【摘要】：熱和電是能源互聯(lián)網消費終端中的兩種重要產品,熱電聯(lián)產機組可同時滿足熱和電的供應需求,傳統(tǒng)的中間抽汽式供熱機組由于抽汽品質仍然較高,依然存在較大的?損失,空冷高背壓供熱模式則是利用排汽作為熱源,更好得符合了“溫度對口,梯級利用”的總能系統(tǒng)原則,近些年得到大力發(fā)展。與傳統(tǒng)抽汽供熱方式相比,直接空冷高背壓供熱機組具有顯著的冷端運行復雜性,當外界熱負荷和電負荷發(fā)生變化時,機組彈性運行對應的參數狀態(tài)、限制邊界及能耗特性均不同于凝汽式空冷機組或背壓式供熱機組。對于空冷供熱機組,系統(tǒng)供熱特性與環(huán)境溫度存在很強的依變關系。一方面,環(huán)境溫度變化時刻影響熱負荷供應需求;同時,空冷島的冷卻效果也受到環(huán)境風溫度和迎面風速等因素影響。作為熱源的供熱凝汽器和承擔剩余冷卻負荷任務的空冷島作為機組冷端的兩大部分,在變工況運行時也存在著復雜的耦合關系�？紤]到冬季供熱的重要性,大部分機組均采取“以熱定電”的運行方式以滿足熱負荷實時變化需求;空冷島在冬季也有著嚴格的阻塞背壓和防凍流量要求,因此,研究直接空冷高背壓供熱機組的梯級供熱特性,以及不同工況下空冷系統(tǒng)與供熱系統(tǒng)的協(xié)同運行優(yōu)化至關重要。在新能源裝機比例不斷上升的新常態(tài)下,熱電機組如何應對能源供給側改革的要求值得關注�；贓ES和Ebsilon平臺建立了直接空冷高背壓供熱機組的傳熱和供熱特性模型,針對不同的熱負荷和電負荷狀況,探討熱網采用質調節(jié),量調節(jié),質-量并行調節(jié)時機組冷端參數的變化和彈性運行的邊界,以汽輪機背壓為特征參數確定機組在特定負荷下不同運行工況的能耗情況,以西北地區(qū)某省級電網的用電負荷,風電負荷及熱負荷為案例,探討供熱期內典型溫度范圍內的高背壓供熱機組的彈性運行能力,得到了熱電彈性運行對于風力發(fā)電波動的平抑效果,為能源互聯(lián)網供給側改革和區(qū)域能源規(guī)劃提供參考。
[Abstract]:Heat and electricity are two important products in the energy internet consumption terminal. The heat and electricity cogeneration unit can meet the supply demand of heat and electricity at the same time. Loss, air cooling high back pressure heating mode is to use exhaust steam as heat source, better in line with the "temperature matching, cascade utilization" of the total energy system principle, has been vigorously developed in recent years. Compared with the traditional extraction heating mode, the direct air-cooled high backpressure heating unit has remarkable cold end operation complexity. When the external heat load and electric load change, the corresponding parameter state of the unit's elastic operation is obtained. The limited boundary and energy consumption characteristics are different from condensed air cooling units or backpressure heat supply units. For air-cooled heating units, there is a strong dependent relationship between system heating characteristics and ambient temperature. On the one hand, the change of ambient temperature affects the demand of heat load supply, and the cooling effect of air-cooled island is also affected by the factors such as the ambient wind temperature and the direct wind speed. The heating condenser as a heat source and the air-cooled island which takes on the task of residual cooling load as the two parts of the unit cold end also have complex coupling relations in the operation of variable working conditions. Considering the importance of heating in winter, most units adopt the operation mode of "heating with heat" to meet the demand of real-time change of heat load. The air-cooled island also has strict requirements of blocking back pressure and anti-freezing flow in winter, so, It is very important to study the cascade heating characteristics of direct air cooling high back pressure heating units and to optimize the coordinated operation of air cooling system and heating system under different working conditions. Under the new normal condition with the increasing proportion of new energy installed, how to deal with the demand of energy supply side reform is worthy of attention. Based on the platform of EES and Ebsilon, the heat transfer and heating characteristic model of direct air cooling high back pressure heating unit is established. According to the different heat load and electric load, the heat network adopts quality regulation and quantity regulation. The change of unit cold end parameters and the boundary of elastic operation under the condition of parallel quality and quantity regulation. The energy consumption of the unit under different operating conditions under specific load is determined by the characteristic parameters of steam turbine back pressure, and the power load of a provincial power network in Northwest China is used. Wind power load and heat load are taken as examples to discuss the elastic operation ability of high back pressure heat supply units in the typical temperature range of heat supply period, and the effect of thermoelectric elastic operation on the fluctuation of wind power generation is obtained. For the energy supply side of the Internet reform and regional energy planning to provide a reference.
【學位授予單位】：華北電力大學(北京)
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TM621

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