行波超聲電機驅(qū)動建模與模糊PID控制系統(tǒng)研究
[Abstract]:Traveling wave ultrasonic motor (TWUSM) has many advantages, such as low speed and large torque, no electromagnetic interference, high positioning accuracy and fast response speed. However, it has the characteristics of nonlinearity and time-varying parameters, which makes it difficult to control its high performance and affects its application in aerospace field. On the basis of analyzing the operation mechanism of ultrasonic motor, the two-phase driving circuit model of ultrasonic motor is established, and the speed / position fuzzy self-tuning PID control system of ultrasonic motor based on phase difference is designed. In order to improve the dynamic performance of ultrasonic motor. (1) the operating mechanism of ultrasonic motor is analyzed, including the generating mechanism of traveling wave on stator surface and the elliptical motion analysis of stator surface particle. The operating mechanism shows that the motor speed can be changed by changing the driving voltage frequency, amplitude and phase difference. Based on the system equation of free vibration of piezoelectric vibrator and the equivalent circuit method, the two-phase equivalent circuit model of ultrasonic motor is established. It lays a foundation for the establishment of driving circuit model and the choice of driving mode. (2) the two-phase driving circuit model of ultrasonic motor and the analysis results of driving characteristics of ultrasonic motor based on model are given. The series matching and LLCC matching are applied to the driving circuit model of ultrasonic motor. The design method of ultrasonic motor matching inductance based on the combination of empirical formula and simulation analysis is presented. The single-phase and two-phase driving circuit simulation models of ultrasonic motor are established. The simulation results show that the LLCC matching method can effectively solve the problem of voltage amplitude inconsistency and achieve better matching, and based on the simulation model, the driving characteristics of ultrasonic motor are analyzed. The hardware design of ultrasonic motor drive circuit based on TMS320F2812 DSP chip is presented. The experimental results show that the driving circuit has good output waveform, stable signal and less clutter interference. (3) it is difficult to establish accurate mathematical model for ultrasonic motor, and the single control strategy is difficult to meet the requirements of high performance. The design scheme of fuzzy self-tuning PID control system for ultrasonic motor is presented, and the speed / position fuzzy self-tuning PID control model of ultrasonic motor based on voltage phase difference is constructed. This paper presents a method to adjust the speed of ultrasonic motor by changing the phase difference of two phase voltage signals. The simulation model of fuzzy self-tuning PID control for ultrasonic motor is established. The simulation results show that compared with the conventional PID controller, the control time of fuzzy self-tuning PID is 0.002 s shorter, the overshoot is reduced by 23s, the anti-jamming ability is better than the traditional PID controller, the step response speed of fuzzy self-tuning PID position control is faster and the transition is stable. Tracking target values are effective.
【學(xué)位授予單位】:大連海事大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】:碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】:2017
【分類號】:TP273;TM359.9
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