本文關(guān)鍵詞：大型水電項(xiàng)目開發(fā)效率提升研究　出處：《武漢大學(xué)》2014年博士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 大型水電項(xiàng)目 開發(fā)效率 移民安置 生態(tài)維護(hù) 資源最優(yōu)化配置

【摘要】：節(jié)能減排“十二五”規(guī)劃是國家為緩解資源環(huán)境約束、應(yīng)對全球氣候變化提出的戰(zhàn)略方針,要求進(jìn)行能源結(jié)構(gòu)改革,大力增加清潔能源的比例。由此,可再生能源將成為中國夢的一個重要組成部分。作為一種清潔的可再生能源,大力開發(fā)水電一直是我國能源開發(fā)的重點(diǎn)方針。但是由于水電開發(fā)的影響因素多,資源占用大,牽涉的移民、生態(tài)等問題與經(jīng)濟(jì)社會可持續(xù)發(fā)展直接相關(guān),開發(fā)水平仍然在低位徘徊,效率問題十分突出,難以滿足經(jīng)濟(jì)社會發(fā)展的需求。 為了研究大型水電項(xiàng)目開發(fā)效率的影響因素和提升機(jī)制,本論文從理論和實(shí)踐兩個方面,應(yīng)用經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)的帕累托效率來定義水電開發(fā)效率,從移民安置、生態(tài)環(huán)境、資源配置角度對大型水電開發(fā)效率進(jìn)行研究。 水電開發(fā)效率方面,本文首先介紹了大型水電項(xiàng)目的特點(diǎn)和本質(zhì),并從帕累托效率的視角定義了大型水電項(xiàng)目開發(fā)效率的概念以及效率計(jì)量指標(biāo),最后討論了移民安置、生態(tài)保護(hù)和資源配置這三個因素對大型水電項(xiàng)目開發(fā)效率的影響。生態(tài)環(huán)境方面,在對移民安置效率及其構(gòu)成要素進(jìn)行識別的基礎(chǔ)上,提出了基于數(shù)據(jù)包絡(luò)分析的效率評價方法,分析了移民安置效率制約和影響因素,運(yùn)用場域理論提出分析框架,并基于移民管理原則,從組織結(jié)構(gòu)建設(shè)和監(jiān)督體系方面提出效率提升的建議。生態(tài)環(huán)境方面,提出了以模糊綜合評價為主的環(huán)境評價方法,并從技術(shù)和主觀實(shí)現(xiàn)及環(huán)境與客觀監(jiān)督保證兩個角度提出采用先進(jìn)技術(shù)及開發(fā)利用多樣化,及保證項(xiàng)目環(huán)境影響評價和建立完善水電環(huán)保法規(guī)體系的建議。資源配置方面,將資源配置效率問題分為社會宏觀層面和企業(yè)微觀層面的大型水電開發(fā)項(xiàng)目資源配置問題,建立大型水電開發(fā)中開發(fā)企業(yè)、中央和地方政府、庫區(qū)移民、環(huán)境代表的以構(gòu)建和諧滿意度為基礎(chǔ)的多目標(biāo)優(yōu)化模型；針對企業(yè)微觀層面的大型水電開發(fā)項(xiàng)目群的資源配置問題,建立以預(yù)期獲得最大經(jīng)濟(jì)效益為標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的資源配置優(yōu)化的非線性模型,并給出了時間結(jié)余表達(dá)式。 本研究具有一定的探索性,研究的主要改進(jìn)和創(chuàng)新主要體現(xiàn)在： (1)從經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)和項(xiàng)目周期的視角,基于經(jīng)濟(jì)效率理論,提出了水電開發(fā)效率的概念,基于比值分析法界定了水電項(xiàng)目開發(fā)效率的絕對效率計(jì)量指標(biāo),運(yùn)用帕累托效率理論界定了水電項(xiàng)目開發(fā)效率的狀態(tài)效率計(jì)量指標(biāo)； (2)以福利經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)基礎(chǔ),根據(jù)帕累托效率的本質(zhì),提出移民安置效率的狹義與廣義概念,以人、財(cái)、物、時等作為要素對移民效率進(jìn)行衡量；基于移民安置與開發(fā)的性質(zhì)和特點(diǎn),評價當(dāng)前移民安置與開發(fā)的法律體系和管理體制,并提出相應(yīng)改進(jìn)機(jī)制措施。 (3)從全新的角度闡述水電開發(fā)中的生態(tài)環(huán)境保護(hù),將辯證法應(yīng)用于兩者關(guān)系的分析研究；由產(chǎn)出與投入比的角度定義了生態(tài)維護(hù)效率這一概念,為評價分析生態(tài)維護(hù)效率提供理論基礎(chǔ)。 (4)首次提出水利工程項(xiàng)目群及水利工程項(xiàng)目群管理的概念,指出了水利工程項(xiàng)目群開發(fā)所涉及到的各利益相關(guān)者及其相互之間的關(guān)聯(lián),提出了基于水利工程項(xiàng)目群各利益相關(guān)者和諧配置的資源配置優(yōu)化模型。
[Abstract]:Energy saving and emission reduction "12th Five-Year" planning is the country to ease the constraints of resources and environment, strategy is proposed to cope with global climate change, energy requirements for structural reforms to increase the proportion of clean energy. Thus, renewable energy will become an important part of Chinese dream. As a kind of clean and renewable energy, vigorously develop hydropower has been is the focal point of energy development policy of our country. But because the influence factors of hydropower development, resource utilization, involved in immigration, the sustainable development of ecological problems and social and economic development level is directly related to, still hovering in the low efficiency problem is very prominent, it is difficult to meet the needs of economic and social development.
In order to study the influence factors of large hydropower project development efficiency and improving mechanism, this paper from two aspects of theory and practice, the application of economic efficiency to the definition of Pareto hydropower development efficiency, the resettlement of migrants, the ecological environment was studied for large-scale hydropower development. The perspective of resource allocation.
Hydropower development efficiency, this paper first introduces the characteristics and nature of large hydropower projects, and from the perspective of Pareto efficiency concept of large hydropower project development efficiency and efficiency indicators, finally discussed the resettlement, the three factors which influence the ecological protection and resource allocation of large hydropower project development efficiency of the ecological environment. In this paper, identify the elements of the resettlement and its efficiency, the efficiency evaluation method based on data envelopment analysis, analyzes the factors restricting and influencing the efficiency of resettlement, transport field theory analysis framework, and based on the immigration management principles, put forward to enhance the efficiency of the proposal from the aspects of organizational structure construction and supervision system. The ecological environment, put forward the evaluation method based on fuzzy comprehensive evaluation based, and from technology and subjective and objective realization and environmental supervision And ensure the angle of two using a variety of advanced technology and development and utilization, and ensure the project environmental impact assessment and the establishment and perfection of hydropower environmental protection laws and regulations system. The allocation of resources, the efficiency of resource allocation is divided into social macro level and micro level enterprises of large hydropower project resource allocation problem, the establishment of enterprise development of large-scale hydropower development in the central and local government, reservoir resettlement, the multi-objective optimization model in order to build a harmonious environment satisfaction based on resource allocation problem; micro level enterprises of large hydropower development project group, established the nonlinear model to optimize the allocation of resources expected to obtain the biggest economic benefits as the standard time, the balance of expression is also given.
This research has a certain exploration, the main improvement and innovation of the research are mainly reflected in the following:
(1) from the perspective of economics and economic efficiency of the project cycle, based on the theory, put forward the concept of hydropower development efficiency, ratio analysis method to define the absolute efficiency measure the development efficiency of hydropower projects based on the use of Pareto efficiency theory defines hydropower project development efficiency of state efficiency measurement index;
(2) the welfare economics foundation, according to the nature of Pareto efficiency, proposed resettlement efficiency of narrow and broad concept, in person, money, material, such as when the elements of the immigration efficiency measure; the nature and characteristics of emigration and development based on the evaluation of the emigration and development of the legal system and management system. And put forward the corresponding improvement measures mechanism.
(3) from a completely new perspective, it expounds the ecological environment protection in hydropower development, applies dialectics to the analysis of the relationship between them, defines the concept of ecological maintenance efficiency from the perspective of output and input ratio, and provides a theoretical basis for evaluation and analysis of ecological maintenance efficiency.
(4) put forward the concept of water conservancy project and water conservancy project management group for the first time, pointed out the various stakeholders of water conservancy project group involved in the development and its relationship to each other, put forward water conservancy project group stakeholders harmonious allocation of resources allocation optimization model based on.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：武漢大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：F426.61;F426.91
，

本文編號：1391784