【摘要】：在環(huán)境問題日益嚴峻,化石能源日益枯竭的今天,開發(fā)具有高比能的二次電池系統(tǒng)顯得尤為重要。鋰硫電池以其高理論能量密度和低環(huán)境影響的優(yōu)勢成為最有潛力的下一代電化學(xué)儲能系統(tǒng)之一。然而受制于硫的絕緣性質(zhì)以及由多硫化鋰的溶解所引起的穿梭效應(yīng),鋰硫電池的實用化進程還面臨著諸多困難。為彌補常用的碳質(zhì)載體對穩(wěn)定硫電極的物理限制作用的不足,近年來對多硫化物具有強烈化學(xué)結(jié)合作用的載體材料的應(yīng)用,顯著提升了復(fù)合硫電極的綜合性能,為鋰硫電池正極材料的設(shè)計提供了新的思路。本文綜述了各種具有化學(xué)吸附特性的載體材料在復(fù)合硫電極中的應(yīng)用進展,具體包括:基于極性-極性作用固定多硫化物的金屬氧化物、改性的碳質(zhì)材料、能夠與硫發(fā)生硫化作用的有機聚合物以及對多硫化物具有路易斯酸堿作用的金屬有機骨架,重點闡述了這類載體材料與多硫化物的作用機理,并展望鋰硫電池的發(fā)展方向。
[Abstract]:With the increasingly severe environmental problems and the increasingly exhaustion of fossil energy, the development of two battery systems with high specific energy is particularly important. Lithium sulfur batteries have become one of the most potential next generation electrochemical energy storage systems with their high theoretical energy density and low environmental impact. There are many difficulties in the practical process of lithium sulfur batteries due to the shuttling effect caused by the dissolution of lithium. In order to make up for the deficiency of the physical restriction of the common carbonaceous carrier to the stable sulfur electrode, the application of the carrier material with strong chemical binding effect on the polysulfide in recent years has greatly improved the comprehensive performance of the composite sulfur electrode. A new idea for the design of cathode materials for lithium and sulfur batteries is provided. This article reviews the application progress of various carrier materials with chemical adsorption properties in the composite sulfur electrodes, including the metal oxides, modified carbon materials based on polar polarity and immobilization of polysulfide, and organic polymers that can be vulcanized with sulfur. As well as the organic skeleton of the polysulfide with the action of Lewis acid and alkali, the mechanism of this kind of carrier material and polysulfide is emphatically expounded, and the development direction of the lithium sulfur battery is looked forward.
【作者單位】： 北京理工大學(xué)材料學(xué)院環(huán)境科學(xué)與工程北京市重點實驗室;北京電動車輛協(xié)同創(chuàng)新中心;
【基金】：國家自然科學(xué)基金項目(No.51472032,21573017) 國家重點研發(fā)計劃(No.2016YFB01003) 新世紀優(yōu)秀人才支持計劃(NCET-13-0044) 北京市重點高校重大成果轉(zhuǎn)化項目資助~~
【分類號】：TM912

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