本文關(guān)鍵詞：基于高頻注入法IPMSM無速傳感器矢量控制研究　出處：《湖南大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 永磁同步電機 無速度傳感器 高頻電壓注入 逆變器非線性效應(yīng) 電機調(diào)速系統(tǒng)

【摘要】：在永磁同步電動機交流調(diào)速控制系統(tǒng)中，為了實現(xiàn)位置和速度閉環(huán)控制從而達到高性能控制效果，通常需要在電動機轉(zhuǎn)動軸上安裝用來測量轉(zhuǎn)子位置和速度信息機械式的光電編碼器或旋轉(zhuǎn)變壓器。但它們都要受到自身體積、質(zhì)量以及成本等因素的影響，特別是在有些環(huán)境中，機械式傳感器受周邊環(huán)境因素影響較大，容易造成系統(tǒng)不穩(wěn)定問題的出現(xiàn)。為了解決這些問題，近年來永磁同步電動機無速度傳感器矢量控制技術(shù)成為交流調(diào)速領(lǐng)域中的一大熱點。在眾多無速度傳感器技術(shù)中大部分都是基于反電動勢的位置估計方法,而這些方法只有中高速條件下才能有效工作，而在中低速環(huán)境中由于反電動勢比較小，無法正確提取。低速情況下一般用高頻注入法。本文采用基于高頻電壓注入法的無速度傳感器矢量控制技術(shù)來檢測轉(zhuǎn)子的位置信息。主要完成的工作有： 一、建立了IPMSM數(shù)學(xué)模型，以及在各個坐標軸的轉(zhuǎn)換關(guān)系，通過三相與兩相，兩相與兩相之間的數(shù)學(xué)轉(zhuǎn)換解決了電機非線性、強耦合性等難題，最后介紹了IPMSM矢量控制基本理論和幾種矢量控制策略，為后面的無位置傳感器矢量控制技術(shù)奠定了理論基礎(chǔ)。 二、具體地分析了旋轉(zhuǎn)式高頻電壓信號注入法和脈振式高頻電壓注入法應(yīng)用在永磁同步電動機無速度傳感器矢量控制系統(tǒng)的基本原理，，并且針對濾波器模塊進行了簡化，最后進行了仿真研究。通過仿真表明,脈振式高頻電壓注入法比旋轉(zhuǎn)式調(diào)試更困難，對參數(shù)變化更敏感，但脈振式注入法動態(tài)效應(yīng)更好。兩種方法都有比較好的位置跟蹤精度，適用低速空負載運行。 三、詳細討論分析了高頻電壓注入無速度傳感器矢量控制系統(tǒng)的影響因素。逆變器死區(qū)效應(yīng)使逆變器每周期多輸出了六個幅值相等的額外干擾電壓，使響應(yīng)電流信號波形發(fā)生了畸變，影響了轉(zhuǎn)子位置估計精確性。定子電阻和系統(tǒng)延時使正負序電流分量發(fā)生了偏移，多出了一個直流分量。凸極率的大小直接影響電機轉(zhuǎn)子位置估計誤差的大小，甚至有可能使位置估計失敗。最后對幾種影響因素分別進行了仿真研究分析。 四、最后對控制系統(tǒng)進行了整體硬件和軟件設(shè)計，并通過實驗驗證了基于旋轉(zhuǎn)式高頻電壓注入法的永磁同步電機無速度傳感器矢量控制系統(tǒng)的可靠性和穩(wěn)定性。
[Abstract]:In the permanent magnet synchronous motor AC speed regulation control system, in order to achieve the position and speed closed-loop control to achieve high performance control effect. It is usually necessary to install a mechanical encoder or a rotary transformer to measure the rotor position and speed on the motor shaft. However, they are affected by their own volume, quality and cost. Especially in some environments, mechanical sensors are greatly affected by the surrounding environmental factors, which can easily lead to the emergence of system instability. In order to solve these problems. In recent years, the speed sensorless vector control technology of permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) has become a hot topic in the field of AC speed regulation. But these methods can only work effectively under the condition of medium and high speed, but in the medium and low speed environment, the back electromotive force is relatively small. At low speed, the high frequency injection method is generally used. The speed sensorless vector control technique based on the high frequency voltage injection method is used to detect the rotor position information. The main work is as follows: First, the mathematical model of IPMSM is established, and the transformation relation in each coordinate axis is established. Through the mathematical transformation between three phases and two phases, two phases and two phases, the nonlinear and strong coupling problems of the motor are solved. Finally, the basic theory of IPMSM vector control and several vector control strategies are introduced, which lays a theoretical foundation for the position sensorless vector control technology. Secondly, the basic principle of rotating high-frequency voltage signal injection method and pulse high-frequency voltage injection method in speed sensorless vector control system of permanent magnet synchronous motor is analyzed in detail. The simulation results show that high frequency voltage injection is more difficult than rotary debugging and more sensitive to parameter change. But the pulse injection method has better dynamic effect. Both methods have better position tracking accuracy and are suitable for low speed empty load operation. Thirdly, the influence factors of high frequency voltage injection speed sensorless vector control system are discussed and analyzed in detail. The dead-time effect of inverter makes the inverter output six additional interference voltages with equal amplitudes per cycle. The waveform of response current signal is distorted, which affects the accuracy of rotor position estimation. Stator resistance and system delay make the positive and negative sequence current components offset. A DC component is added. The magnitude of the salient pole ratio directly affects the rotor position estimation error of the motor and may even cause the position estimation to fail. Finally, several factors affecting the rotor position estimation are simulated and analyzed. Finally, the hardware and software of the control system are designed. The reliability and stability of the speed sensorless vector control system of PMSM based on rotating high frequency voltage injection method are verified by experiments.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湖南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TM341

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