本文關(guān)鍵詞：永磁無刷直流電機(jī)系統(tǒng)轉(zhuǎn)矩波動(dòng)抑制與調(diào)制策略研究　出處：《天津大學(xué)》2014年博士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 永磁無刷直流電機(jī) 轉(zhuǎn)矩波動(dòng)抑制 調(diào)制策略 積分變結(jié)構(gòu)控制 三相四開關(guān)逆變器 升壓型三相五開關(guān)逆變器

【摘要】：永磁無刷直流電機(jī)由于具有功率密度大、效率高、體積小等優(yōu)點(diǎn)，被廣泛應(yīng)用于航天航空、軍事裝備、工業(yè)自動(dòng)化等領(lǐng)域。本文圍繞永磁無刷直流電機(jī)系統(tǒng)高效能、低成本、高可靠性等工業(yè)應(yīng)用中的實(shí)際問題，對(duì)永磁無刷直流電機(jī)系統(tǒng)控制策略、調(diào)制方法以及新型逆變器拓?fù)浣Y(jié)構(gòu)展開研究。 針對(duì)永磁無刷直流電機(jī)系統(tǒng)反電勢(shì)和電流換相引起的轉(zhuǎn)矩波動(dòng)問題，研究了轉(zhuǎn)矩波動(dòng)產(chǎn)生機(jī)理，研究了不同開關(guān)調(diào)制策略對(duì)控制器帶寬的影響規(guī)律，建立了電機(jī)在非換相運(yùn)行過程和換相運(yùn)行過程中轉(zhuǎn)矩與電流的映射關(guān)系，提出了電流優(yōu)化控制策略。該策略利用線反電動(dòng)勢(shì)波形分別優(yōu)化電機(jī)非換相運(yùn)行過程和換相運(yùn)行過程中控制系統(tǒng)的參考電流，，以抑制反電動(dòng)勢(shì)對(duì)轉(zhuǎn)矩的影響。在換相運(yùn)行過程中，根據(jù)不同的轉(zhuǎn)速區(qū)間，分別采用低速換相調(diào)制策略和高速換相調(diào)制策略，實(shí)現(xiàn)了非換相繞組電流對(duì)參考電流的準(zhǔn)確跟蹤，抑制了換相轉(zhuǎn)矩波動(dòng)。設(shè)計(jì)了積分變結(jié)構(gòu)電流控制器，通過合理設(shè)計(jì)控制器連續(xù)分量，使開關(guān)分量的開關(guān)增益僅依賴于參數(shù)擾動(dòng)和系統(tǒng)不確定性擾動(dòng)，有效地減小了開關(guān)分量引起的系統(tǒng)抖振。 針對(duì)三相四開關(guān)永磁無刷直流電機(jī)系統(tǒng)中反電動(dòng)勢(shì)引起的電流畸變問題，建立了非導(dǎo)通相反電動(dòng)勢(shì)和電流之間的映射方程，分析了不同調(diào)節(jié)矢量對(duì)非導(dǎo)通相電流的調(diào)節(jié)機(jī)制，提出了三有效矢量調(diào)制策略和兩有效矢量調(diào)制策略。兩種調(diào)制策略利用調(diào)節(jié)矢量對(duì)非導(dǎo)通相電流的不同調(diào)節(jié)機(jī)制，抑制反電動(dòng)勢(shì)對(duì)電流的負(fù)面影響，并控制非導(dǎo)通相電流的平均值收斂于零，有效提高電流動(dòng)態(tài)和穩(wěn)態(tài)性能。本文構(gòu)造Lyapunov函數(shù)以證明兩種調(diào)制策略的穩(wěn)定性，并基于穩(wěn)定性判據(jù)采用簡(jiǎn)單的方法計(jì)算調(diào)節(jié)矢量的占空比。 針對(duì)永磁無刷直流電機(jī)系統(tǒng)在低壓場(chǎng)合帶載能力和調(diào)速范圍受限制的問題，研究了三相四開關(guān)逆變器和升壓變換器的運(yùn)行特性，將二者有機(jī)結(jié)合，提出了升壓型三相五開關(guān)逆變器拓?fù)浣Y(jié)構(gòu)和升壓三有效矢量調(diào)制策略，該策略利用直通矢量對(duì)輸出電壓的調(diào)節(jié)機(jī)制，實(shí)現(xiàn)了電機(jī)系統(tǒng)升壓功能，有效拓展了永磁無刷直流電機(jī)在低壓場(chǎng)合的帶載能力和調(diào)速范圍。 通過搭建硬件實(shí)驗(yàn)平臺(tái)，對(duì)提出的電流優(yōu)化轉(zhuǎn)矩波動(dòng)抑制策略、三有效矢量調(diào)制、兩有效矢量調(diào)制策略以及升壓型三相五開關(guān)逆變器拓?fù)浣Y(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行了實(shí)驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證，實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果證明了理論分析的正確性和提出策略的有效性。
[Abstract]:Permanent magnet brushless DC motor is widely used in aerospace and military equipment because of its high power density, high efficiency and small size. This paper focuses on the practical problems of high efficiency, low cost and high reliability in industrial application of permanent magnet brushless DC motor system, and the control strategy of permanent magnet brushless DC motor system. The modulation method and the new inverter topology are studied. Aiming at the torque ripple caused by reverse EMF and current commutation in permanent magnet brushless DC motor system, the mechanism of torque ripple is studied, and the influence of different switching modulation strategies on the controller bandwidth is studied. The mapping relationship between torque and current in non-commutative operation and commutation operation is established. A current optimal control strategy is proposed, in which the reference current of the control system during the non-commutative operation and the commutation operation of the motor is optimized by using the line back EMF waveform, respectively. In order to restrain the influence of the backEMF on the torque, the low speed commutation modulation strategy and the high speed commutation modulation strategy are adopted in the process of commutation according to the different rotational speed range. The non-commutative winding current can accurately track the reference current and restrain the commutation torque ripple. The integrated variable structure current controller is designed and the continuous component of the controller is reasonably designed. The switching gain of the switch component is only dependent on the parameter perturbation and the system uncertainty disturbance, which effectively reduces the buffeting caused by the switch component. In order to solve the problem of current distortion caused by backEMF in three-phase four-switch permanent magnet brushless DC motor system, the mapping equation between non-conducting phase reverse EMF and current is established. The regulation mechanism of non-conducting phase current by different adjusting vectors is analyzed. Three effective vector modulation strategies and two effective vector modulation strategies are proposed. The two modulation strategies use different modulation mechanisms of adjusting vector to the non-conducting phase current to suppress the negative effect of the backEMF on the current. The average value of the non-conducting phase current converges to zero, which effectively improves the dynamic and steady-state performance of the current. In this paper, the Lyapunov function is constructed to prove the stability of the two modulation strategies. Based on the stability criterion, a simple method is used to calculate the duty cycle of the adjusting vector. Aiming at the problem that the load capacity and speed range of permanent magnet brushless DC motor system are limited in low-voltage situations, the operating characteristics of three-phase four-switch inverter and boost converter are studied, and the two are combined organically. The topology of boost three-phase five-switch inverter and the three effective vector modulation strategy of boost voltage are proposed. This strategy realizes the booster function of motor system by using the regulation mechanism of the output voltage by the straight-through vector. Effectively expand the load capacity and speed range of permanent magnet brushless DC motor in low voltage field. Through the hardware experiment platform, the proposed current optimization torque ripple suppression strategy, three effective vector modulation. The two effective vector modulation strategies and the topology of the boost three-phase five-switch inverter are experimentally verified. The experimental results show the correctness of the theoretical analysis and the effectiveness of the proposed strategy.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：天津大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TM33

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