本文選題：風(fēng)力發(fā)電　切入點(diǎn)：變流器　出處：《重慶大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：隨著大規(guī)模風(fēng)電場(chǎng)廣泛地投入應(yīng)用，機(jī)組的可靠性問題也越來越受到人們的重視。變流器作為機(jī)組的核心部件，其運(yùn)行功率波動(dòng)性大，可靠性遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)低于一般工業(yè)用變流器的可靠性水平。作為電力電子設(shè)備，變流器主要功率器件的結(jié)溫隨風(fēng)速連續(xù)波動(dòng)，是造成變流器故障率高的根本原因。本文以直驅(qū)永磁同步風(fēng)電機(jī)組中的全功率變流器為研究對(duì)象，重點(diǎn)研究不同風(fēng)速下功率器件結(jié)溫波動(dòng)的特點(diǎn)，不同結(jié)溫波動(dòng)的變化時(shí)間尺度，以及最大風(fēng)能跟蹤控制方式下，機(jī)組暫態(tài)過渡時(shí)間對(duì)風(fēng)速采樣時(shí)間間隔的影響。最后，提出計(jì)及不同時(shí)間尺度的離線風(fēng)電變流器可靠性評(píng)估模型，并分析了運(yùn)行、設(shè)計(jì)參數(shù)對(duì)可靠性的影響。 本文的研究?jī)?nèi)容包括以下幾個(gè)部分： ①根據(jù)結(jié)溫功率損耗計(jì)算公式和熱網(wǎng)絡(luò)模型，基于Matlab/Simulink平臺(tái)，搭建了風(fēng)電變流器功率模塊的結(jié)溫仿真模型，并對(duì)不同風(fēng)速下功率模塊的結(jié)溫波動(dòng)特點(diǎn)進(jìn)行分析。首先，分析了恒定風(fēng)速運(yùn)行下，功率模塊結(jié)溫平均值和結(jié)溫波動(dòng)幅度的變化特點(diǎn)；其次，分析了變風(fēng)速運(yùn)行下，陣風(fēng)、漸變風(fēng)以及噪聲風(fēng)對(duì)結(jié)溫波動(dòng)的影響，總結(jié)出風(fēng)速變化持續(xù)時(shí)間與結(jié)溫波動(dòng)的關(guān)系；最后，分析了隨機(jī)風(fēng)速運(yùn)行下，結(jié)溫的波動(dòng)特點(diǎn)，為基于結(jié)溫變化特性分析，提出變流器可靠性模型奠定基礎(chǔ)。 ②針對(duì)變風(fēng)速下長(zhǎng)時(shí)間尺度的結(jié)溫平均值波動(dòng)，通過對(duì)機(jī)組的暫態(tài)變化特性進(jìn)行分析，提出風(fēng)速采樣時(shí)間間隔的選擇依據(jù)。首先，將結(jié)溫采樣點(diǎn)評(píng)估結(jié)果和仿真結(jié)果進(jìn)行對(duì)比，說明風(fēng)速采樣點(diǎn)時(shí)間間隔選擇的重要性；其次，通過推導(dǎo)風(fēng)速突變后，機(jī)組最大風(fēng)能捕獲控制方式下的暫態(tài)過渡時(shí)間，提出對(duì)結(jié)溫平均值波動(dòng)信息進(jìn)行采樣點(diǎn)評(píng)估時(shí)，風(fēng)速采樣時(shí)間間隔選擇的依據(jù)。最后，以某廠家實(shí)際風(fēng)電機(jī)組為例，計(jì)算了風(fēng)速采樣時(shí)間間隔與風(fēng)速的關(guān)系。 ③針對(duì)不同時(shí)間尺度下結(jié)溫波動(dòng)的特點(diǎn)，采用不同方法對(duì)各結(jié)溫波動(dòng)影響下的變流器故障率進(jìn)行計(jì)算，提出計(jì)及不同時(shí)間尺度的變流器可靠性評(píng)估模型。首先，在建立長(zhǎng)時(shí)間尺度下故障率計(jì)算模型時(shí)，對(duì)變流器運(yùn)行狀態(tài)進(jìn)行二維劃分，并采用雨流計(jì)數(shù)法提取器件的溫度循環(huán)信息。其次，在建立短時(shí)間尺度下故障率計(jì)算模型時(shí)，根據(jù)功率循環(huán)壽命曲線，，采用線性疲勞累積計(jì)算模型。最后，考慮兩種時(shí)間尺度下的故障率，提出計(jì)及不同時(shí)間尺度的風(fēng)電變流器可靠性評(píng)估模型。并采用該離線評(píng)估方法分析了風(fēng)電機(jī)組的運(yùn)行、設(shè)計(jì)參數(shù)對(duì)變流器故障率的影響。 上述研究中，考慮結(jié)溫波動(dòng)不同時(shí)間特性，提出計(jì)及不同時(shí)間尺度的風(fēng)電變流器可靠性評(píng)估模型，為根據(jù)實(shí)測(cè)風(fēng)速對(duì)變流器進(jìn)行較準(zhǔn)確的可靠性評(píng)估及設(shè)計(jì)提供了參考依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:With the wide application of large-scale wind farms, more and more attention has been paid to the reliability of the units. As the core components of the units, the operating power of converters fluctuates greatly. The reliability of the converter is much lower than that of the general industrial converter. As a power electronic device, the junction temperature of the main power device of the converter fluctuates continuously with the wind speed. This paper focuses on the characteristics of junction temperature fluctuation of power devices in direct drive permanent magnet synchronous wind turbine. The influence of transient transition time of unit on the sampling interval of wind speed under different time scales of temperature fluctuation and maximum wind energy tracking control. An off-line wind converter reliability evaluation model with different time scales is proposed and the influence of operation and design parameters on reliability is analyzed. The research content of this paper includes the following parts:. 1 according to the calculation formula of junction temperature power loss and thermal network model, based on Matlab/Simulink platform, the simulation model of junction temperature of wind converter power module is built, and the characteristics of junction temperature fluctuation of power module under different wind speed are analyzed. The characteristics of the average value of junction temperature and the fluctuation amplitude of junction temperature under constant wind speed are analyzed. Secondly, the effects of gust, gradual wind and noise wind on junction temperature fluctuation under variable wind speed are analyzed. The relationship between the duration of wind speed change and junction temperature fluctuation is summarized. Finally, the characteristics of junction temperature fluctuation under random wind speed operation are analyzed, which lays a foundation for the reliability model of converter based on the analysis of junction temperature variation characteristics. 2 according to the fluctuation of the average value of junction temperature in a long time scale under variable wind speed, by analyzing the transient variation characteristics of the unit, the selection basis of sampling time interval of wind speed is put forward. Firstly, the evaluation results of the sampling points of junction temperature are compared with the simulation results. Secondly, by deducing the transient transition time of the maximum wind energy capture control mode after the wind speed abrupt change, the paper puts forward the evaluation of sampling point for the fluctuation information of the mean value of the junction temperature. Finally, the relationship between the sampling time interval and the wind speed is calculated by taking the actual wind turbine in a factory as an example. According to the characteristics of junction temperature fluctuation in different time scales, different methods are used to calculate the failure rate of converter under the influence of different junction temperature fluctuations, and a reliability evaluation model of converter considering different time scales is proposed. When the failure rate calculation model is established for a long time scale, the operating state of the converter is divided into two dimensions, and the temperature cycle information of the device is extracted by the rain flow counting method. Secondly, when the failure rate calculation model is established on a short time scale, According to the power cycle life curve, the linear fatigue cumulative calculation model is adopted. Finally, the failure rate under two time scales is considered. The reliability evaluation model of wind power converter considering different time scales is proposed. The off-line evaluation method is used to analyze the operation of wind turbine and the influence of design parameters on the failure rate of converter. In the above research, considering the different time characteristics of junction temperature fluctuation, a reliability evaluation model of wind power converter considering different time scales is proposed, which provides a reference for the reliability evaluation and design of converter according to the measured wind speed.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：重慶大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TM46

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