發(fā)布時間：2018-06-24 01:36

  本文選題：虛擬發(fā)電廠 + 模糊優(yōu)化��； 參考：《華北電力大學(xué)(北京)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：長期以來,世界范圍內(nèi)對化石能源過度的利用,導(dǎo)致目前世界各國均面臨著嚴(yán)峻的能源危機(jī)和環(huán)境問題,這些問題不僅制約著社會和經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展,如果不得到妥善處理,還將嚴(yán)重威脅人類生存。面對嚴(yán)峻的形勢,我國提出大力實施“一帶一路”和“全球能源互聯(lián)網(wǎng)”戰(zhàn)略,電氣化和清潔化成為了全球性能源發(fā)展的主流趨勢,加快電網(wǎng)互聯(lián)和網(wǎng)架建設(shè),積極推進(jìn)特高壓電網(wǎng)建設(shè),促進(jìn)智能電網(wǎng)的不斷完善,不斷推進(jìn)“兩個替代”,充分利用我國風(fēng)能和太陽能,提高新能源的滲透率,減少“三北”地區(qū)的棄風(fēng)棄光現(xiàn)象,減少傳統(tǒng)排污系數(shù)大的火電機(jī)組的排污量,實現(xiàn)環(huán)境效益的提升,實現(xiàn)用能與環(huán)境的兼顧和可持續(xù)發(fā)展。本文首先針對新能源消納能力方面進(jìn)行研究,對電網(wǎng)的風(fēng)-光消納能力進(jìn)行優(yōu)化,建立了以發(fā)電經(jīng)濟(jì)成本、新能源消納量和污染物排放量為目標(biāo)函數(shù)的多目標(biāo)優(yōu)化調(diào)度模型,提出商業(yè)化激勵強(qiáng)度、新能源滲透率和減排清潔改變量三個評價指標(biāo)對模型的優(yōu)化結(jié)果進(jìn)行評估,實現(xiàn)降低發(fā)電成本,提高新能源發(fā)電消納能力以及顯著減少污染物排放量的目的。隨后,本文引入虛擬發(fā)電廠概念,由于其能夠有效統(tǒng)籌、整合各類分布式能源和需求側(cè)資源,減小新能源出力的隨機(jī)性和波動性。本文還構(gòu)建了考慮環(huán)境效益含小型的風(fēng)電場、燃?xì)廨啓C(jī)、可中斷負(fù)荷和抽水蓄能電站構(gòu)成的虛擬發(fā)電廠模糊優(yōu)化決策模型,采用多場景法處理日前電價和風(fēng)電出力的不確定性,以商業(yè)型虛擬發(fā)電廠收益和環(huán)境效益為優(yōu)化目標(biāo),引入模糊滿意度理論處理目標(biāo)函數(shù),應(yīng)用熵權(quán)理論簡化模型,得到最優(yōu)的調(diào)度決策方案,實現(xiàn)兼顧虛擬發(fā)電廠收益最大和環(huán)境效益最優(yōu)的目標(biāo)。算例結(jié)果表明本文提出的多目標(biāo)模糊優(yōu)化調(diào)度模型,采用多場景法處理日前市場電價和風(fēng)電出力的不確定性,引入最大滿意度指標(biāo),運(yùn)用模糊滿意度理論和熵權(quán)理論能夠有效簡化相互矛盾的多目標(biāo)模型的復(fù)雜程度,將非線性多目標(biāo)問題單目標(biāo)線性化,得到優(yōu)化決策模型的最佳方案。模型能夠統(tǒng)籌兼顧發(fā)電成本的經(jīng)濟(jì)性、新能源消納量和污染物排放量的環(huán)境效益,引導(dǎo)發(fā)電企業(yè)節(jié)能化、低污染化,提高新能源利用率。決策者可根據(jù)具體情況調(diào)整優(yōu)化模型的偏好,面對實際情況可以增減本文優(yōu)化模型內(nèi)部單元和約束條件,對虛擬發(fā)電廠日前調(diào)度提供參考,為電力節(jié)能減排和可持續(xù)發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略提供借鑒和參考。
[Abstract]:For a long time, the excessive use of fossil energy in the world has led to the severe energy crisis and environmental problems facing all countries in the world at present. These problems not only restrict the social and economic development, but also, if not properly dealt with, It will also pose a serious threat to the survival of mankind. Facing the severe situation, our country puts forward the strategy of "Belt and Road" and "Global Energy Internet", electrification and cleanliness become the mainstream trend of global energy development, and speed up the interconnection of power grid and the construction of grid frame. Actively promoting the construction of the UHV power grid, promoting the continuous improvement of the smart grid, continuously promoting "two alternatives", making full use of wind and solar energy in China, increasing the permeability of new energy sources, and reducing the phenomenon of abandoned wind and light in the "three north" areas, To reduce the amount of sewage discharged by traditional thermal power units with large discharge coefficient, to improve the environmental efficiency, to realize the consideration of energy use and environment and to achieve sustainable development. In this paper, firstly, the new energy consumption capacity is studied, and the wind-light absorption capacity of the power network is optimized, and a multi-objective optimal dispatching model is established, which takes the economic cost of power generation, the amount of new energy consumption and the pollutant emission as the objective function. The commercial incentive intensity, the new energy permeability and the clean change of emission reduction are proposed to evaluate the optimization results of the model, so as to reduce the cost of power generation. The purpose of improving the absorption capacity of new energy generation and significantly reducing pollutant emissions. Then, this paper introduces the concept of virtual power plant, because it can effectively coordinate, integrate all kinds of distributed energy and demand-side resources, reduce the randomness and volatility of new energy output. In this paper, a fuzzy optimal decision model of a virtual power plant, which includes small wind farm, gas turbine, interruptible load and pumped-storage power station, is constructed. The multi-scene method is used to deal with the uncertainty of pre-day electricity price and wind power generation. Taking the profit and environmental benefit of the commercial virtual power plant as the optimization objective, the fuzzy satisfaction theory is introduced to deal with the objective function, and the entropy weight theory is applied to simplify the model, and the optimal scheduling decision scheme is obtained. The goal of taking into account the maximum revenue and the optimal environmental benefit of the virtual power plant is achieved. The simulation results show that the multi-objective fuzzy optimal scheduling model proposed in this paper adopts the multi-scene method to deal with the uncertainty of electricity price and wind power in the pre-day market, and introduces the maximum satisfaction index. The fuzzy satisfaction theory and entropy weight theory can effectively simplify the complexity of the contradictory multi-objective model, linearize the nonlinear multi-objective problem with single objective, and obtain the optimal scheme of the optimal decision model. The model can take into account the economy of power generation cost, the environmental benefit of new energy consumption and pollutant emission, and guide power generation enterprises to save energy, reduce pollution and improve the utilization rate of new energy. The decision maker can adjust the preference of the optimization model according to the specific situation, and in the face of the actual situation, can add or decrease the internal units and constraints of the optimization model in this paper, and provide a reference for the pre-day dispatching of the virtual power plant. It provides reference and reference for energy saving and emission reduction and sustainable development strategy of electric power.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華北電力大學(xué)(北京)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TM73;TM62

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本文編號：2059384