本文關(guān)鍵詞：微生物燃料電池不銹鋼網(wǎng)陰極制備及產(chǎn)電性能研究　出處：《哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 微生物燃料電池（MFC） 不銹鋼網(wǎng)（SSM） 454焦磷酸測(cè)序 防水透氣膜（WBM） 陰極制作

【摘要】：能源危機(jī)和環(huán)境污染問(wèn)題迫使人類急需尋找可持續(xù)、可再生的新型清潔能源。另一方面，傳統(tǒng)好氧廢水處理技術(shù)能耗大，不經(jīng)濟(jì)，催促人們尋找一種能夠合理實(shí)現(xiàn)廢水處理與資源化的替代技術(shù)。微生物燃料電池（MFC）可以借助于微生物實(shí)現(xiàn)廢水處理，同時(shí)可將廢水中的化學(xué)能轉(zhuǎn)化為清潔的生物質(zhì)電能，，被認(rèn)為是一種機(jī)遇與挑戰(zhàn)并存的新型污水處理工藝。目前，MFC技術(shù)主要的瓶頸問(wèn)題在于如何進(jìn)一步降低造價(jià)以及如何使反應(yīng)器擴(kuò)大化，這決定了該技術(shù)在未來(lái)能否實(shí)現(xiàn)工業(yè)化。 針對(duì)上述瓶頸問(wèn)題，本文以最為常見(jiàn)的立方體單室空氣陰極MFC為研究對(duì)象，通過(guò)對(duì)比碳布（CC）和不銹鋼網(wǎng)（SSM）陰極，系統(tǒng)的考察了兩種不同反應(yīng)器在產(chǎn)電性能、處理效率、微生物群落結(jié)構(gòu)等方面的異同；另一方面，借助廉價(jià)、實(shí)用的SSM和防水透氣膜（WBM），對(duì)MFC的陰極進(jìn)行改進(jìn)并考察其性能，提出了一種較傳統(tǒng)方法更為合理的陰極制作方法。本文得到以下主要結(jié)果和結(jié)論。 將CC和SSM（80目）分別作為陰極基礎(chǔ)材料，利用傳統(tǒng)方法制作陰極得到兩種不同的MFC。SSM-MFC可分別得到32.9和31.3W/m3的最大功率密度，略低于CC-MFC（分別為26.6和24.5W/m3），但兩種MFC在處理效率和庫(kù)倫效率上表現(xiàn)相似。454焦磷酸測(cè)序結(jié)果顯示，在“門”和“綱”分類水平下，兩種MFC的陰、陽(yáng)極微生物群落結(jié)構(gòu)較為相似。在“科”分類水平下，CC-MFC陽(yáng)極的優(yōu)勢(shì)種群為Geobacteraceae（39.5%）和Comamonadaceae（26.0%），SSM-MFC同為Comamonadaceae（45.6%）和Geobacteraceae（20.4%）。這些可認(rèn)定為疑似胞外產(chǎn)電細(xì)菌，雖然陰、陽(yáng)極間種類相似，但比例不同，這很可能是導(dǎo)致兩種MFC產(chǎn)電能力差異的主要因素之一；Comamonadaceae（57.7%）和Rhodocyclaceae（14.0%）是CC-MFC陰極的主要優(yōu)勢(shì)種群，而SSM-MFC陰極的主要優(yōu)勢(shì)種群是Xanthomonadaceae（49.8%），這種差異很可能來(lái)自于陰極基礎(chǔ)材料的不同。陰極優(yōu)勢(shì)菌群中很可能共同生存著有利和有礙于MFC產(chǎn)電的微生物，它們共同影響著MFC的性能。 以CC為陰極基礎(chǔ)、去除Carbon/PTFE層的方式制作陰極，會(huì)使功率輸出小幅度下降約20%（空氣擴(kuò)散阻力增大、內(nèi)阻增大等因素），但考慮該涂層制作繁瑣，必要時(shí)可以去除該層。以SSM（40、60和80目）為基礎(chǔ)、WBM為空氣擴(kuò)散層，將催化劑涂抹于SSM上制得SSM/M陰極，運(yùn)行初期表現(xiàn)良好（40、60和80目SSM對(duì)應(yīng)功率密度27.0、35.4和36.7W/m3），但長(zhǎng)期運(yùn)行產(chǎn)電能力不斷下降（40目下降至6.5W/m3）。SSM/M-MFC功率輸出隨不鋼網(wǎng)目數(shù)增大而增大，且大于60目后，可超越傳統(tǒng)陰極制作方法得到的MFC（CC-MFC為30.0W/m3，SSM-MFC為30.5W/m3）。將催化劑涂抹于WBM上制得SSM/Pt onM陰極，可得到24.7W/m3的功率密度，且長(zhǎng)期運(yùn)行穩(wěn)定。在SSM/Pt on M基礎(chǔ)上去除SSM可以得到Pt on M陰極，其結(jié)構(gòu)更為簡(jiǎn)單，同樣具有長(zhǎng)期運(yùn)行穩(wěn)定性，但產(chǎn)電能力極差（7.6W/m3），同時(shí)陰極結(jié)構(gòu)不夠堅(jiān)固，不易擴(kuò)大化。綜合考慮，SSM/Pt on M陰極相對(duì)廉價(jià)（約16USD/m2）、簡(jiǎn)單（節(jié)省材料、兩步實(shí)現(xiàn)）、制作省時(shí)（耗時(shí)小于0.5h且陰極擴(kuò)大化后耗時(shí)基本不增加），最為合理。因此，本文中我們提出一種基于SSM和WBM、更為可行、實(shí)用的MFC空氣陰極制作方法。
[Abstract]:Energy crisis and environmental pollution problems forced the human need to find sustainable, new clean renewable energy. On the other hand, the traditional aerobic wastewater treatment technology of high energy consumption, not economic, urging people to find a way to achieve a reasonable alternative technology for wastewater treatment and recycling. The microbial fuel cell (MFC) can be achieved by means of microorganism wastewater at the same time, the chemical in the wastewater can be converted into electrical energy by biomass clean, that is a new wastewater treatment technology which has both opportunities and challenges. At present, the bottleneck problem of MFC technology mainly lies in how to further reduce the cost and how to make the reactor expansion, which determines the technology in the future can realize industrialization.
According to the above problems, based on the most common MFC air cathode single chamber cube as the research object, through the comparison of carbon cloth (CC) and stainless steel (SSM) cathode was investigated in two different reactor processing efficiency in electricity production performance, and similarities and differences between the microbial community structure; on the other hand with cheap, practical, SSM and waterproof breathable membrane (WBM), and to investigate the improvement on the performance of the MFC cathode, presents a more traditional method is more reasonable method of making cathode. This paper obtained the following results and conclusions.
CC and SSM (80 mesh) were used as the cathode materials, using the traditional method of making the cathode get two different MFC.SSM-MFC the maximum power density of 32.9 and 31.3W/m3 respectively, slightly lower than the CC-MFC (26.6 and 24.5W/m3), but the two kinds of MFC in the processing efficiency and the efficiency of Kulun showed a similar.454 pyrosequencing the results showed that in the "door" and "Outline" classification level, two kinds of MFC Yin, anode microbial community structure is similar. In the "branch" classification level, dominant species of CC-MFC anode is Geobacteraceae (39.5%) and Comamonadaceae (26%), SSM-MFC Comamonadaceae (45.6%) and Geobacteraceae (20.4%) these can be identified as a suspected extracellular electrogenic bacteria, while the Yin, the anode type is similar, but the proportion is different, which is likely to lead to two MFC generating capacity difference of one of the main factors; Comamonadaceae (57.7%) and Rhodocycl Aceae (14%) is the main advantage of CC-MFC cathode and SSM-MFC cathode of the population, the dominant population is Xanthomonadaceae (49.8%), the differences are likely to be different from the cathode base material. The cathode bacterium is likely to live together with favorable and hinder the output power of MFC microorganisms, and they affect the performance of MFC.
With CC as the cathode, making the cathode Carbon/PTFE removal layer method, can make the small power output decreased by about 20% (air diffusion resistance increases, increased resistance and other factors, but considering the coating) making complicated, when necessary, can remove the layer. With SSM (40,60 and 80) as a basis for air WBM the diffusion layer, catalyst coated on SSM prepared SSM/M cathode, run at the beginning of good performance (40,60 and 80 SSM corresponding to the power density of 27.0,35.4 and 36.7W/m3), but the long-term operation of electricity production capacity continues to decline (40 orders dropped to 6.5W/m3).SSM/M-MFC power output increased as the steel net mesh size increases, and more than 60 orders after but, beyond the traditional cathode manufacture methods MFC (CC-MFC 30.0W/m3, SSM-MFC 30.5W/m3). The catalyst applied to WBM prepared SSM/Pt onM cathode, 24.7W/m3 power density can be obtained, and the long-term stable operation. In the SSM/Pt on M based on the removal of SSM In order to get the Pt on M cathode, the structure is simple, also has long-term stability, but the electricity production range (7.6W/m3), while the cathode structure is not strong enough, not easy to expand. Considering SSM/Pt on M cathode is relatively inexpensive (about 16USD/m2), simple (saving material, two steps). Making time (time less than 0.5h and the cathode expansion does not increase after consuming), the most reasonable. Therefore, in this paper, we propose a SSM based and WBM, more feasible and practical method of making MFC air cathode.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：X703;TM911.45

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前3條

1 莊匯川;陰極材料對(duì)微生物燃料電池性能與微生物群落結(jié)構(gòu)的影響[D];哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué);2015年

2 高楊;不同陰極條件微生物電化學(xué)系統(tǒng)污泥減量產(chǎn)能研究[D];哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué);2015年

3 房安然;EGSB厭氧氨氧化反應(yīng)器脫氮及微生物群落結(jié)構(gòu)演替研究[D];哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué);2015年

本文編號(hào)：1418301