【摘要】：隨著近年來國民經(jīng)濟的飛速發(fā)展和生活水平的不斷提高,以電力電子技術(shù)為基礎(chǔ)的中大功率裝置以及非線性負載在工業(yè)和民用系統(tǒng)中得到大量應(yīng)用,這對電網(wǎng)的穩(wěn)定性和電能質(zhì)量造成嚴重影響。有源電力濾波器(Active Power Filter, APF)作為一種新穎的電力電子技術(shù)領(lǐng)域裝置,因其優(yōu)越的諧波抑制和無功補償性能,正受到越來越多的關(guān)注并得到應(yīng)用。但是,受電力電子開關(guān)器件耐壓和開關(guān)頻率的限制,APF并不能完全適應(yīng)高壓大功率的工作環(huán)境。本文結(jié)合實際應(yīng)用,研究了基于H橋級聯(lián)多電平技術(shù)的并聯(lián)型有源濾波器,通過模塊化的級聯(lián)以提高APF的耐壓和增加輸出電平數(shù),在高壓大功率諧波補償場合有很好的應(yīng)用前景。同時討論了H橋級聯(lián)多電平技術(shù)的拓展應(yīng)用,對該拓撲進行電力電容器組柔性投切的可能性做出設(shè)想并進行實驗驗證。首先,對基于瞬時無功功率理論的d_q檢測法進行分析,并作為本文所研究的并聯(lián)型有源濾波器檢測方法。針對電流跟蹤控制方法,介紹了直接電流控制方法中的三角載波比較控制法,并就該方法分析了PI控制器和重復(fù)控制器的原理并進行控制器的設(shè)計,再將兩者結(jié)合,研究基于這兩種控制法的復(fù)合控制策略,該復(fù)合控制策略既保證了跟蹤誤差的盡可能小,又兼顧了變流器的響應(yīng)速度。就所研究的并聯(lián)型有源濾波器模型中開關(guān)器件IGBT的型號、H橋功率模塊中直流側(cè)電容數(shù)值以及交流側(cè)單電感濾波器的選型進行了分析計算。其次,討論了該H橋級聯(lián)有源濾波器的單極倍頻載波移相調(diào)制方法,就單極倍頻控制方法,具體分析了單極倍頻CPS-SPWM方法中輸出波形基波分量和諧波分量的組成。由于每個H橋功率單元直流穩(wěn)壓電容互相獨立,且模塊間損耗存在差異,運行時直流側(cè)電壓會產(chǎn)生波動,因此討論了兩層結(jié)構(gòu)的直流側(cè)電壓均壓穩(wěn)壓控制方法,即上層進行相間直流電壓總壓的穩(wěn)壓,下層進行每個H橋功率單元直流側(cè)的均壓,并分別就控制器設(shè)計和充放電情況進行分析。然后,以PSIM仿真軟件為實驗仿真平臺,搭建了三相星形連接H橋三級聯(lián)拓撲的APF仿真模型。設(shè)計并組裝了H橋級聯(lián)APF的硬件實驗平臺,并對主電路、控制系統(tǒng)和結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計進行闡述,就軟啟動、直流側(cè)穩(wěn)壓、定量發(fā)無功和諧波補償?shù)裙δ芊謩e進行實驗和記錄,驗證了本文所述的理論和各種控制策略的可行性和正確性。最后,在分析H橋級聯(lián)多電平技術(shù)的相關(guān)控制方法,并實驗研究基于該拓撲結(jié)構(gòu)的APF的基礎(chǔ)上,為進一步討論H橋級聯(lián)多電平技術(shù)的優(yōu)越性和應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域拓展,同時基于江蘇省電力公司經(jīng)濟技術(shù)研究院的項目依托,探討了將H橋級聯(lián)多電平技術(shù)運用到電力電容器組的柔性投切技術(shù)當中。在原先H橋級聯(lián)APF硬件實驗平臺的基礎(chǔ)上,改造了一套柔性投切試驗平臺,介紹了主電路連接方式及其控制方法,對電容器組進行柔性投切,并對補償容量進行動態(tài)控制,分析該方法對電能質(zhì)量指標的改善。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of the national economy and the continuous improvement of the living standard in recent years, the power and electronic technology based medium and large power devices and nonlinear loads have been widely used in industrial and civil systems, which have a serious impact on the stability and power quality of the power grid. Active power filter (Active Power Filter, APF) Because of its superior harmonic suppression and reactive power compensation performance, the device of a novel power electronic technology field is being paid more and more attention and has been applied. However, APF can not fully adapt to the working environment of high voltage and large work rate due to the pressure and switching frequency of power electronic switching devices. The parallel active filter based on H bridge cascaded multilevel technology can improve the voltage and output level of APF by modularization cascade. It has a good application prospect in the high-voltage and high-power harmonic compensation situation. At the same time, the extended application of cascaded multilevel technology of H bridge is discussed, and the flexible switching of the power capacitor bank is carried out in this topology. First, the d_q detection method based on the instantaneous reactive power theory is analyzed, and as the parallel active filter detection method studied in this paper, the three angle carrier comparison control method in the direct current control method is introduced, and the PI method is introduced, and the method is analyzed in this method. The principle of the controller and the repetitive controller is designed and the controller is designed. Then the combination of the two is combined to study the compound control strategy based on these two control methods. The compound control strategy not only ensures the minimum tracking error as small as possible, but also takes into account the response speed of the converter. In the study of the shunt active filter model, the switch device IGBT The model, the DC side capacitance value of the H bridge power module and the selection of the AC side single inductor filter are analyzed and calculated. Secondly, the monopole frequency shift modulation method of the H bridge cascaded active filter is discussed, and the single pole frequency doubling control method is used to analyze the output waveform base wave component of the single pole frequency doubling CPS-SPWM method. The composition of harmonic components. Because the DC voltage stable capacitor of each H bridge power unit is independent of each other, and the loss among modules is different, the DC side voltage will fluctuate during operation. Therefore, the DC side voltage and voltage steady voltage control method of the two layer structure is discussed, that is, the upper layer carries out the voltage steady voltage of the phase direct current voltage, and the lower layer carries out each H bridge power. The controller design and charge discharge situation are analyzed respectively. Then, using PSIM simulation software as the experimental simulation platform, the APF simulation model of the three-phase star connected H bridge three cascade topology is built. The hardware experiment platform of the H bridge cascade APF is designed and assembled, and the main circuit, the control system and the structure design are carried out. In this paper, the functions of soft start, DC side voltage stabilizing and quantitative reactive power and harmonic compensation are tested and recorded respectively. The feasibility and correctness of the theory and various control strategies described in this paper are verified. Finally, the related control methods of the H bridge cascade multilevel technology are analyzed, and the APF based on the topology is studied experimentally. In order to further discuss the advantages and application fields of H bridge cascaded multilevel technology, based on the support of Jiangsu electric power company's economic and Technical Research Institute, the application of cascaded multilevel technology of H bridge to the flexible switching technology of power capacitor banks is discussed. On the basis of the original H bridge cascade APF hardware experimental platform, the transformation is made. A set of flexible cutting and cutting test platform is introduced. The connection mode and control method of the main circuit are introduced, the capacitor bank is flexibly cast, and the compensation capacity is dynamically controlled, and the improvement of the power quality index is analyzed.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：TM761

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