本文選題：永磁同步電機　切入點：電磁振動　出處：《哈爾濱工業(yè)大學》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：永磁同步電機的振動與噪聲是制約電機性能的一項重要指標。對于小型的永磁同步電機，定轉子之間的電磁力是引起電機電磁振動的主要原因。定轉子之間的電磁力可分解為徑向電磁力和切向電磁力，切向電磁力主要產生轉矩，而徑向電磁力會引起電機的振動，也是本文研究的主要方向。 本文首先對振動與噪聲的相關理論基礎進行了研究。對多自由度系統(tǒng)的機械振動進行了數學建模，推導了考慮非線性阻尼情況下多自由度系統(tǒng)的復模態(tài)理論，，建立了理想流體介質中聲波的波動方程。為研究永磁同步電機高頻電磁振動與噪聲問題奠定了基礎，也為相關計算和有限元仿真提供了理論支撐。 其次，針對永磁同步電機定子齒內表面受到的徑向電磁力進行了研究。徑向電磁力是引起電機電磁振動的主要激勵源，本文從永磁同步電機的氣隙磁場入手，利用麥克斯韋應力方程得到了定子齒內表面單位面積上受到的徑向電磁力波。解析分析了空載、正弦電流供電以及變頻器供電時徑向電磁力波的時間諧波和空間諧波成分，確定了主要諧波的頻率。進一步對空載、正弦電流供電以及變頻器供電時電機的氣隙磁場和徑向電磁力進行了有限元仿真分析，驗證了解析分析的正確性。 再次，研究了永磁同步電機各部分結構對定子鐵芯結構模態(tài)的影響。給出了計算定子鐵芯結構模態(tài)的單環(huán)型機電類比法。將定子鐵芯和繞組作為各向異性的復合材料考慮，確定了其各方向的結構屬性參數。分別建立了電機定子鐵芯、帶繞組鐵芯、加入機殼和端蓋的定子系統(tǒng)以及整機等多個三維結構模型，利用ANSYS進行了有限元模態(tài)分析，研究了電機各部分對定子結構模態(tài)的影響，得到了模態(tài)振型以及相應的模態(tài)頻率，為研究電機的受力振動提供了參考和依據。 最后，建立了電機定子系統(tǒng)的瞬態(tài)動力學分析模型，采用電磁與結構弱耦合的方式進行加載分析，研究了電機在徑向電磁力作用下的振動與噪聲。分別計算了正弦電流供電和變頻器供電兩種工況下的電機振動情況，得到了電機各部分的振動位移，分析了振動的頻率成分。通過對比固定頻率調制和正弦波周期頻率調制兩種控制方式下電機的振動和噪聲輻射情況，證明了周期頻率調制控制方式對抑制電機高頻電磁振動和噪聲的有效性。
[Abstract]:The vibration and noise of permanent magnet synchronous motor is an important index to control the motor performance. For small permanent magnet synchronous motor, the electromagnetic force between the stator and the rotor is mainly caused by the electromagnetic vibration motor. The electromagnetic force between the stator and the rotor can be decomposed into radial electromagnetic force and tangential electromagnetic force, tangential electromagnetic force torque, vibration and radial electromagnetic force will cause the motor, but also the main direction of this study.
This paper studied on the vibration and noise of the relevant theoretical basis. The mechanical vibration of multi degree of freedom system of mathematical modeling, considering the complex modal theory of multi degree of freedom nonlinear damping system under the condition of a wave equation in the ideal fluid medium acoustic process. Laid the foundation for the research on the problems of vibration and noise high frequency electromagnetic permanent magnet synchronous motor, but also provides theoretical support for related calculation and finite Yuan Fangzhen.
Secondly, for permanent magnet synchronous motor radial electromagnetic force is the inner surface of the stator teeth were studied. The radial electromagnetic force is mainly caused by the excitation of electromagnetic vibration motor, this paper from the air gap magnetic field of permanent magnet synchronous motor starting, using the Maxwell stress equation of radial electromagnetic force wave by the stator surface per unit area.. the analysis of no-load, sinusoidal current inverter power supply and the radial electromagnetic force wave time and space harmonics components, determine the main harmonic frequency. The no-load, sinusoidal current power supply and power supply frequency converter motor air gap magnetic field and radial electromagnetic force are analyzed to verify the finite element simulation. Analytical analysis.
Thirdly, study the effects of permanent magnet synchronous motor structure of each part of stator core structure. Modal calculation of single ring type electromechanical analogy method modal stator iron core structure is given. The stator core and windings are considered as anisotropic composite materials, determine the parameters of the structure in each direction of stator core are established respectively. With the stator winding iron core, and the whole system, adding a shell and an end cover of the multiple 3D structure model, the finite element modal analysis using ANSYS, the various parts of the motor stator structure influence on modal, the modal shapes and modal frequency of the corresponding, to provide reference and basis for the vibration stress study on the motor.
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本文編號：1641728