PMSG system are studied. The characteristics of the wind turbine are analyzed in detail, and the mathematical model of the PMSG is established. The control structure of full power converter is introduced briefly. Secondly, the mathematical model of full power converter is studied. The variation of input current, voltage, output current and voltage of three-phase bridge type uncontrolled rectifier circuit and Buck-Boost-boost circuit are analyzed in detail. The mathematical model of grid-connected inverter in three-phase stationary coordinate system is established, and the mathematical model of grid-connected inverter in two-phase synchronous rotating coordinate system is derived according to coordinate transformation. Thirdly, aiming at the control scheme of maximum power point tracking using machine side converter, the control strategy of machine side maximum power tracking is studied. The basic principle of maximum power point tracking is briefly analyzed, the maximum power tracking control method based on optimal current is studied, and the direct current decoupling control strategy of grid-side PWM inverter is studied. The transfer function is established for the inner current loop and the voltage outer loop, and the tuning method of Pi controller parameters in the control structure is given. Fourthly, aiming at the control scheme of maximum power point tracking using grid-side inverter, the control strategy of maximum power tracking is studied. The principle of maximum power point tracking is analyzed in detail, and the reference value of grid-connected power is taken as input. The direct power decoupling control strategy of the grid-side PWM inverter is studied. Compared with the maximum power tracking control system on the machine side, the control system saves the voltage inner loop, and is simpler in structure and easier to realize. Finally, the simulation platform of grid-connected direct-drive PMSG system is established by Matlab/Simulink, and the maximum power tracking control system on the machine side and the maximum power tracking control system on the grid-side are established, respectively. The correctness and effectiveness of the two control systems are verified. The simulation results show that the efficiency and tracking speed of the maximum power tracking are the same, but the DC bus voltage is more stable in the maximum power tracking control on the grid side. Less volatility.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西華大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TM614

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