發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-03-21 01:53

  本文選題：相位差　切入點(diǎn)：相位同步檢測　出處：《西安電子科技大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：隨著現(xiàn)代高新技術(shù)的發(fā)展,精密時(shí)間相位同步技術(shù)在衛(wèi)星導(dǎo)航定位、網(wǎng)絡(luò)通訊同步、軍事以及國防等領(lǐng)域發(fā)揮著重大作用,而高精度的相位測量技術(shù)作為實(shí)現(xiàn)精確時(shí)間相位同步的前提不但成為國內(nèi)外研究的熱點(diǎn),并且對(duì)其它高新科技領(lǐng)域的快速發(fā)展有著巨大的推動(dòng)力。目前國內(nèi)相位測量技術(shù)和歐美國家還存在一定的差距,為了在這些技術(shù)領(lǐng)域縮小與發(fā)達(dá)國家之間的差距實(shí)現(xiàn)技術(shù)突破,對(duì)于全新的測量理論以及高精度測量方法的研究十分必要。本文開始講述了幾種早期常用的幾種相位差測量途徑并分析其方法原理。接下來通過數(shù)學(xué)推導(dǎo)以及波形比對(duì)的方法對(duì)時(shí)頻信號(hào)之間的相位變化規(guī)律做了細(xì)致的分析、研究,在任意頻率關(guān)系信號(hào)之間的相位關(guān)系方面探索了群周期、群相位差、最小相移分辨率等特性,群相位理論的運(yùn)用使得任意頻率標(biāo)稱值信號(hào)間的相互比對(duì)成為現(xiàn)實(shí),并且對(duì)時(shí)頻信號(hào)的測量精度有很大提升。在群相位理論基礎(chǔ)上,根據(jù)在頻率信號(hào)測量實(shí)驗(yàn)中出現(xiàn)的測量系統(tǒng)分辨率遠(yuǎn)高于測量器件本身分辨率的現(xiàn)象探索了測量中的邊沿效應(yīng)現(xiàn)象。由于測量器件有限的分辨率,使用傳統(tǒng)的相位測量方法很難完成高精度的測量,通過對(duì)邊沿效應(yīng)理論的研究,研究出了一種頻率信號(hào)之間的高分辨率相位互比方法,通過這種方法,在器件本身測量分辨率不變的情況下實(shí)現(xiàn)測量系統(tǒng)精度的大幅度提高。最后將邊沿效應(yīng)概念運(yùn)用到相位差的測量方法中,提出了引入中介源的相位差測量方案,通過頻率可調(diào)的中介源信號(hào)分別與兩路同頻被測信號(hào)進(jìn)行互比,實(shí)現(xiàn)了信號(hào)間的嚴(yán)格同步,基本上消除了計(jì)數(shù)過程中存在的量化誤差;克服了現(xiàn)有技術(shù)中體積較大、成本較高、時(shí)頻域轉(zhuǎn)換復(fù)雜等缺點(diǎn),簡化了測量電路、降低了制造成本,有效地提升了設(shè)備測量精度。本文通過單片機(jī)與FPGA聯(lián)合開發(fā)相位差測量系統(tǒng),文中詳細(xì)介紹了系統(tǒng)中各模塊的功能以及設(shè)計(jì)原理,之后給出了測量系統(tǒng)的硬件電路設(shè)計(jì)以及電磁兼容設(shè)計(jì)原理,通過對(duì)測量數(shù)據(jù)的分析發(fā)現(xiàn)誤差來源以及測量系統(tǒng)存在的不足之處。
[Abstract]:With the development of modern high and new technology, precise time phase synchronization technology plays an important role in satellite navigation and positioning, network communication synchronization, military and national defense, etc. The high precision phase measurement technology is not only the hot spot of domestic and foreign research, but also the premise of realizing accurate time phase synchronization. And it has a huge impetus for the rapid development of other high-tech fields. At present, there is still a certain gap between the domestic phase measurement technology and the European and American countries. In order to narrow the gap between these technical fields and the developed countries, we can achieve a technological breakthrough. It is necessary to study new measurement theory and high precision measurement method. This paper begins to describe several early commonly used methods of phase difference measurement and analyze their principles. Then, through mathematical derivation and wave analysis. The method of shape comparison makes a detailed analysis on the law of phase change between time-frequency signals. In the aspect of phase relation between signals of arbitrary frequency relation, the characteristics of group period, group phase difference, minimum phase shift resolution and so on are explored. The application of group phase theory makes the comparison between signals of arbitrary frequency nominal value become a reality. And the measurement accuracy of time-frequency signal is greatly improved. Based on the phenomenon that the resolution of the measurement system is far higher than the resolution of the measuring device itself in the frequency signal measurement experiment, the effect of the edge effect in the measurement is explored. Because of the limited resolution of the measuring device, It is very difficult to accomplish high precision measurement by using traditional phase measurement method. By studying the theory of edge effect, a method of high resolution phase ratio between frequency signals is developed. The precision of the measurement system is greatly improved under the condition that the measuring resolution of the device itself is not changed. Finally, the concept of edge effect is applied to the measurement method of phase difference, and a phase difference measurement scheme with intermediate source is proposed. By comparing the frequency adjustable intermediate source signal with the two same frequency measured signals, the strict synchronization between the signals is realized, the quantization error in the counting process is basically eliminated, and the large volume and high cost of the existing technology are overcome. Because of the complexity of time-frequency domain conversion, the measurement circuit is simplified, the manufacturing cost is reduced, and the measuring precision of the equipment is improved effectively. The phase difference measurement system is developed by using single chip microcomputer and FPGA. In this paper, the function and design principle of each module in the system are introduced in detail, and then the hardware circuit design and electromagnetic compatibility design principle of the measurement system are given. Through the analysis of the measurement data, the source of the error and the shortcomings of the measurement system are found.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西安電子科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TM933.312

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