【摘要】：輸電線(xiàn)路在電力系統(tǒng)中具有舉足輕重的作用,同時(shí)也是故障率最高的元件之一。故障發(fā)生后,快速準(zhǔn)確的確定故障位置,對(duì)電力系統(tǒng)的快速恢復(fù)供電以及安全穩(wěn)定運(yùn)行具有十分重要的意義�，F(xiàn)有的輸電線(xiàn)路故障定位方法存在種種缺陷,尤其是對(duì)于多分支輸電線(xiàn)路,基于此,本文針對(duì)多分支輸電線(xiàn)路做了深入研究。輸電線(xiàn)路發(fā)生故障時(shí),由于故障行波在傳輸過(guò)程中存在衰減或者畸變,導(dǎo)致對(duì)行波波頭的檢測(cè)出現(xiàn)一定的誤差。基于此,本文給出了一種基于相位比較的多分支輸電線(xiàn)路故障定位方法。該方法通過(guò)在分支線(xiàn)路模型的基礎(chǔ)上加裝多個(gè)電流測(cè)點(diǎn),以減小故障區(qū)間,從而提高故障行波波頭的檢測(cè)精度。首先應(yīng)用加Kaiser窗的快速傅里葉變換(Fast Fourier Transform,FFT)比較相應(yīng)線(xiàn)路上測(cè)點(diǎn)之間的相位差,再利用非故障區(qū)間長(zhǎng)度與兩端測(cè)點(diǎn)檢測(cè)到的故障行波時(shí)間差的比值求得波速,最后根據(jù)雙端行波原理計(jì)算出故障點(diǎn)位置。該方法能夠準(zhǔn)確的判定出故障區(qū)間與故障相別,在克服T節(jié)點(diǎn)附近存在測(cè)距死區(qū)的基礎(chǔ)上,消除了波速不確定對(duì)定位結(jié)果的影響�；谛胁ü逃蓄l率的故障定位方法不受行波反射波頭檢測(cè)和同步時(shí)鐘的制約,具有較大的優(yōu)勢(shì),其核心問(wèn)題是進(jìn)行固有頻率的提取。線(xiàn)路發(fā)生故障時(shí),由于故障行波在故障點(diǎn)以及母線(xiàn)端會(huì)發(fā)生不同程度的折射與反射,容易引起固有頻率的混疊現(xiàn)象,從而造成提取到的固有頻率主成分存在誤差。針對(duì)以上問(wèn)題,本文提出了一種基于行波固有頻率主成分比較的T型輸電線(xiàn)路故障定位方法。該方法以變分模態(tài)分解(Variational Mode Decomposition,VMD)算法為基礎(chǔ),克服了傳統(tǒng)方法無(wú)法完全消除模態(tài)混疊的弊端,具有良好的模態(tài)穩(wěn)定性。并通過(guò)比較對(duì)應(yīng)支路上檢測(cè)到的故障暫態(tài)行波的固有頻率與T節(jié)點(diǎn)故障時(shí)行波的固有頻率的大小關(guān)系確定出故障區(qū)間,大大減小了故障區(qū)間判定的復(fù)雜度。多分支輸電線(xiàn)路由于線(xiàn)路結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜,使得對(duì)其精確的故障定位研究存在較大的困難。本文給出一種基于行波固有頻率的多分支輸電線(xiàn)路故障定位方法。將VMD算法與多信號(hào)分類(lèi)(Multiple Single Classification,MUSIC)算法相結(jié)合,得到相應(yīng)模態(tài)下的頻譜圖,通過(guò)對(duì)多分支輸電線(xiàn)路的故障電流行波傳播路徑進(jìn)行深入的分析,提取出固有頻率的主成分,進(jìn)而進(jìn)行故障測(cè)距,解決了多分支線(xiàn)路由于結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜而故障定位困難的問(wèn)題。
[Abstract]:Transmission line plays an important role in power system, and it is also one of the components with the highest failure rate. It is very important to locate the fault location quickly and accurately after the fault occurs, which is of great significance for the power system to restore power supply quickly and operate safely and steadily. Especially for Multi-branch transmission lines, based on this, this paper makes an in-depth study of multi-branch transmission lines. When transmission lines fail, due to the attenuation or distortion of fault traveling wave in the transmission process, the detection of traveling wave head will appear certain errors. A fault location method for branch transmission lines is presented in this paper. The fault region is reduced by adding several current measuring points on the basis of branch line model, and the detection accuracy of fault traveling wave head is improved. Then the velocity is calculated by the ratio of the length of the non-fault interval to the time difference of the fault traveling wave detected at both ends. Finally, the location of the fault point is calculated according to the principle of two-terminal traveling wave. Fault location method based on traveling wave natural frequency is not restricted by traveling wave reflection wave head detection and synchronous clock, and its core problem is to extract the natural frequency. In view of the above problems, this paper proposes a fault location method for T-type transmission lines based on traveling wave natural frequency principal component comparison. The method is based on the Variational Mode Decomposition (VMD) algorithm. By comparing the natural frequencies of the transient traveling waves detected on the corresponding branches with those of the traveling waves at T-nodes, the fault intervals are determined, which greatly reduces the complexity of fault interval determination. Because of the complex structure of transmission lines, it is difficult to locate the faults accurately. In this paper, a multi-branch transmission line fault location method based on traveling wave natural frequency is presented. Through in-depth analysis of fault current traveling wave propagation path of multi-branch transmission lines, the principal component of natural frequency is extracted, and then fault location is carried out.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華北電力大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TM755

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本文編號(hào)：2215033