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  本文關(guān)鍵詞： 電動汽車 充電站 直流微網(wǎng) 分層控制　出處：《華北電力大學》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：電動汽車和可再生能源發(fā)電技術(shù)(分布式電源)是解決能源危機和環(huán)境問題的兩個重要途徑。直流微網(wǎng)是一種將分布式電源和本地負荷通過直流母線結(jié)合起來的小型配電網(wǎng)結(jié)構(gòu),直流微網(wǎng)與交流配電網(wǎng)相比具有供電可靠性高、線路損耗小、電能質(zhì)量優(yōu)良等優(yōu)勢且更加適合電動汽車和分布式電源的接入。由此,本文提出采用直流微網(wǎng)構(gòu)建電動汽車充換電站,以實現(xiàn)電動汽車與可再生能源的集成應(yīng)用,從而達到協(xié)同增效的作用。 本文以電動汽車充換電站直流微網(wǎng)為研究對象,主要研究了其構(gòu)成以及相應(yīng)的綜合協(xié)調(diào)控制策略。首先,分析了電動汽車發(fā)展和現(xiàn)有交流配電網(wǎng)所遇到的問題,指出直流微網(wǎng)在應(yīng)對這些問題上所具有的優(yōu)勢,從而提出電動汽車充換電站直流微網(wǎng)的概念。然后,分析設(shè)計了電動汽車充換電站直流微網(wǎng)的拓撲結(jié)構(gòu)、電壓等級以及主要組成單元。所設(shè)計系統(tǒng)采用兩端型供電網(wǎng)絡(luò),直流母線采用雙層式母線結(jié)構(gòu)具有兩個不同的電壓等級。所設(shè)計系統(tǒng)的主要組成單元包括充換電站負荷,儲能系統(tǒng),并網(wǎng)變流器和光伏發(fā)電系統(tǒng),本文分別分析了各組成單元的工作特性并設(shè)計了相應(yīng)的電力電子接口電路,給出了數(shù)學模型,為仿真模型的搭建提供了理論基礎(chǔ)。在此基礎(chǔ)之上,本文提出了充換電站直流微網(wǎng)的分層式控制策略,該控制策略分為三層：上層屬于配網(wǎng)級控制,負責制定微網(wǎng)的工作模式；中層屬于微網(wǎng)級控制,負責制定微網(wǎng)的控制目標和主電源的工作方式；下層屬于裝置級控制,負責控制光伏出力調(diào)整和負荷投切等。此外,本文還分析了并網(wǎng)模式下和孤網(wǎng)模式下具體的控制流程。最后,本文利用PSCAD/EMTDC仿真軟件搭建仿真模型,通過兩個仿真算例驗證了所設(shè)計系統(tǒng)及其控制策略的有效性。
[Abstract]:Electric vehicles and renewable energy generation technologies (distributed generation). DC microgrid is a small distribution network structure which combines distributed generation and local load through DC bus. Compared with AC distribution network, DC microgrid has the advantages of high reliability, low line loss and excellent power quality, and is more suitable for the access of electric vehicles and distributed power sources. In this paper, DC microgrid is used to construct electric vehicle charging and changing power station, so as to realize the integrated application of electric vehicle and renewable energy, so as to achieve the synergistic effect. In this paper, the DC microgrid of electric vehicle charging and changing power station is taken as the research object, and its composition and corresponding integrated coordinated control strategy are mainly studied. First of all. This paper analyzes the problems encountered in the development of electric vehicle and the existing AC distribution network, points out the advantages of DC microgrid in dealing with these problems, and then puts forward the concept of DC microgrid for electric vehicle charging power station. The topology, voltage grade and main components of DC microgrid of electric vehicle charging and changing power station are analyzed and designed. The DC busbar has two different voltage grades using the double-layer bus structure. The main components of the system include the load of the power station, the energy storage system, the grid-connected converter and the photovoltaic power generation system. In this paper, the working characteristics of each component unit are analyzed, and the corresponding power electronic interface circuit is designed, and the mathematical model is given, which provides a theoretical basis for the establishment of the simulation model. In this paper, a hierarchical control strategy for DC microgrid of charging and switching power station is proposed. The control strategy is divided into three layers: the upper layer belongs to the distribution network level control, which is responsible for establishing the working mode of the microgrid; The middle layer belongs to the microgrid level control, which is responsible for formulating the control goal of the microgrid and the working mode of the main power supply. The lower layer belongs to device level control, which is responsible for controlling photovoltaic output adjustment and load switching. In addition, this paper also analyzes the specific control flow in grid-connected mode and isolated grid mode. Finally. In this paper, PSCAD/EMTDC simulation software is used to build the simulation model, and two simulation examples are given to verify the effectiveness of the designed system and its control strategy.
【學位授予單位】：華北電力大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：U469.72;TM910.6

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本文編號：1481379