【摘要】：隨著化石能源的日益減少與環(huán)境的污染問(wèn)題日趨嚴(yán)重,可再生能源發(fā)電技術(shù)發(fā)展迅速。分布式發(fā)電技術(shù)憑借其清潔、能耗低、靈活控制等優(yōu)點(diǎn)受到國(guó)際社會(huì)的廣泛關(guān)注,但是分布式電源因?yàn)榫哂虚g歇性和不確定性,直接并網(wǎng)發(fā)電會(huì)對(duì)配電網(wǎng)的調(diào)控及整個(gè)電力系統(tǒng)的安全可靠運(yùn)行產(chǎn)生重大的影響。微電網(wǎng)的提出能夠整合集成多個(gè)分布式發(fā)電裝置(Distributed Generation,DG),并根據(jù)電力系統(tǒng)的運(yùn)行條件在孤島模式下自愈運(yùn)行,實(shí)踐證明DG采用微電網(wǎng)形式并網(wǎng)運(yùn)行或孤島運(yùn)行可以減輕高峰負(fù)載對(duì)電網(wǎng)的壓力,并且提高了電能質(zhì)量和可靠性。本文的研究對(duì)象為含有直驅(qū)式風(fēng)力發(fā)電系統(tǒng)的微電網(wǎng),對(duì)并網(wǎng)變流器的控制策略以及微電網(wǎng)并網(wǎng)運(yùn)行和孤島運(yùn)行模式之間平滑切換的控制策略進(jìn)行研究。首先建立了直驅(qū)式永磁同步風(fēng)力發(fā)電系統(tǒng)的數(shù)學(xué)模型,包括風(fēng)機(jī)、永磁同步發(fā)電機(jī)、機(jī)側(cè)變流器、網(wǎng)側(cè)變流器及其直流環(huán)節(jié)的模型,并且研究了風(fēng)力機(jī)的槳距角控制、永磁同步發(fā)電機(jī)的控制、變流器的控制策略。其次,研究了永磁風(fēng)力發(fā)電系統(tǒng)在并網(wǎng)和孤島兩種模式下平滑切換的下垂控制策略。為了能實(shí)現(xiàn)穩(wěn)定的切換以并網(wǎng)逆變器為研究對(duì)象,分別提出了風(fēng)電微網(wǎng)并網(wǎng)運(yùn)行時(shí)基于下垂法的有功功率和無(wú)功功率解耦控制和孤島運(yùn)行模式下對(duì)線路壓降進(jìn)行補(bǔ)償?shù)母倪M(jìn)下垂控制策略。該策略實(shí)現(xiàn)了系統(tǒng)在孤島模式下隨機(jī)切入負(fù)荷的均勻分配和穩(wěn)定運(yùn)行,以及并網(wǎng)模式下直流母線電壓的穩(wěn)定和風(fēng)力發(fā)電機(jī)組最大功率的輸出。同時(shí)設(shè)計(jì)了并網(wǎng)預(yù)同步控制器,以確保并網(wǎng)運(yùn)行時(shí)不能對(duì)電網(wǎng)產(chǎn)生巨大的沖擊電流。最后,采用Matlab/Simulink仿真平臺(tái)搭建了包含直驅(qū)式風(fēng)力發(fā)電系統(tǒng)的微網(wǎng)仿真模型,實(shí)現(xiàn)了應(yīng)用改進(jìn)的下垂控制策略的微網(wǎng)在孤島模式與并網(wǎng)模式之間互相切換的仿真實(shí)驗(yàn)。結(jié)果表明改進(jìn)的下垂控制能使微網(wǎng)在孤島和并網(wǎng)兩種模式下平滑的切換,系統(tǒng)運(yùn)行穩(wěn)定,證明了所提方法的正確性。
[Abstract]:With the decreasing of fossil energy and the serious pollution of environment, renewable energy generation technology is developing rapidly. Distributed power generation technology has been widely concerned by the international community for its advantages of cleanliness, low energy consumption and flexible control, but distributed power supply is intermittent and uncertain. Direct grid-connected generation will have a significant impact on the regulation of distribution network and the safe and reliable operation of the whole power system. The proposed microgrid can integrate and integrate multiple distributed generation units (Distributed Generation,DG) and operate in island mode according to the operating conditions of the power system. It has been proved that DG can reduce the pressure of peak load and improve the power quality and reliability by using microgrid operation or island operation. The research object of this paper is micro-grid with direct drive wind power generation system. The control strategy of grid-connected converter and smooth switching between grid-connected operation and island operation mode of micro-grid are studied in this paper. Firstly, the mathematical model of direct drive permanent magnet synchronous wind power generation system is established, including fan, permanent magnet synchronous generator, machine side converter, grid side converter and its DC link model, and the pitch angle control of wind turbine is studied. Permanent magnet synchronous generator control, converter control strategy. Secondly, the sag control strategy of permanent magnet wind power generation system under grid-connected mode and island-connected mode is studied. In order to achieve stable switching, grid-connected inverters are studied. An improved droop control strategy is proposed to compensate the line voltage drop when wind power micro-grid is connected to the grid based on the decoupling control of the active power and reactive power based on the droop method and the isolated island operation mode. The strategy realizes the uniform distribution and stable operation of the random cut-in load in island mode, the stability of DC bus voltage in grid-connected mode and the maximum power output of wind turbine. At the same time, the grid-connected pre-synchronous controller is designed to ensure that the grid-connected operation can not produce a huge impact current. Finally, the micro-grid simulation model including direct-drive wind power generation system is built by using Matlab/Simulink simulation platform, and the simulation experiment of switching between island mode and grid-connected mode is realized by using the improved droop control strategy. The results show that the improved droop control can make the micro-grid switch smoothly in the two modes of island and grid-connected mode, and the system is stable, which proves the correctness of the proposed method.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TM464;TM315

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本文編號(hào)：2451192