本文關(guān)鍵詞： 流體網(wǎng)絡(luò) 拓撲結(jié)構(gòu) 關(guān)聯(lián)矩陣 超臨界鍋爐 熱力計算 回轉(zhuǎn)式空預(yù)器 軟測量 神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò) 性能預(yù)測 軟件架構(gòu) 蒸汽溫度 吹灰優(yōu)化　出處：《浙江大學(xué)》2014年博士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：本文結(jié)合超臨界電站鍋爐性能分析平臺,采用流體網(wǎng)絡(luò)方法建立鍋爐熱力系統(tǒng)的一般數(shù)學(xué)模型,包括基于關(guān)聯(lián)矩陣描述的鍋爐熱力系統(tǒng)拓撲結(jié)構(gòu)和鍋爐換熱部件算法模型,并提出通用的模型求解算法。同時,提出了一種能夠解決帶有冷段和熱段的三分倉回轉(zhuǎn)式空氣預(yù)熱器傳熱計算方法,建立了傳熱模型并設(shè)計計算機程序和算法進行實現(xiàn)。針對部分電站鍋爐熱工參數(shù)不易測量的情況,采用軟測量方法對其進行間接測量,并結(jié)合鍋爐熱力系統(tǒng)機理模型,建立電站鍋爐的性能分析和在線預(yù)測系統(tǒng),實現(xiàn)對鍋爐機組的性能預(yù)測和控制。在系統(tǒng)實現(xiàn)技術(shù)上,采用基于瀏覽器／服務(wù)器的架構(gòu)模式,研發(fā)支持在線監(jiān)測的電站鍋爐性能分析與預(yù)測系統(tǒng),并應(yīng)用于鍋爐蒸汽溫度的預(yù)測和吹灰優(yōu)化之中。 論文主要研究內(nèi)容如下： 介紹了流體網(wǎng)絡(luò)的支路和節(jié)點的概念,給出了用圖論中的關(guān)聯(lián)矩陣、鄰接矩陣和回路矩陣表示流體網(wǎng)絡(luò)的方法。介紹了鍋爐的工作原理和組成結(jié)構(gòu),分析了鍋爐的熱力系統(tǒng),并用關(guān)聯(lián)矩陣和鄰接矩陣表示出了鍋爐熱力系統(tǒng)中煙氣流程、空氣流程和水流程的網(wǎng)絡(luò)拓撲結(jié)構(gòu)。 介紹了鍋爐熱力計算的理論基礎(chǔ),給出了煙氣流程、空氣流程、水流程之間和各流程內(nèi)部所滿足的質(zhì)量平衡方程、能量平衡方程、動量平衡方程,以及傳熱方程和熱量平衡方程。在此基礎(chǔ)上借用電網(wǎng)理論的基爾霍夫第一定律和基爾霍夫第二定律,建立起鍋爐熱力系統(tǒng)的數(shù)學(xué)模型,并給出了模型的求解方法。之后研究了三分倉回轉(zhuǎn)式空氣預(yù)熱器熱力計算的解析方法。 火電廠許多重要技術(shù)參數(shù)和經(jīng)濟參數(shù)難以進行在線測量,選取與之有關(guān)的且便于測量的參數(shù)作為輔助變量,基于鍋爐運行狀態(tài)監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)、機組運行歷史數(shù)據(jù)庫和煤質(zhì)在線監(jiān)測等系統(tǒng),采用機理方法或歷史數(shù)據(jù)建立軟測量模型,從而實現(xiàn)對不易直接測量的鍋爐熱工參數(shù)進行軟測量。在建立軟測量模型上,采用BP神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)建立基于歷史數(shù)據(jù)的軟測量模型對飛灰含碳量進行預(yù)測；對于受熱面的灰污熱阻,則主要采用機理分析的方法建立軟測量模型。將軟測量結(jié)果再次作為鍋爐熱力系統(tǒng)機理模型的輸入,從而建立鍋爐性能分析計算和預(yù)測模型。 論述基于流體網(wǎng)絡(luò)方法的鍋爐熱力系統(tǒng)的實現(xiàn)。先確定了鍋爐的整體技術(shù)方案和系統(tǒng)架構(gòu),介紹了系統(tǒng)的主要功能和關(guān)鍵技術(shù)。對超臨界鍋爐機組性能分析系統(tǒng)進行了應(yīng)用：利用所建立的鍋爐性能分析與預(yù)測系統(tǒng),對一臺超臨界電站鍋爐的性能進行預(yù)測計算,并根據(jù)預(yù)測值,實現(xiàn)蒸汽溫度的噴水減溫控制。提供了鍋爐積灰和結(jié)渣的監(jiān)測和診斷方法,分析了鍋爐積灰和吹灰的經(jīng)濟性,給出了最佳的吹灰周期,并采用模糊綜合評判方法對鍋爐的吹灰判定和吹灰順序進行了優(yōu)化。
[Abstract]:This paper combined with the supercritical power plant boiler performance analysis platform, the general mathematical model of boiler thermodynamic system with the fluid network method, including based on correlation matrix description of the boiler thermal system topology and boiler heat exchange component model, and put forward the general model algorithm. At the same time, put forward a kind of method to calculate the settlement with cold and the hot section of the three sectional regenerative air preheater, establishes a heat transfer model and computer program design and algorithm implementation. Aiming at the boiler thermal parameters is not easy to measure, the soft measurement method for indirect measurement of the model, and combined with the boiler thermal system mechanism, performance analysis and prediction system of power plant boiler online the performance, prediction and control of the boiler. In the realization of technology system, using the browser / server architecture based on Model The system is used to predict the steam temperature of the boiler and optimize the soot blower, which supports the on-line monitoring of the performance analysis and prediction of the boiler performance.
The main contents of this paper are as follows:
Introduces the concept of nodes and branches of fluid network, gives the correlation matrix in graph theory, adjacency matrix and loop matrix representation method of fluid network. This paper introduces the working principle and structure of the boiler, the boiler thermal system analysis, and using the correlation matrix and the adjacency matrix of the flue gas flow of boiler thermal system the air flow and water flow, the network topology structure.
Introduces the basic theory of the thermal calculation of boiler, flue gas flow, air flow and water flow are given, and the internal flow between the mass balance equation, energy balance equation, momentum balance equation and heat transfer equation and heat balance equation. Based on the theory of Kirchhoff's first law to borrow power and Kirchhoff's second law, mathematical model establish the boiler thermal system, and gives the method of solving the model. After the study of analytical method of three sectional regenerative air preheater thermal calculation.
Thermal power plant, many important technical and economic parameters are difficult to measure online, select related and easily measured parameters as auxiliary variables, the boiler operation condition monitoring system based on unit operation history database and coal quality online monitoring system, using the soft measurement modeling method and mechanism of historical data, so as to realize the soft measurement of is not easy to measure directly. The boiler thermal parameters in a soft measurement model, the soft measurement model of historical data to predict the carbon content of fly ash based on BP neural network; the heating surface fouling resistance, mainly by the mechanism analysis method to establish the soft measurement model. The soft measurement result again as a boiler the mechanism model of input, calculation and analysis so as to establish the prediction model of boiler performance.
The realization of the boiler thermal system based on fluid network method. To determine the boiler overall technical scheme and system architecture, introduces the main functions and key technologies of the system. The application of Supercritical Boiler Performance Analysis System: using the boiler performance analysis and forecast system, predict performance of a supercritical power station boiler, and according to the forecast, the water temperature of the steam temperature reducing control is provided. The monitoring and diagnosis methods of boiler ash and slag, analyzed the boiler ash and ash blowing, blowing cycle gives the best, and the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method for boiler blowing determination of ash and soot blowing sequence is optimized.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TM621.2

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