【摘要】：可再生能源的利用被廣泛認為是解決當(dāng)前全球能源問題的有效手段。作為可再生能源利用的重要方式,微電網(wǎng)中的分布式電源以及儲能設(shè)備的容量優(yōu)化配置問題值得重點研究。各類儲能元件在功率密度、能量密度、響應(yīng)速度(時間)及壽命周期等特性上具有較大差異;此外,不同類型和重要等級的負荷對供電可靠性的要求也各不相同,因而綜合考慮電源配合機理以及源-荷協(xié)調(diào)的電源容量優(yōu)化配置方法將極大地提高規(guī)劃方案的合理性。本文重點研究了自治微電網(wǎng)中的電源容量優(yōu)化問題,通過歸納和對比各類型電源的主要特性,分析得出了電源配合機理,在此基礎(chǔ)上提出了配置的基本原則,并提出了一種用于平衡規(guī)劃方案經(jīng)濟性和可靠性的“額外補償率(4CR)”指標(biāo),將其應(yīng)用于配置原則,形成了綜合考慮負荷特性的自治微電網(wǎng)源-荷協(xié)調(diào)配置策略。基于全壽命周期理論,建立了全面考慮經(jīng)濟性,可靠性和環(huán)保性的目標(biāo)函數(shù),并通過算例分析對提出的策略和建立的模型進行驗證。對某自治微電網(wǎng)規(guī)劃實例運用雞群算法(CSO)進行優(yōu)化計算,對計算結(jié)果進行了分析,并與經(jīng)典PSO算法的計算結(jié)果進行了對比。本文提出的協(xié)調(diào)配置策略可以實現(xiàn)微電網(wǎng)電源容量配置方案在經(jīng)濟性和可靠性之間的博弈與合理取舍,分析得出的ACR指標(biāo)與最優(yōu)規(guī)劃方案成本之間的關(guān)系可為微電網(wǎng)規(guī)劃決策者在面對不同場景下、不同可靠性和經(jīng)濟性要求下的規(guī)劃方案選取提供參考。
[Abstract]:The use of renewable energy is widely regarded as an effective means to solve the current global energy problems. As an important way of renewable energy utilization, the problem of distributed power generation and capacity optimization of energy storage equipment in microgrid deserves to be studied. There are great differences in power density, energy density, response speed (time) and life cycle of all kinds of energy storage elements. In addition, different types and important classes of loads require different reliability of power supply. Therefore, the rationality of the planning scheme will be greatly improved by considering the mechanism of power supply coordination and the optimal allocation of power supply capacity based on source-load coordination. This paper focuses on the optimization of power supply capacity in autonomous microgrid. By summarizing and comparing the main characteristics of various types of power supply, the mechanism of power supply coordination is analyzed and the basic principles of configuration are put forward. An "extra compensation rate (4CR)" index for the economy and reliability of the balanced planning scheme is proposed, which is applied to the allocation principle and forms a coordinated source-load allocation strategy for autonomous micro-power networks considering the load characteristics. Based on the life-cycle theory, an objective function considering economy, reliability and environmental protection is established, and the proposed strategy and the established model are verified by an example. The chicken swarm optimization algorithm (CSO) is used to optimize a certain autonomous microgrid planning example. The calculation results are analyzed and compared with those of the classical PSO algorithm. The coordinated configuration strategy proposed in this paper can realize the game and reasonable choice between economy and reliability of the configuration scheme of power supply capacity in microgrid. The relationship between the ACR index and the cost of the optimal planning scheme can be used as a reference for the decision makers of microgrid planning under different scenarios and different reliability and economic requirements.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華北電力大學(xué)(北京)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TM715

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