本文選題：高細(xì)分 + 恒流驅(qū)動(dòng)��； 參考：《安徽理工大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展,步進(jìn)電機(jī)在工業(yè)生產(chǎn)與社會(huì)生活中的應(yīng)用越來越廣泛,對(duì)精度的要求也在不斷提高。日益擴(kuò)展的實(shí)際應(yīng)用需求,不僅對(duì)步進(jìn)電機(jī)結(jié)構(gòu)提出了更高的要求,而且對(duì)步進(jìn)電機(jī)的驅(qū)動(dòng)控制也提出了更高的要求。雖然步進(jìn)電機(jī)存在很多的優(yōu)點(diǎn),但是實(shí)際應(yīng)用起來也有許多的不方便,很大程度上是受到步進(jìn)電機(jī)驅(qū)動(dòng)器的限制。步進(jìn)電機(jī)的應(yīng)用必須選用與之匹配的步進(jìn)電機(jī)驅(qū)動(dòng)器,以滿足電機(jī)對(duì)不同電流大小的要求。而且現(xiàn)在的很多控制器不夠智能化,實(shí)際應(yīng)用中,除了要選用專門的驅(qū)動(dòng)器之外,還要配備一個(gè)控制器,來發(fā)送一些脈沖,或者調(diào)節(jié)一些步進(jìn)電機(jī)的運(yùn)行參數(shù)。大多數(shù)驅(qū)動(dòng)器都無法滿足高精度高效控制的需求,這些驅(qū)動(dòng)器沒能更好的開發(fā)出步進(jìn)電機(jī)的細(xì)分等方面的潛能。由上述可知,目前常用驅(qū)動(dòng)器缺乏普適性,電流大小無法滿足不同類型電機(jī)的要求,細(xì)分分辨率不高,斬波頻率不可調(diào),保護(hù)功能不足,智能化程度不高。針對(duì)步進(jìn)電機(jī)存在的上述問題,本課題設(shè)計(jì)了性能較為優(yōu)越的步進(jìn)電機(jī)驅(qū)動(dòng)系統(tǒng)。該驅(qū)動(dòng)器采用了恒流驅(qū)動(dòng)與細(xì)分驅(qū)動(dòng)的原理,結(jié)合單片機(jī)與電力電子應(yīng)用技術(shù),來提高驅(qū)動(dòng)器的性能。該步進(jìn)電機(jī)驅(qū)動(dòng)系統(tǒng),硬件上包括STM32與LV8726專用芯片組成的控制電路、功率放大電路、光耦隔離電路以及USB轉(zhuǎn)串口的通信電路。軟件上使用VB6.0編寫了驅(qū)動(dòng)器的控制應(yīng)用程序,通過上位機(jī)實(shí)時(shí)控制步進(jìn)電機(jī)的運(yùn)行狀態(tài),以提高智能化的程度。對(duì)整個(gè)系統(tǒng)的測試表明,電機(jī)的實(shí)際輸出波形與理論輸出波形接近。優(yōu)化的加速曲線的設(shè)計(jì),使得電機(jī)在高速啟動(dòng)的時(shí)候,不會(huì)出現(xiàn)失步或者堵轉(zhuǎn)的情況。通過上位機(jī)的界面,可以實(shí)時(shí)控制步進(jìn)電機(jī)在各種參數(shù)下運(yùn)行,并實(shí)時(shí)地切換運(yùn)行狀態(tài),運(yùn)行參數(shù)主要包括步進(jìn)電機(jī)的速度,加速度,步距角細(xì)分,繞組電流,正反轉(zhuǎn),啟動(dòng)和停止,電流衰減率,上下橋臂切換的死區(qū)時(shí)間等參數(shù)。驅(qū)動(dòng)器除具備以上功能之外,還具備多種保護(hù)功能,如欠壓保護(hù),過流保護(hù),過溫報(bào)警等功能。該驅(qū)動(dòng)器能夠驅(qū)動(dòng)多種不同類型的步進(jìn)電機(jī),具有更高的輸出電流,電流無極可調(diào),具有更高的細(xì)分分辨率。能夠滿足多場合下,高精度高效的應(yīng)用需求。
[Abstract]:With the development of economy, the application of stepper motor in industrial production and social life is more and more extensive. The increasingly expanding practical application demands not only higher requirements for the structure of stepping motors, but also higher requirements for the drive control of stepping motors. Although there are many advantages in stepping motor, there are also many inconveniences in practical application, which is limited to a great extent by the stepping motor driver. In order to meet the requirements of different current sizes, the stepper motor driver must be used in the application of stepper motor. Moreover, many current controllers are not intelligent enough. In practical applications, in addition to selecting a special driver, a controller should be equipped to send some pulses or adjust the operating parameters of a stepping motor. Most of the actuators can not meet the demand of high precision and high efficiency control. These drives can not better develop the potential of stepping motor subdivision and so on. From the above, it can be known that the common drivers are lack of universality, the current size can not meet the requirements of different types of motors, the resolution of subdivision is not high, the chopper frequency is not adjustable, the protection function is insufficient, and the degree of intelligence is not high. In view of the above problems of stepping motor, this paper designs a stepper motor drive system with superior performance. The driver adopts the principle of constant current drive and subdivision drive, and combines the application technology of single chip microcomputer and power electronics to improve the performance of the driver. The stepper motor drive system is composed of control circuit composed of STM32 and LV8726 chip, power amplifier circuit, optocoupler isolation circuit and communication circuit of USB to serial port. The control application program of driver is programmed with VB6.0 on the software, and the running state of stepping motor is controlled in real time by the upper computer, in order to improve the degree of intelligence. The test of the whole system shows that the actual output waveform of the motor is close to the theoretical output waveform. The optimum design of the acceleration curve makes the motor lose its step or block its rotation when it starts at high speed. Through the interface of the upper computer, the step motor can be controlled in real time under all kinds of parameters, and the running state can be switched in real time. The operation parameters mainly include the speed, acceleration, step angle subdivision, winding current, forward and reverse rotation of the step motor, Starting and stopping, current attenuation rate, dead time of upper and lower arms switching and so on. In addition to the above functions, the driver also has a variety of protection functions, such as under-voltage protection, over-current protection, over-temperature alarm and other functions. The driver can drive many different types of stepping motors with higher output current, more adjustable current, and higher resolution of subdivision. It can meet the need of high precision and high efficiency in many occasions.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：安徽理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TM383.6

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本文編號(hào)：2021918