【摘要】：高性能永磁交流伺服電機(jī)廣泛應(yīng)用于航空航天、裝備制造、軍用與民用工業(yè)等領(lǐng)域。為了拓展其轉(zhuǎn)速運(yùn)行范圍,增大高速運(yùn)行時的功率密度,本文針對永磁交流伺服電機(jī)的弱磁特性進(jìn)行深入研究,對影響電機(jī)弱磁性能的相關(guān)參數(shù)進(jìn)行了仿真優(yōu)化,提出了弱磁控制實(shí)現(xiàn)方法,在此基礎(chǔ)上設(shè)計(jì)一臺永磁交流伺服電機(jī),完成驅(qū)動控制系統(tǒng)硬件設(shè)計(jì),編譯了弱磁控制程序,給出了實(shí)驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證結(jié)果。針對表貼式與內(nèi)置式兩種典型永磁轉(zhuǎn)子結(jié)構(gòu),對永磁交流伺服電機(jī)電壓極限曲線中心在電流極限圓內(nèi)、外的兩種情況,全面深入的分析了該類電機(jī)的弱磁控制特性,推導(dǎo)出了從零轉(zhuǎn)速經(jīng)弱磁基速(額定轉(zhuǎn)速)至弱磁最高轉(zhuǎn)速的全范圍機(jī)械與功率特性曲線,得出了最大功率和最大轉(zhuǎn)矩點(diǎn)以及最大可能的弱磁范圍。對影響弱磁性能的電機(jī)參數(shù),在“V”型轉(zhuǎn)子結(jié)構(gòu)下提出了如何選取永磁體材料和設(shè)計(jì)永磁磁路的方法。運(yùn)用ANSYS MAXWELL有限元軟件對電機(jī)極弧因數(shù)、漏磁因數(shù)、反電勢幅值與氣隙磁密波形進(jìn)行了仿真優(yōu)化。使用ANSYS Workbench有限元軟件分析電機(jī)在電流極限圓上調(diào)速運(yùn)行時溫度分布,驗(yàn)證了所設(shè)計(jì)的電機(jī)溫升分布滿足國家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。設(shè)計(jì)了弱磁驅(qū)動控制系統(tǒng)的控制與驅(qū)動電路,并進(jìn)行了傳感器的分析與選取,給出了弱磁控制算法與實(shí)現(xiàn)方法,編寫了主程序、PWM中斷程序、外部定時器中斷程序、位置檢測程序以及弱磁控制等多個軟件程序.設(shè)計(jì)并試制了一臺轉(zhuǎn)子采用“V”型結(jié)構(gòu),額定功率12kW,額定轉(zhuǎn)矩36N m,8極12槽分?jǐn)?shù)槽集中繞組永磁交流伺服電機(jī)及驅(qū)動控制系統(tǒng)。實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果證明:電機(jī)的性能指標(biāo)與弱磁運(yùn)行特性與理論推導(dǎo)一致,滿足設(shè)計(jì)要求,并進(jìn)行電機(jī)溫升實(shí)驗(yàn),其結(jié)果符合相關(guān)國家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)規(guī)定。本文提出的方法與討論分析對具有弱磁控制功能的永磁交流伺服電機(jī)及驅(qū)動控制技術(shù)的分析、研究與設(shè)計(jì)等具有一定的指導(dǎo)意義。
[Abstract]:High performance permanent magnet AC servo motor is widely used in aerospace, equipment manufacturing, military and civil industries. In order to expand the operating range of the motor speed and increase the power density at high speed, this paper makes a deep study on the magnetic weakening characteristics of permanent magnet AC servo motor, and optimizes the related parameters which affect the performance of the permanent magnet AC servo motor. On the basis of this, a permanent magnet AC servo motor is designed, the hardware design of the drive control system is completed, the weak magnetic control program is compiled, and the experimental verification results are given. Aiming at the two typical permanent magnet rotor structures, the voltage limit curve center of the permanent magnet AC servo motor is in the current limit circle, and the weak magnetic control characteristic of the permanent magnet AC servo motor is analyzed thoroughly and deeply, which is the center of the voltage limit curve of the permanent magnet AC servo motor in the inside and outside of the current limit circle. The whole range of mechanical and power characteristic curves from zero speed through weak magnetic base speed (rated speed) to maximum magnetic speed is derived. The maximum power and maximum torque point as well as the maximum possible magnetic weakening range are obtained. How to select the permanent magnet material and how to design the permanent magnetic circuit under the "V" rotor structure are presented for the motor parameters which affect the weak magnetic performance. The pole arc factor, magnetic flux leakage factor, back EMF amplitude and air gap magnetic density waveform of the motor are simulated and optimized by using ANSYS MAXWELL finite element software. The ANSYS Workbench finite element software is used to analyze the temperature distribution of the motor in the current limit circle, and it is verified that the temperature rise distribution of the designed motor meets the national standard. The control and driving circuit of the weak magnetic drive control system is designed, and the sensor is analyzed and selected. The weak magnetic control algorithm and the realization method are given. The main program, the PWM interrupt program, the external timer interrupt program, the main program, the external timer interrupt program, the main program, the interrupt program and the external timer interrupt program are programmed. Position detection program and weak magnetic control and other software programs. The permanent magnet AC servo motor and drive control system of a rotor with "V" structure, rated power 12kW, rated torque 36Nm, 8 poles and 12 slots and fractional slot central windings are designed and manufactured. The experimental results show that the performance index of the motor is consistent with the theoretical derivation and meets the design requirements. The motor temperature rise experiment is carried out, and the results accord with the relevant national standards. The method and discussion presented in this paper have some guiding significance for the analysis, research and design of the permanent magnet AC servo motor with weak magnetic control function and the driving control technology.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西安科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TM383.4

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