發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-02-28 22:01

  本文關(guān)鍵詞： 混合儲(chǔ)能系統(tǒng)(HESS) 粒子群優(yōu)化(PSO)算法 低通濾波算法 目標(biāo)功率 功率分配　出處：《浙江大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：隨著環(huán)境問題日益嚴(yán)重,世界各國(guó)對(duì)清潔能源、可再生能源發(fā)電的關(guān)注度也日益提高。近年來,我國(guó)風(fēng)能發(fā)電產(chǎn)業(yè)獲得了飛速的發(fā)展。然而,風(fēng)力發(fā)電具有隨機(jī)性和波動(dòng)性,所以風(fēng)電并網(wǎng)會(huì)對(duì)電網(wǎng)產(chǎn)生沖擊,一旦超出了電網(wǎng)的承受范圍,就會(huì)嚴(yán)重破壞電網(wǎng)的安全性和穩(wěn)定性。利用儲(chǔ)能技術(shù)能夠較好的平抑風(fēng)電波動(dòng),使輸出功率滿足一定指標(biāo)。近年來儲(chǔ)能技術(shù)也取得了飛速的發(fā)展,將幾種儲(chǔ)能技術(shù)組合起來,取長(zhǎng)補(bǔ)短,發(fā)揮各自優(yōu)勢(shì),能夠在提高功率輸出能力的同時(shí),延長(zhǎng)使用壽命,降低設(shè)備成本等。研究混合儲(chǔ)能系統(tǒng)(HESS)的功率分配問題,具有十分重要的意義。 本文主要研究以下內(nèi)容： (1)基于風(fēng)速預(yù)測(cè)計(jì)算風(fēng)電場(chǎng)平抑目標(biāo)功率。在能夠較精確的預(yù)測(cè)風(fēng)電場(chǎng)輸出功率的前提下,利用PSO算法或者其他優(yōu)化算法來尋求平抑目標(biāo)功率的最優(yōu)解,既能夠滿足兩個(gè)時(shí)間尺度的波動(dòng)指標(biāo),又考慮盡可能地接近預(yù)測(cè)功率從而降低對(duì)設(shè)備的需求。 (2)利用PSO算法配置混合儲(chǔ)能系統(tǒng)的輸出功率。平抑目標(biāo)功率和實(shí)際輸出功率的差值就是混合儲(chǔ)能系統(tǒng)的期望出力。由于蓄電池能量密度大的特性,優(yōu)先考慮蓄電池來平抑波動(dòng),蓄電池?zé)o法平抑的高頻波動(dòng),則由超級(jí)電容來平抑。根據(jù)蓄電池的基本特性,總結(jié)歸納出蓄電池工作狀態(tài)下的約束條件,從而計(jì)算出蓄電池期望功率的最優(yōu)解。還進(jìn)一步定義了蓄電池的充放電狀態(tài)方程和24小時(shí)內(nèi)的狀態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)換總量,并將其加到目標(biāo)函數(shù)中,從仿真結(jié)果能夠看到蓄電池的充放電轉(zhuǎn)換次數(shù)有明顯地減少,有效地延長(zhǎng)了蓄電池使用壽命。 (3)利用一種濾波系數(shù)可變的低通濾波算法來實(shí)時(shí)計(jì)算平抑目標(biāo)功率,再利用PSO算法實(shí)時(shí)分配超級(jí)電容和蓄電池的功率。為了延長(zhǎng)蓄電池壽命,同時(shí)減少環(huán)境污染,我們把超級(jí)電容作為優(yōu)先吸收或釋放能量的設(shè)備,在超級(jí)電容的容量不足時(shí),蓄電池也參與工作。在仿真中可以發(fā)現(xiàn)超級(jí)電容就可以完成大部分充放電任務(wù),蓄電池的使用率相對(duì)較低。這樣就可以減少儲(chǔ)能設(shè)備的負(fù)擔(dān),降低成本。而且,隨著超級(jí)電容的荷電狀態(tài)SOC的變化,功率分配策略也會(huì)有實(shí)時(shí)的調(diào)整。這樣讓超級(jí)電容和蓄電池協(xié)調(diào)工作,取長(zhǎng)補(bǔ)短,對(duì)于整個(gè)系統(tǒng)而言,既最大程度地發(fā)揮了設(shè)備的優(yōu)勢(shì),又提高了平抑質(zhì)量。
[Abstract]:With the increasingly serious environmental problems, countries in the world pay more and more attention to clean energy and renewable energy power generation. In recent years, wind power generation industry in China has made rapid development. However, wind power generation has randomness and volatility. Therefore, wind power grid connection will have an impact on the power grid. Once the wind power grid is beyond its bearing range, it will seriously damage the security and stability of the power grid. The use of energy storage technology can better calm the fluctuation of wind power. In recent years, energy storage technology has also made rapid development. Combining several energy storage technologies to complement each other and give full play to their respective advantages can improve the power output capacity and prolong the service life at the same time. It is of great significance to study the power allocation of hybrid energy storage system (HESS). The main contents of this paper are as follows:. Based on wind speed prediction, wind power is calculated. On the premise that wind farm output power can be accurately predicted, PSO algorithm or other optimization algorithms are used to find the optimal solution of stabilizing target power. It can not only satisfy the fluctuation index of two time scales, but also consider getting as close as possible to the predicted power so as to reduce the demand for equipment. PSO algorithm is used to configure the output power of the hybrid energy storage system. The difference between the target power and the actual output power is the expected output force of the hybrid energy storage system. Due to the high energy density of the battery, priority is given to the storage battery to stabilize the fluctuation. The high frequency fluctuation of the battery can not be calmed down by the super capacitor. According to the basic characteristics of the battery, the constraints under the working state of the battery are summarized and summarized. The state equation of charge and discharge and the total amount of state conversion within 24 hours are further defined and added to the objective function. From the simulation results, it can be seen that the battery charge and discharge conversion times are obviously reduced, and the battery service life is effectively prolonged. In order to prolong the battery life and reduce environmental pollution, a low pass filter algorithm with variable filter coefficient is used to calculate the power of the stabilized target in real time, and then the PSO algorithm is used to distribute the power of super capacitor and battery in real time. We use super capacitors as a priority device to absorb or release energy, and batteries work when the capacity of super capacitors is low. In the simulation, we can find that super capacitors can accomplish most of the charge and discharge tasks. Battery usage is relatively low. This reduces the load on energy storage equipment and reduces costs. And, as the charging state of the supercapacitor changes, The power allocation strategy will also be adjusted in real time so that the super capacitor and the battery can work harmoniously to complement each other. For the whole system the advantages of the equipment are maximized and the quality of stabilization is improved.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TM614

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本文編號(hào)：1549124