本文選題：微生物燃料電池　切入點：產(chǎn)電　出處：《太原理工大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：當(dāng)今世界,能源的大量消耗所引起的全球性能源危機以及伴隨著能源消耗所帶來的環(huán)境問題,都激勵著人們?nèi)ふ�、探求可再生的環(huán)境友好型能源利用新技術(shù)。把大量生活廢水中有價值的能源利用回收,已成環(huán)境化學(xué)領(lǐng)域研究一個重要課題。微生物燃料電池(MFC)是一種能將化學(xué)能轉(zhuǎn)化為電能新型電化學(xué)反應(yīng)裝置。MFC涉及生物學(xué)、電化學(xué)和環(huán)境學(xué)等多個學(xué)科領(lǐng)域,屬于交叉學(xué)科。MFC以產(chǎn)電微生物做催化劑,將物質(zhì)中所蘊含的化學(xué)能轉(zhuǎn)化為電能,它具有綠色環(huán)保、操作安全、容易控制、原料來源廣泛等諸多優(yōu)點。MFC在處理生活污水上的應(yīng)用,能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)處理廢水和產(chǎn)生電能的統(tǒng)一結(jié)合,有望改變現(xiàn)有高成本處理生活廢水的現(xiàn)狀。其應(yīng)用前景極為廣闊,但也面臨極大挑戰(zhàn)�，F(xiàn)如今,MFC的研究尚處在實驗室發(fā)展階段,有很多技術(shù)問題需要解決,也有很多理論研究需要進一步完善。 本論文使用雙室MFC反應(yīng)裝置,以生活污水處理廠AAO工藝中缺氧池厭氧污泥做細(xì)菌接種源,通過對MFC在線馴化,運用交流阻抗、循環(huán)伏安等電化學(xué)測定方法,考察微生物燃料電池的產(chǎn)電性能。 (1)通過向電池陽極液中添加葡萄糖,使陽極液中葡萄糖濃度分別為1.00g/L、0.33g/L、0.25g/L、0.17g/L、0.10g/L,每個濃度條件為一個周期,電池共運行五個周期,考察葡萄糖濃度對MFC產(chǎn)電特性的影響。在一定范圍內(nèi),提高葡萄糖濃度有助于微生物的生長繁殖,加速成熟生物膜的形成,有利于提高電池電化學(xué)活性和電池產(chǎn)電能力。但濃度過高,會出現(xiàn)“飽和效應(yīng)”,無助于產(chǎn)電效率的提高。適合微生物生長繁殖的葡萄糖濃度對提高細(xì)菌電化學(xué)活性和電池產(chǎn)電性能作用明顯。細(xì)菌的產(chǎn)電活性高,有利于電子的傳導(dǎo),減小陽極過電位。在同一過電位時,葡萄糖濃度為0.33g/L時的電池電流密度最大。且葡萄糖濃度為0.33g/L時,電池具有最大的功率密度26.70mW/m2。葡萄糖濃度為1.00g/L、0.33g/L、0.25g/L、0.17g/L、0.10g/L時對應(yīng)的傳荷阻抗在陽極內(nèi)阻中所占比例分別為96.9%、95.6%、97.7%、99.3%、99.7%,說明電化學(xué)反應(yīng)的控制步驟為傳荷過程。 (2)考察體系溫度變化對MFC產(chǎn)電的影響。通過不同溫度下五個周期的運行,研究溫度對MFC產(chǎn)電特性的影響。各周期溫度分別為18℃、25℃.32℃、39、C、46℃,研究發(fā)現(xiàn),在一定溫度范圍內(nèi),溫度升高有利于細(xì)菌生長、繁殖,對馴化形成成熟產(chǎn)電生物膜和加快新陳代謝都有幫助,能有效提高菌群的電化學(xué)活性和產(chǎn)電能力。同時溫度對電解液的傳導(dǎo)率、離子的遷移速率及質(zhì)子在溶液中的傳質(zhì)等過程都有影響。溫度升高,電池中的離子遷移速率提高,電解液的傳導(dǎo)性增強,傳質(zhì)阻力和電解液阻力都下降,電荷在陰極的轉(zhuǎn)移速率也加快。溫度過低,細(xì)菌體內(nèi)酶的活性較低,新陳代謝緩慢；溫度過高,會使酶等蛋白質(zhì)失活,甚至?xí)斐杉?xì)菌的死亡,對電池體系的電能輸出不利。在這些因素的共同影響下,發(fā)現(xiàn)體系溫度在32℃時,生物膜的電化學(xué)活性最好,產(chǎn)電菌群的產(chǎn)電活性高,有利于電子的傳導(dǎo)。在同一電流密度下,體系溫度為32℃時的電池的陽極過電位最低。且此溫度下,電池有最大功率密度為156.2mW/m2。溫度分別保持在18℃、25℃、32℃、39℃和46℃時,所對應(yīng)的交換電流密度分別是1.67×10-6mA/m2、1.68×10-5mA/m2、8.02×10-5mA/m2.01×10-5mA/m2、2.20×10-6mA/m2。32℃時的電池的交換電流密度最大。
[Abstract]:In today's world, a large number of energy consumption caused by the global energy crisis and with environmental problems caused by the consumption of energy, encourage people to look for new technology, environmentally friendly renewable energy utilization. The search value has a large number of domestic wastewater in the use of energy recovery, has become an important research topic in environmental chemistry the field of microbial fuel cell (MFC) is a kind of can be converted into electrical energy.MFC model of electrochemical reaction device relates to biological chemical, electrochemical and environmental science and other disciplines, interdisciplinary.MFC in electricigens as catalyst, the chemical substances contained in the energy into electrical energy, it is green environmental protection, safe operation, easy control, wide source of raw materials and many other advantages of.MFC applied in treatment of urban sewage, wastewater treatment and electricity to achieve unity energy production, is expected to change The current situation of high cost treatment of domestic wastewater is very broad. But it is also facing great challenges. Now, the research of MFC is still in the stage of laboratory development, there are many technical problems to solve, and many theoretical studies need further improvement.
In this paper, a dual chamber MFC reactor was used to make bacterial inoculation source of anaerobic sludge and anaerobic sludge in AAO process of domestic sewage treatment plant. The electrochemical performance of microbial fuel cell was investigated by MFC on-line domestication, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and cyclic voltammetry.
(1) by adding glucose to the anode solution, the anode fluid glucose concentration were 1.00g/L, 0.33g/L, 0.25g/L, 0.17g/L, 0.10g/L, each concentration for a cycle, running a total of five cell cycles, glucose concentration on MFC production of electricity effect. In a certain range, improve the glucose concentration contribute to the growth of microbes, accelerates the formation of biofilm, improve battery electrochemical activity and electricity production capacity. But the concentration is too high, there will be a "saturation effect", is not conducive to the electricity production efficiency. The concentration of glucose for microbial growth and reproduction of bacteria significantly improve the electrochemical activity and MFC effect of electrocatalytic activity of bacteria is high, is conducive to electronic conduction, decreases the anodic overvoltage. At the same overpotential, the glucose concentration of the battery when the current density is 0.33g/L the most. And the glucose concentration Is 0.33g/L when the power density of 26.70mW/m2. glucose concentration is the biggest battery for 1.00g/L, 0.33g/L, 0.25g/L, 0.17g/L, 0.10g/L when the corresponding charge transfer impedance for the anode resistance in respectively 96.9%, 95.6%, 97.7%, 99.3%, 99.7%, concluded that the control step of the electrochemical reaction is charge transfer process.
(2) the effects of temperature change on the output power of MFC system. Through the different temperatures of five cycles of operation, to study the effect of temperature on power generation of MFC. The cycle temperature was 18 degrees, 25 degrees C.32, 39, C, 46 DEG C, the study found that in a certain temperature range, temperature rise to the bacterial growth and reproduction, the domestication of mature biofilm production has accelerated and help The new supersedes the old. can effectively improve the electrochemical activity, bacteria and electricity production. At the same time, temperature on the conductivity of electrolyte, have an effect on migration rate and proton ions in the solution of the mass transfer process. Temperature ion mobility in the cell increase, enhanced electrolyte conductivity, mass transfer resistance and electrolyte resistance decreased, the charge transfer rate also accelerated in the cathode. The temperature is too low, the bacterial enzyme activity in vivo is low, the temperature is too high, will slow The new supersedes the old.; enzyme etc. The inactivation of protein, and even cause the death of bacteria, the battery system power output disadvantage. Under the combined effect of these factors, find the system temperature at 32 DEG C, the best electrochemical activity of the biofilm, exoelectrogens electricity production activity is high, is conducive to electron transfer at the same current density. Under the system, the anode temperature is 32 DEG C when the battery over potential minimum. And this temperature, the battery has a maximum power density of 156.2mW/m2. temperature were maintained at 18 degrees, 25 degrees, 32 degrees, 39 degrees and 46 degrees, respectively, corresponding to the exchange current density is the biggest exchange current density of 1.67 * 10-6mA /m2,1.68 * 10-5mA/m2,8.02 * 10-5mA/m2.01 * 10-5mA/m2,2.20 * 10-6mA/m2.32 C battery.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：太原理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TM911.4

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本文編號：1609632