本文關(guān)鍵詞： 風(fēng)力機(jī)葉片 結(jié)冰監(jiān)測(cè) 壓電陶瓷 小波包能量 除冰技術(shù) 連續(xù)碳纖維　出處：《湖南大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類(lèi)型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：近年來(lái),為了滿(mǎn)足日益增長(zhǎng)的能源需求，風(fēng)電作為一種公認(rèn)的可再生能源在大多數(shù)發(fā)展中國(guó)家已經(jīng)得到了快速的發(fā)展。對(duì)風(fēng)電場(chǎng)建設(shè)方面的資金投入，也有了顯著的增長(zhǎng)。然而，安裝在寒冷地區(qū)或高海拔地區(qū)的風(fēng)機(jī)在冬季運(yùn)行時(shí)經(jīng)常遭遇結(jié)冰氣候。風(fēng)機(jī)葉片覆冰會(huì)顯著影響葉片的氣動(dòng)性能從而導(dǎo)致電力生產(chǎn)損失以及由于覆冰增加所產(chǎn)生的不對(duì)稱(chēng)荷載引發(fā)的機(jī)械故障，甚至可能導(dǎo)致停機(jī)。為保障安裝在寒冷地區(qū)的風(fēng)機(jī)冬季結(jié)冰氣候下正常運(yùn)行，本文提出了一種風(fēng)機(jī)葉片覆冰監(jiān)測(cè)方法和防冰除冰技術(shù)，并進(jìn)行相關(guān)試驗(yàn)研究。具體工作如下： （1）提出了一種基于壓電陶瓷技術(shù)的風(fēng)機(jī)葉片覆冰監(jiān)測(cè)方法，利用模型葉片上的壓電陶瓷作為驅(qū)動(dòng)器和傳感器進(jìn)行了在不同覆冰厚度下的覆冰監(jiān)測(cè)試驗(yàn)研究，，采用小波包能量分析方法對(duì)信號(hào)數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行分析。試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明：接收信號(hào)的小波包能量值隨結(jié)冰厚度的增加而降低。因此，根據(jù)小波包能量值的變化便可以實(shí)現(xiàn)被測(cè)結(jié)構(gòu)結(jié)冰監(jiān)測(cè)的目的。 （2）開(kāi)展碳纖維復(fù)合材料電阻穩(wěn)定性試驗(yàn)研究，從樹(shù)脂浸潤(rùn)及溫度變化兩方面分別考察復(fù)合材料電阻的穩(wěn)定性。試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明，碳纖維復(fù)合材料電阻具有一定的穩(wěn)定性，為其在風(fēng)力機(jī)葉片防除冰中的應(yīng)用提供了可靠保證。 （3）開(kāi)展葉片比例模型在常溫及低溫（冰柜內(nèi)）靜止條件下的防冰除冰試驗(yàn)，研究在不同環(huán)境溫度、不同通電電壓下模型葉片的靜態(tài)溫升以及融冰效果。試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明，通電后葉片模型發(fā)熱迅速穩(wěn)定，而且葉片表面的溫度場(chǎng)分布均勻，具有很好的防冰和融冰效果。 （4）設(shè)計(jì)制作一個(gè)由電動(dòng)機(jī)驅(qū)動(dòng)的風(fēng)機(jī)模型，在模擬寒冷試驗(yàn)室內(nèi)開(kāi)展了不同環(huán)境溫度、不同轉(zhuǎn)速和不同輸入電壓下的防冰和除冰試驗(yàn)。結(jié)果表明，在旋轉(zhuǎn)狀態(tài)下能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)防冰和除冰的要求，并且葉片表面溫度沿根部到葉尖部依次降低，因此葉尖部的溫度相對(duì)較低，屬于重點(diǎn)防冰區(qū)域。
[Abstract]:In recent years, in order to meet the growing demand for energy, wind power as a renewable energy recognized in most developing countries have achieved rapid development. The wind farm construction funds, also has a significant growth. However, the fan is installed in the cold areas or high altitude areas often encountered in freezing weather operation in winter. Ice fan blades will significantly affect the performance of the blade can lead to loss of production power and mechanical failure caused by asymmetric load increase caused by icing, may even lead to downtime. In order to ensure the installation of fan in cold winter ice run normal climate, this paper puts forward a kind of wind blade icing monitoring method and anti icing and deicing technology, and related experimental research. The specific work is as follows:
(1) proposed a wind turbine blade icing monitoring method based on piezoelectric ceramic technology, the use of piezoelectric ceramics on the blade model as actuators and sensors of icing monitoring test in different ice thickness, using wavelet packet energy analysis method for signal data analysis. Experimental results show that receiving a signal of the wavelet packet energy decreased with the increase of ice thickness. Therefore, according to the change of the wavelet packet energy values can be measured structure icing monitoring purposes.
(2) to carry out the experimental study on the stability of composite carbon fiber resistance, stability of composite resistance from the two aspects of resin infiltration and temperature respectively. The experimental results show that the resistance of carbon fiber composite material has certain stability, provide a reliable guarantee for its application in wind turbine blade in ice.
(3) to carry out the leaf scale model in room temperature and low temperature (freezer) anti icing and deicing test under static condition, research in different environmental temperature, different power voltage under the static temperature model of blade rise and ice melting effect. The experimental results show that after the electricity heating blade model is rapid and stable, and the blade surface the temperature field is uniform and has good anti icing and ice melting effect.
(4) to design a blower driven by an electric motor model, simulation test was carried out in the cold room temperature, anti icing of different speed and different input voltages and de icing test. The results show that to achieve anti icing and deicing requirements under rotating state, and temperature along the blade surface in order to reduce the root to the tip, so the tip temperature is relatively low, belonging to the anti icing area.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：湖南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TM614

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