本文選題：同步磁阻電機(jī) + 最大轉(zhuǎn)矩電流比　； 參考：《浙江大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：本文首先從磁場角度介紹同步磁阻電機(jī)的工作原理。接著,在三相靜止坐標(biāo)系下對同步磁阻電機(jī)建立磁鏈、電壓和電感、電流等參數(shù)之間的關(guān)系,通過恒相幅值變換將參數(shù)關(guān)系轉(zhuǎn)換到兩相旋轉(zhuǎn)坐標(biāo)系下,使參數(shù)關(guān)系大大簡化,并使用矢量關(guān)系圖直觀描述各個物理量之間關(guān)系,討論同步磁阻電機(jī)工作過程。由于磁性材料存在飽和效應(yīng),同步磁阻電機(jī)實(shí)際工作過程中d、q軸電感是隨d、q軸電流變化的,故需要探究這種變化規(guī)律,并根據(jù)這種規(guī)律搭建同步磁阻電機(jī)的仿真模型,進(jìn)而根據(jù)同步磁阻電機(jī)數(shù)學(xué)模型來確定d、q軸電流的合理分配,通過矢量控制優(yōu)化轉(zhuǎn)矩電流比。本文分析三種矢量控制方式,即:①理想電機(jī)模型下id=iq的電流分配方式;②使用函數(shù)擬合d軸電感,并假定q軸電感為常值,進(jìn)而推導(dǎo)出d、q軸電流分配關(guān)系;③使用有限元法找到任意給定轉(zhuǎn)矩下的電流最小值,由此擬合得到d、q軸電流的最優(yōu)分配關(guān)系。然后,對于所需的電磁轉(zhuǎn)矩,將三種方法得到的電流幅值進(jìn)行對比分析,進(jìn)而研究同步磁阻電機(jī)的優(yōu)化矢量控制方法。為了實(shí)現(xiàn)對同步磁阻電機(jī)的驅(qū)動、控制,本文從硬件和軟件兩個方面介紹實(shí)驗(yàn)平臺。硬件方面主要有單片機(jī)核心板、PWM信號電平轉(zhuǎn)換電路、可拼裝式功率模塊、編碼器及其信號處理電路、電流信號采樣電路等。軟件方面主要是配合硬件實(shí)現(xiàn)各模塊的功能,如三相電流的測量、電機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)子初始位置的確定、轉(zhuǎn)速的測量等等,最終按照同步磁阻電機(jī)的控制框圖實(shí)現(xiàn)所有的功能。電機(jī)加工與裝配過程中引入的誤差,可能對同步磁阻電機(jī)性能產(chǎn)生影響。針對一臺優(yōu)化過的同步磁阻電機(jī),分別討論沖片沖制產(chǎn)生的毛刺、沖制邊緣的材料磁性能變差、疊壓自扣片、鉚接錯位以及定轉(zhuǎn)子裝配偏心等對電機(jī)平均轉(zhuǎn)矩、轉(zhuǎn)矩脈動、效率以及單邊磁拉力的影響,從而總結(jié)同步磁阻電機(jī)加工過程中需要嚴(yán)格控制偏差的工藝。
[Abstract]:This paper first introduces the working principle of synchronous reluctance motor from the magnetic field point of view. Then, the relationship among flux, voltage, inductance, current and other parameters of synchronous reluctance motor is established in three-phase stationary coordinate system. The parameter relationship is transformed into two-phase rotating coordinate system by constant phase amplitude transformation, which greatly simplifies the parameter relationship. The working process of synchronous reluctance motor is discussed. Because of the saturation effect of magnetic material, the inductance of dnq-axis changes with the current of dq-axis in the actual working process of synchronous reluctance motor, so it is necessary to explore the law of change, and build the simulation model of synchronous reluctance motor according to this rule. Then according to the mathematical model of synchronous reluctance motor, the reasonable distribution of the current of dq-axis is determined, and the torque / current ratio is optimized by vector control. In this paper, three kinds of vector control methods are analyzed, that is, the current distribution mode of id=iq under the ideal motor model of 1: 1. The d-axis inductance is fitted by function, and the Q-axis inductance is assumed to be a constant value, and the current distribution relation of danq-axis is deduced. (3) the finite element method is used to find the minimum value of current at any given torque, and the optimal distribution relation of the current in dnq-axis is obtained by fitting the finite element method. Then, for the required electromagnetic torque, the current amplitudes obtained by the three methods are compared and analyzed, and the optimal vector control method for synchronous reluctance motor is studied. In order to realize the drive and control of synchronous reluctance motor, this paper introduces the experimental platform from two aspects: hardware and software. In hardware, there are PWM signal level conversion circuit, assembled power module, encoder and its signal processing circuit, current signal sampling circuit and so on. The software mainly realizes the functions of each module with hardware, such as the measurement of three-phase current, the determination of the initial position of the motor rotor, the measurement of the rotational speed and so on. Finally, all the functions are realized according to the control block diagram of the synchronous reluctance motor. The error introduced in the process of machining and assembling of motor may affect the performance of synchronous reluctance motor. For an optimized synchronous reluctance motor, the average torque and torque ripple of the motor, such as burr produced by punching, poor magnetic properties of materials at the edge of punching, superimposed self-buckling, riveting dislocation and eccentric assembly of stator and rotor, are discussed respectively. The effects of efficiency and unilateral magnetic pull force on the machining process of synchronous reluctance motor are summarized.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TM352

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本文編號：2059266