本文選題：脈沖峰值電壓 + 實時檢測��； 參考：《東華大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：脈沖峰值電壓檢測技術(shù)是電子測量以及其他相關(guān)領(lǐng)域經(jīng)常遇到的問題。目前,峰值檢測電路的前級(探測器及前置放大器)和后級(A/D轉(zhuǎn)換器等)發(fā)展極為迅速,而作為中間橋梁的峰值檢測電路發(fā)展較為緩慢,使其成為制約整個系統(tǒng)性能提高的瓶頸。故對脈沖峰值檢測電路的研究具有重要意義。首先,本文從峰值檢測電路原理出發(fā),結(jié)合核心元件參數(shù)的性質(zhì),提出了峰值檢測電路的性能指標(biāo),并推導(dǎo)出峰值檢測電路元器件選型的參考公式,為實際工程選擇或設(shè)計峰值檢測裝置提供了重要的理論參考。其次,依據(jù)模塊化設(shè)計,詳細(xì)分析了峰值檢測電路的設(shè)計過程及原理。提出了元器件的寄生參數(shù)對整個電路的影響,進(jìn)行分析后給出了相應(yīng)控制方法。依據(jù)本文所述理論設(shè)計方法,設(shè)計了兩款實用型峰值檢測電路(正負(fù)峰值檢測電路與窄脈沖峰值檢測電路),運用Saber軟件進(jìn)行了仿真分析,仿真結(jié)果與理論分析一致,表明本文提出的峰值檢測電路設(shè)計方法可以作為峰值檢測電路設(shè)計的重要參考。其中,窄脈沖峰值檢測電路可以較長時間保持窄脈沖信號。它的第一級峰值檢測電路的充電電容較小,可以快速檢測到窄脈沖信號;第二級峰值檢測電路的充電電容較大,可以較長時間保持捕捉到的脈沖峰值。解決了傳統(tǒng)峰值檢測電路設(shè)計時一個充電電容的選擇矛盾問題。該電路可以解決窄脈沖峰值電壓難以準(zhǔn)確捕捉的問題,并為后續(xù)A/D轉(zhuǎn)換提供了充足轉(zhuǎn)換時間。然后,基于跨導(dǎo)型運算放大器與電壓型運算放大器構(gòu)成的峰值檢測電路原理,本文進(jìn)行理論比較分析,完善了由電壓型運算放大器構(gòu)成的窄脈沖峰值檢測電路的過沖問題。通過Saber仿真分析,得出跨導(dǎo)型運放構(gòu)成的峰值檢測電路的優(yōu)良特性,為改進(jìn)峰值檢測電路提供了重要參考。本課題對峰值檢測電路的運算放大器的供電方式進(jìn)行了研究,設(shè)計了一款運算放大器供電電源。它可以提供運算放大器常用供電電壓,且具有輸出電壓穩(wěn)定,噪聲低等優(yōu)點,為運算放大器實驗提供了極大的便利。最后,本文以dsPIC30F4011芯片為控制核心,外接峰值檢測電路、穩(wěn)壓跟隨電路、LCD模塊、SD卡模塊、按鍵檢測模塊等,設(shè)計了一套峰值電壓實時檢測系統(tǒng)。該系統(tǒng)可以同時檢測四路電壓,進(jìn)行實時顯示與存儲,并可以通過按鍵控制來進(jìn)行不同操作,為設(shè)計完善的峰值檢測系統(tǒng)提供相關(guān)參考。
[Abstract]:Pulse peak voltage detection is a common problem in electronic measurement and other related fields.At present, the front stage (detector and preamplifier) and the rear stage A / D converter of peak detection circuit are developing very rapidly, while the peak detection circuit, as an intermediate bridge, is developing slowly.Make it become the bottleneck that restricts the whole system performance improvement.Therefore, it is of great significance to study the pulse peak detection circuit.Firstly, based on the principle of peak detection circuit and the properties of core component parameters, the performance index of peak detection circuit is put forward, and the reference formula of component selection of peak detection circuit is derived.It provides an important theoretical reference for the selection or design of peak detection device in practical engineering.Secondly, according to the modular design, the design process and principle of peak detection circuit are analyzed in detail.The influence of parasitic parameters of components on the whole circuit is presented, and the corresponding control method is given.According to the theoretical design method described in this paper, two practical peak detection circuits (positive and negative peak detection circuit and narrow pulse peak detection circuit) are designed. The simulation results are consistent with the theoretical analysis by using Saber software.It shows that the proposed design method of peak detection circuit can be used as an important reference for the design of peak detection circuit.Among them, the narrow pulse peak detection circuit can keep the narrow pulse signal for a long time.The charge capacitance of the first stage peak detection circuit is small, and the narrow pulse signal can be detected quickly, while the second stage peak detection circuit has a large charge capacitance and can keep the captured pulse peak for a long time.The problem of choosing a charging capacitor in the design of traditional peak detection circuit is solved.The circuit can solve the problem that the peak voltage of narrow pulse is difficult to capture accurately and provide sufficient conversion time for subsequent A / D conversion.Then, based on the principle of the peak detection circuit between the transconductance operational amplifier and the voltage type operational amplifier, this paper makes a theoretical comparison and analysis, and perfects the overshoot problem of the narrow pulse peak detection circuit composed of the voltage type operational amplifier.Through the simulation analysis of Saber, the excellent characteristics of the peak detection circuit constructed by transconductance operational amplifier are obtained, which provides an important reference for improving the peak detection circuit.In this paper, the power supply mode of operational amplifier for peak detection circuit is studied, and a power supply for operational amplifier is designed.It can provide common power supply voltage of operational amplifier, and has the advantages of stable output voltage and low noise, which provides great convenience for operational amplifier experiment.Finally, a real-time detection system for peak voltage is designed with dsPIC30F4011 chip as the control core, external peak detection circuit, voltage following circuit and SD card module, key detection module and so on.The system can simultaneously detect four voltages, display and store them in real time, and can perform different operations by means of keystroke control, which provides a reference for the well designed peak detection system.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東華大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TM933.2

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