發(fā)布時間：2018-10-26 10:42

【摘要】：隨著我國開始對低水頭河流及潮汐水力資源的開發(fā),貫流式水電機組的應用也不斷增加,但貫流式機組由于自身具有水頭低、水流慣性大、機組慣量小,且在過渡過程中水體附加轉動慣量占整體轉動慣量比重較大等特點,其在孤網(wǎng)模式下運行調(diào)節(jié)品質(zhì)較差,在帶超過40%負荷時機組不易穩(wěn)定,嚴重時導致孤網(wǎng)崩潰。所以對貫流式機組孤網(wǎng)運行的研究對其在孤網(wǎng)中的穩(wěn)定運行有非常重要的意義。本文針對貫流式水輪發(fā)電機組自身特點,在PSCAD仿真軟件中建立了水-機-電結合的仿真模型,通過仿真結果分析了在大、小兩種開度下,貫流式機組孤網(wǎng)運行,機組受到負荷擾動時,PID參數(shù)、導葉及槳葉開啟和關閉時間、導葉及槳葉接力器反應時間常數(shù),負荷擾動量,機網(wǎng)容量占比等因素對機組運行狀態(tài)的影響。仿真結果表明,機組的調(diào)節(jié)品質(zhì)及穩(wěn)定性在小開度下優(yōu)于大開度。而主要影響機組調(diào)節(jié)品質(zhì)的主要因素有比例增益、積分增益、導葉槳和葉關閉時間、負載擾動量和機網(wǎng)容量占比。比例增益在小開度下對轉速最大偏差值的影響相比于大開度更為明顯;積分增益同樣的在小開度下對轉速偏差最大值影響較大,而在大開度下對調(diào)節(jié)時間影響較大;導葉及槳葉關閉時間在大開度下對機組出力影響較大;負載擾動量在小開度下的調(diào)節(jié)品質(zhì)略微優(yōu)于大開度下;在大開度下,不同機網(wǎng)占比對調(diào)節(jié)時間影響較大,在小開度下,對轉速最大偏差值影響較大,且在小開度下機組的運行的穩(wěn)定性優(yōu)于大開度下。
[Abstract]:With the development of low-head rivers and tidal hydraulic resources in China, the application of tubular hydropower units is increasing, but due to their low water head, the inertia of water flow is large, and the inertia of units is small. In the process of transition, the additional moment of inertia of water body occupies a large proportion of the whole moment of inertia, which is poor in operation and regulation quality in the isolated network mode, and it is not easy to stabilize when the load is more than 40%, leading to the collapse of the isolated network when the load is more than 40%. Therefore, the research on the operation of the tubular unit has a very important significance for its stable operation in the isolated network. In this paper, according to the characteristics of the tubular turbine generator set, a simulation model of the combination of water, machine and electricity is established in the PSCAD simulation software. Through the simulation results, the isolated network operation of the tubular turbine unit is analyzed under the conditions of large opening and small opening. When the unit is disturbed by load, the factors such as PID parameters, the opening and closing time of guide vane and blade, the reaction time constant of guide vane and blade relay, the load disturbance quantity, the ratio of power grid capacity and so on affect the operating state of the unit. The simulation results show that the regulation quality and stability of the unit are superior to those of the large opening under the small opening. The main factors affecting the regulating quality of the unit are proportional gain, integral gain, guide vane and blade closing time, load disturbance and the proportion of power network capacity. The effect of the proportional gain on the maximum deviation of rotational speed is more obvious than that of the large opening, while the integral gain has the same effect on the maximum deviation of the rotational speed at the small opening, but on the adjusting time at the large opening. The closing time of the guide vane and the blade has a great influence on the generating force under the condition of large opening, and the adjustment quality of the load disturbance is slightly better than that under the large opening. Under the condition of large opening, the ratio of different machine net has a great influence on the adjusting time, and at small opening, it has a great influence on the maximum deviation value of rotational speed, and the running stability of the unit under small opening is better than that of large opening.
【學位授予單位】：西安理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TM312

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