【摘要】：動(dòng)力型鋰電池目前已經(jīng)在新能源汽車(chē)等領(lǐng)域中得到廣泛應(yīng)用,電池內(nèi)阻是影響和評(píng)判鋰電池儲(chǔ)能過(guò)程中最重要的因素之一,電池內(nèi)阻的實(shí)時(shí)變化能夠精準(zhǔn)地反映出電池的運(yùn)行狀態(tài)和健康狀態(tài)等特性,以檢測(cè)電池內(nèi)阻的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)來(lái)衡量評(píng)估鋰電池性能的好壞逐漸得到人們認(rèn)可。由于測(cè)量鋰電池內(nèi)阻阻值范圍是在毫歐級(jí)別的微弱信號(hào)檢測(cè),對(duì)于檢測(cè)這樣高精度的微弱信號(hào),無(wú)論在檢測(cè)技術(shù)上、測(cè)量方法上還是在電路設(shè)計(jì)環(huán)節(jié)上都要完整可靠地保留有效信號(hào),并且在信號(hào)放大和濾波電路中能夠?yàn)V出工頻信號(hào)干擾和周?chē)娐返牟y干擾信號(hào)等擾動(dòng),確保檢測(cè)信號(hào)的精確度在有效范圍內(nèi)。本文從鋰電池內(nèi)阻成因機(jī)理分析,根據(jù)鋰電池內(nèi)阻由歐姆內(nèi)阻和極化內(nèi)阻主要構(gòu)成,建立電池內(nèi)阻等效模型,采用基于改進(jìn)式的四端子交流注入法來(lái)檢測(cè)電池內(nèi)阻阻值。通過(guò)分析電池內(nèi)阻的化學(xué)阻抗譜,確定電池內(nèi)阻適合的頻率段,頻率范圍在100~10k Hz時(shí),電池內(nèi)阻的動(dòng)態(tài)變化趨于穩(wěn)定,便于測(cè)量和檢測(cè)。電池內(nèi)阻檢測(cè)系統(tǒng)分別介紹和設(shè)計(jì)了交流激恒流源模塊、差分放大電路、模擬乘法電路、濾波電路、A/D轉(zhuǎn)換模塊、主控制電路模塊,其中把正弦信號(hào)發(fā)生器設(shè)計(jì)單獨(dú)獨(dú)立模塊,用離散化的方法實(shí)現(xiàn)軟件中數(shù)字濾波的設(shè)計(jì),還完成了測(cè)試系統(tǒng)軟件設(shè)計(jì)部分,確立程序流程圖和完成軟件編程。在Matlab中建立模型,對(duì)檢測(cè)的各部分電路模塊環(huán)節(jié)進(jìn)行調(diào)試、對(duì)比,來(lái)測(cè)試檢測(cè)系統(tǒng)的各項(xiàng)性能指標(biāo)是否符合標(biāo)準(zhǔn),對(duì)電池內(nèi)阻進(jìn)行重復(fù)采樣檢測(cè),并取其平均值和方差來(lái)評(píng)估電池內(nèi)阻的波動(dòng)幅度及穩(wěn)定性,通過(guò)仿真驗(yàn)證,保證設(shè)計(jì)方案對(duì)電池內(nèi)阻檢測(cè)誤差范圍控制在±1.1%,表明本方案有效性和可行性。
[Abstract]:The dynamic lithium battery has been widely used in the field of new energy vehicle and so on. The internal resistance of the battery is one of the most important factors that influence and judge the energy storage process of the lithium battery. The real-time variation of battery internal resistance can accurately reflect the characteristics of the battery, such as the operating state and the health state, and the evaluation of lithium battery performance by measuring the battery internal resistance has been gradually recognized. Because measuring the range of internal resistance of lithium batteries is a weak signal detection at the millimeter level, for detecting such a high precision weak signal, no matter in the detection technology, The effective signal should be kept completely and reliably in the measuring method or in the circuit design, and the disturbance such as the interference of the operating frequency signal and the corrugated interference signal of the surrounding circuit can be filtered out in the signal amplifying and filtering circuit. Ensure that the accuracy of the detection signal is within the effective range. Based on the analysis of the formation mechanism of internal resistance of lithium battery, according to the internal resistance of lithium battery is mainly composed of ohmic internal resistance and polarized internal resistance, an equivalent model of battery internal resistance is established, and an improved four-terminal AC injection method is used to detect the internal resistance of the battery. By analyzing the chemical impedance spectrum of the battery internal resistance, the suitable frequency range of the battery internal resistance is determined. When the frequency range is 100 ~ 10k Hz, the dynamic change of the battery internal resistance tends to be stable, which is easy to measure and detect. The battery internal resistance detection system introduces and designs AC exciting constant current source module, differential amplifier circuit, analog multiplication circuit, filter circuit A / D conversion module, main control circuit module respectively, in which the sinusoidal signal generator is designed as an independent module. The design of digital filter in software is realized by discrete method. The software design part of test system is also completed. The flow chart and software programming are established. Build a model in Matlab, debug and compare each part of the circuit module to test whether the performance index of the detection system conforms to the standard, and carry on the repeated sampling detection to the battery internal resistance. The average value and variance are taken to evaluate the fluctuation range and stability of the battery internal resistance. The simulation results show that the error range of the design is 鹵1.1, which shows the effectiveness and feasibility of the scheme.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：長(zhǎng)春工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TM912

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