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  本文關(guān)鍵詞：零低速下永磁同步電機(jī)無位置傳感器控制系統(tǒng)研究　出處：《中國礦業(yè)大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 永磁同步電機(jī) 無傳感器控制 高頻信號注入法 滑動傅里葉變換 逆變器非線性 dSPACE

【摘要】：永磁同步電機(jī)(permanent magnet synchronous motor, PMSM)具有體積小、可靠性強(qiáng)、功率密度高和運(yùn)行性能好等特點(diǎn)，在交流傳動領(lǐng)域得到廣泛的應(yīng)用；高性能的無位置傳感器矢量控制技術(shù)也一直是電機(jī)控制領(lǐng)域的研究熱點(diǎn)之一。本文以嵌入式永磁同步電機(jī)(interior permanent magnet synchronous motor, IPMSM)為研究對象，為實(shí)現(xiàn)其零低速下無位置傳感器矢量控制，分別對id=0矢量控制策略、兩種高頻電壓信號注入法及改進(jìn)的轉(zhuǎn)子位置提取方法、逆變器非線性特性對無傳感器控制技術(shù)的影響以及基于dSPACE的全數(shù)字化控制系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行研究。 首先，給出PMSM在各個坐標(biāo)系下的數(shù)學(xué)模型并介紹電機(jī)的凸極效應(yīng)，闡述了矢量控制的基本原理及id=0控制策略在PMSM傳動系統(tǒng)中的具體應(yīng)用，給出相應(yīng)的仿真結(jié)果。 其次，，基于PMSM在高頻注入電壓信號激勵下的數(shù)學(xué)模型，闡述旋轉(zhuǎn)高頻電壓信號注入法和脈振高頻電壓信號注入法的基本原理，通過相應(yīng)的解調(diào)方法并利用基于鎖相環(huán)的轉(zhuǎn)子位置觀測器得到估計(jì)的轉(zhuǎn)子位置和轉(zhuǎn)速信息。介紹一種改進(jìn)的、基于滑動傅里葉變換(sliding discrete fourier transform, SDFT)的轉(zhuǎn)子位置信息提取方法，在減小系統(tǒng)復(fù)雜程度的同時，也提高了轉(zhuǎn)子位置估計(jì)精度。給出一種PMSM初始位置檢測方法，以實(shí)現(xiàn)高頻信號注入法在零速下的應(yīng)用。通過仿真證明理論分析的正確性和有效性。 為提高轉(zhuǎn)子位置估測精度，重點(diǎn)研究逆變器非線性特性對上述PMSM無傳感器控制技術(shù)的影響。對幾種典型的逆變器非線性特性進(jìn)行簡要介紹和分析，確定死區(qū)效應(yīng)和寄生電容效應(yīng)為影響無傳感器控制技術(shù)的主要因素。引入逆變器等效高頻電阻概念，建立考慮寄生電容效應(yīng)時的電壓擾動模型，詳細(xì)分析死區(qū)時間內(nèi)寄生電容效應(yīng)對包含轉(zhuǎn)子位置信息的高頻載波電流的影響；介紹一種新型的后置補(bǔ)償方法，通過仿真和實(shí)驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證此方法的有效性和準(zhǔn)確性。 最后，設(shè)計(jì)基于dSPACE的PMSM無傳感器矢量控制實(shí)驗(yàn)平臺，在此基礎(chǔ)上完成基于旋轉(zhuǎn)高頻電壓信號注入法的PMSM無傳感器控制及基于SDFT的轉(zhuǎn)子位置提取改進(jìn)方法實(shí)驗(yàn)。實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明該方法能夠有效獲取轉(zhuǎn)子位置信息及電機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)速信息，且該系統(tǒng)具有良好的動、靜態(tài)性能。
[Abstract]:Permanent magnet synchronous motor permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) has small size and high reliability. Because of its high power density and good performance, it has been widely used in the field of AC transmission. High performance sensorless vector control technology has been one of the research hotspots in motor control field. In this paper, embedded permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM). Interior permanent magnet synchronous motor. In order to realize the position sensorless vector control at zero and low speed, the id=0 vector control strategy, two kinds of high frequency voltage signal injection method and the improved rotor position extraction method are studied. The influence of nonlinear characteristics of inverter on sensorless control technology and the full digital control system based on dSPACE are studied. Firstly, the mathematical model of PMSM in each coordinate system is given, and the salient effect of motor is introduced. The basic principle of vector control and the application of id=0 control strategy in PMSM transmission system are expounded. The corresponding simulation results are given. Secondly, based on the mathematical model of PMSM excited by high frequency injection voltage signal, the basic principle of rotating high frequency voltage signal injection method and pulse vibration high frequency voltage signal injection method is expounded. Through the corresponding demodulation method and using the rotor position observer based on phase-locked loop to obtain the estimated rotor position and speed information, an improved method is introduced. The rotor position information extraction method based on sliding Fourier transform sliding discrete fourier transform (SDFTs) is presented. While reducing the complexity of the system, the accuracy of rotor position estimation is also improved. A PMSM initial position detection method is presented. In order to realize the application of high frequency signal injection method at zero velocity, the correctness and validity of the theoretical analysis are proved by simulation. In order to improve the accuracy of rotor position estimation, the influence of the nonlinear characteristics of the inverter on the above PMSM sensorless control technology is studied. Several typical nonlinear characteristics of the inverter are briefly introduced and analyzed. The dead-time effect and parasitic capacitance effect are the main factors affecting sensorless control technology. The concept of equivalent high frequency resistance of inverter is introduced and the voltage disturbance model considering parasitic capacitance effect is established. The influence of parasitic capacitance effect on the high frequency carrier current with rotor position information is analyzed in detail. A new post compensation method is introduced. The validity and accuracy of this method are verified by simulation and experiment. Finally, the experimental platform of PMSM sensorless vector control based on dSPACE is designed. On this basis, the experiments of PMSM sensorless control based on rotating high frequency voltage signal injection and improved rotor position extraction method based on SDFT are completed. The experimental results show that the proposed method can effectively obtain rotor position. Setting information and motor speed information. And the system has good dynamic and static performance.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國礦業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TM341

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本文編號：1419824