本文選題：超級(jí)電容 + 狀態(tài)監(jiān)測(cè)　； 參考：《山東大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：超級(jí)電容具有特殊的充放電性能,作為新型儲(chǔ)能器件,擁有十分廣泛的應(yīng)用前景。違背其工作特性的充放電,不僅影響工作性能,而且還會(huì)威脅到運(yùn)行壽命與安全。因此,對(duì)超級(jí)電容進(jìn)行實(shí)時(shí)狀態(tài)監(jiān)測(cè)并對(duì)其充放電進(jìn)行過程控制,是超級(jí)電容應(yīng)用的基本要求和必備條件,為提高超級(jí)電容的運(yùn)行的安全性、經(jīng)濟(jì)性和高效性提供了保障。論文對(duì)超級(jí)電容的充放電特性進(jìn)行了研究,設(shè)計(jì)了一套超級(jí)電容狀態(tài)監(jiān)測(cè)與控制系統(tǒng)。本文首先對(duì)超級(jí)電容的原理和建模進(jìn)行了研究,提出了超級(jí)電容的由簡(jiǎn)單到復(fù)雜的等效模型,進(jìn)而對(duì)超級(jí)電容的充放電特性進(jìn)行了分析,通過仿真實(shí)驗(yàn)和實(shí)際測(cè)量得到了超級(jí)電容的充放電特性曲線。通過以上分析,結(jié)合超級(jí)電容的實(shí)際應(yīng)用問題,設(shè)計(jì)了一套能夠?qū)Τ?jí)電容充放電過程中各種參數(shù)進(jìn)行實(shí)時(shí)監(jiān)測(cè)、并進(jìn)行相應(yīng)控制的系統(tǒng)實(shí)驗(yàn)樣機(jī)。該系統(tǒng)包括下位機(jī)數(shù)據(jù)采集和上位機(jī)監(jiān)測(cè)與控制軟件兩部分。下位機(jī)部分采用單片機(jī)作為主控芯片對(duì)采樣ADC和充放電模塊以及串口通信模塊進(jìn)行控制,上位機(jī)軟件部分采用LabVIEW平臺(tái)編寫。系統(tǒng)運(yùn)行過程中下位機(jī)不斷采集超級(jí)電容模組各運(yùn)行狀態(tài)參數(shù)并上傳至上位機(jī);上位機(jī)監(jiān)測(cè)這些數(shù)據(jù),根據(jù)提出的管理策略結(jié)合操作者輸入的操作命令對(duì)下位機(jī)發(fā)出各模塊的控制指令,并在數(shù)據(jù)超限時(shí)進(jìn)行報(bào)警。在系統(tǒng)樣機(jī)研發(fā)完成后,進(jìn)行了試驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證。首先是超級(jí)電容運(yùn)行數(shù)據(jù)的采集與上傳功能的測(cè)試,其次是上位機(jī)管理策略的調(diào)試與校準(zhǔn),最后進(jìn)行了充放電模塊的測(cè)量準(zhǔn)確度與操作可靠性測(cè)試。測(cè)試結(jié)果表明,系統(tǒng)樣機(jī)實(shí)現(xiàn)的功能達(dá)到了預(yù)期目標(biāo)。
[Abstract]:As a new type of energy storage devices, super capacitors have a wide range of applications due to their special charge-discharge properties. The charge and discharge which violate its working characteristics not only affect the working performance, but also threaten the service life and safety. Therefore, it is the basic requirement and necessary condition to monitor the state of super capacitor in real time and control the process of charging and discharging. It provides a guarantee for improving the security, economy and efficiency of super capacitor. In this paper, the charge-discharge characteristics of ultracapacitors are studied, and a supercapacitor state monitoring and control system is designed. In this paper, the principle and modeling of super capacitor are studied, and the equivalent model of super capacitor from simple to complex is put forward, and the charge-discharge characteristic of super capacitor is analyzed. The charge-discharge characteristic curve of super capacitor is obtained by simulation experiment and actual measurement. Based on the above analysis and the practical application of super capacitor, a set of system prototype is designed, which can monitor and control the parameters in charge and discharge process of super capacitor in real time. The system includes two parts: the data acquisition of the lower computer and the monitoring and control software of the upper computer. In the part of the lower computer, the sampling ADC, charge / discharge module and serial communication module are controlled by MCU as the main control chip, and the software part of the upper computer is written on the LabVIEW platform. During the operation of the system, the lower computer continuously collects the running state parameters of the supercapacitor module and uploads them to the upper computer, and the upper computer monitors these data. According to the proposed management strategy and the operation command input by the operator, the control instructions of each module are issued to the lower computer, and the alarm is given when the data exceed the limit. After the research and development of the system prototype was completed, the test was carried out. First, the function of collecting and uploading the data of supercapacitor operation is tested. Secondly, the adjustment and calibration of the management strategy of the upper computer are carried out. Finally, the measurement accuracy and operational reliability of the charging and discharging module are tested. The test results show that the function achieved by the system prototype has reached the expected goal.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TM53

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