【摘要】：隨著全球能源形勢日益緊張,新能源并網容量的大幅增加,可再生能源中風力發(fā)電具有極為廣闊的發(fā)展前景。但是風資源的間歇性和不確定特性給其大規(guī)模并網運行帶來嚴峻挑戰(zhàn)。本文對風電場之間的出力相依結構進行建模,在此基礎上綜合考慮風電場出力相關性和需求響應,對含風電場系統(tǒng)的優(yōu)化調度問題進行研究,所做工作如下:(1)對同一地區(qū)的風電場,先通過核密度估計法擬合各風電場功率的概率分布,再選取出Gumbel-Copula函數刻畫風電場之間的出力相依結構,以賀蘭山兩風電場為例,建立了多風電場聯(lián)合出力模型;(2)在風電場聯(lián)合出力模型基礎上,在調度體系中引入柔性負荷激勵/補償機制,以總運行費用最小、運行風險最小、污染氣體排放量最小為多目標,提出計及風電輸出相依結構和需求側柔性負荷調峰的調度方法。模型的約束條件包括:功率平衡約束、各單元出力上下限約束、機組旋轉備用容量、爬坡速率、最小起停時間約束、可中斷負荷中斷時間和中斷次數約束;(3)采用基于差分進化策略的改進雜草入侵算法進行模型求解,并同時將本文所建模型與不考慮風功率相關性模型、不計及需求響應中柔性負荷效益模型的結果進行對比,從經濟效益、環(huán)境效益、風電利用率等多角度深入分析不同模型效果;(4)對(2)中模型進一步改進,將風電功率、柔性負荷加以機會約束處理,建立多目標供需互動的隨機調度模型。經過抽樣平均近似后將隨機模型轉化為確定性模型求解,并與未改進之前的模型進行對比分析。算例分析表明,本文建立的考慮風電相關性和需求響應的隨機優(yōu)化調度策略體現(xiàn)出風電功率內在聯(lián)系的同時,很好地利用了柔性負荷的潛在調峰效益;能夠使系統(tǒng)運行于高效的負載水平,在兼顧經濟效益和環(huán)境效益的同時,促進系統(tǒng)對風電的消納。
[Abstract]:With the increasingly tense global energy situation and the large increase in the grid-connected capacity of new energy sources, wind power generation in renewable energy sources has a very broad prospect for development. However, the intermittent and uncertain characteristics of wind resources bring serious challenges to its large-scale grid-connected operation. In this paper, the output dependent structure among wind farms is modeled. On this basis, considering the correlation of wind farm output and demand response, the optimal scheduling problem of wind farm system with wind farm is studied. The work is as follows: (1) for the wind farm in the same area, the probability distribution of each wind farm power is fitted by the kernel density estimation method, and then the Gumbel-Copula function is selected to describe the output dependent structure of the wind farm. Taking Helanshan wind farm as an example, a combined output model of multi-wind farm is established. (2) on the basis of the combined output model of wind farm, the flexible load excitation / compensation mechanism is introduced into the dispatching system. The multi-objective is to minimize the total operating cost, the operation risk and the pollution gas emission. A scheduling method considering wind power output dependent structure and demand side flexible load shaving is proposed. The constraints of the model include: power balance constraint, unit output upper and lower limit constraints, unit rotation reserve capacity, climbing rate, minimum start and stop time constraints, interruptible load interrupt time and interrupt times constraints; (3) the improved weed intrusion algorithm based on differential evolution strategy is used to solve the model. At the same time, the results of the proposed model are compared with those of the flexible load benefit model without considering the wind power correlation model and taking into account the flexible load benefit model in the demand response. The effects of different models are analyzed from the aspects of economic benefit, environmental benefit and utilization ratio of wind power. (4) the model in (2) is further improved, and the wind power and flexible load are restricted by chance, and a stochastic scheduling model with multi-objective interaction between supply and demand is established. After sampling average approximation, the stochastic model is transformed into deterministic model and compared with the unimproved model. The numerical example shows that the stochastic optimal scheduling strategy considering wind power correlation and demand response reflects the inherent relationship of wind power and makes good use of the potential peak-shaving benefit of flexible load. It can make the system run at an efficient load level and promote the wind power consumption of the system while taking into account both economic and environmental benefits.
【學位授予單位】：華北電力大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TM73

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本文編號：2451801