現(xiàn)在,世界上80%以上的貨物是由商船運(yùn)輸?shù)��？紤]到整個(gè)海洋還部署了大量的軍艦,可以看出海洋現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)變得相當(dāng)“擁擠”,人類以及自身的行動(dòng)是大量軍事事故發(fā)生的根本原因。（一）荷蘭對(duì)100名海上傷亡人員進(jìn)行的一項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn),100起事故中有96起是人為失誤造成的。（二）根據(jù)英國(guó)保護(hù)與賠償俱樂(lè)部（UK P&I）的數(shù)據(jù),人為失誤每年給航運(yùn)業(yè)造成5.41億美元的損失。（三）84-88%的油輪事故是人為失誤造成的。（四）79%的拖船擱淺是人為失誤造成的。（五）80%以上的海上事故是由人為因素和組織因素引起或影響的。（六）89-96%的船舶碰撞是人為失誤造成的.本研究的目的是介紹人為失誤的概念,以及為控制這一問(wèn)題而實(shí)施的海上安全措施。主要包括以下幾個(gè)關(guān)鍵領(lǐng)域:人為錯(cuò)誤的影響因素,人為錯(cuò)誤的人為因素、事故的相同特征、國(guó)際的相關(guān)法律、安全行駛的管理方法和干預(yù)措施。首先在第一章進(jìn)行背景介紹。第二章陳述人類錯(cuò)誤的定義,區(qū)分了人類因素和人為錯(cuò)誤,通過(guò)強(qiáng)調(diào)每種錯(cuò)誤類型發(fā)生的情況和HFACS評(píng)級(jí)過(guò)程的描述,將人為失誤進(jìn)行分類。第三章中,我們討論了普遍存在的問(wèn)題。ISM準(zhǔn)則處理安全績(jī)效方面的組織控制,然后根據(jù)因... 

【文章來(lái)源】：中國(guó)礦業(yè)大學(xué)江蘇省 211工程院校 教育部直屬院校

【文章頁(yè)數(shù)】：88 頁(yè)

【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士

【文章目錄】：
致謝
摘要
Abstract
詳細(xì)摘要
Extended Abstract
List of Abbreviations
1 Introduction
    1.1 Background
    1.2 Objectives of the Study
    1.3 Methodology
    1.4 Limitations of the Study
    1.5 Plan of the Study
2 Basic Knowledge and Literature Review
    2.1 Overview
    2.2 Maritime Accidents
    2.3 Human Error Definition
    2.4 Theories of Causation
        2.4.1 Domino Theory
        2.4.2 Knowledge-,Rule-,and Skill-Based Behavior
        2.4.3 Swiss Cheese Model
    2.5 Human Factors Analysis Classification System (HFACS) Framework by DoD
        2.5.1 Acts (First Level )
        2.5.2 Preconditions (Second Level)
        2.5.3 Supervision (Third Level)
        2.5.4 Organizational Influences (Forth Level)
    2.6 SHEL Model
    2.7 Summary
3 Analysis Model and Case Studies
    3.1 The International Safety Management Code (ISM Code)
    3.2 ISM Code Integration into the HFACS Model
    3.3 Case 1 Study
        3.3.1 The Accident of Qinfeng 128
        3.3.2 The Official Investigatory Report
        3.3.3 Analyze with HFACS Framework
        3.3.4 Findings by Further Analysis Using HFACS Model
    3.4 Case 2 Study
        3.4.1 The Accident of Estonia
        3.4.2 The Joint Accident Investigation Commission Report
        3.4.3 Analyze with HFACS Framework
        3.4.4 Findings by Further Analysis Using HFACS Model
    3.5 Summary
4 Improving Maritime Safety through Managing Human Error
    4.1 Overall Solutions for Reducing Human Error
    4.2 Focusing Areas on Reducing Human Error
        4.2.1 Improving Education and Training Methodology
        4.2.2 Developing a Communication Culture
        4.2.3 Using Modern Technology
    4.3 Consistent Process of Reducing Human Error
        4.3.1 Tasks and Function Analyzing
        4.3.2 Tasks and Critical Functions Detecting
        4.3.3 Data Collection of Critical Error Situations
        4.3.4 Human Error Causes Analyzing and Constraints on Error Reduction
        4.3.5 Identify Potential Solutions to Errors
        4.3.6 Mock up Potential Solutions
        4.3.7 Selection and Implementation of Solutions
        4.3.8 Evaluation of Solutions
    4.4 Summary
5 Conclusions and Recommendations
    5.1 Summary
    5.2 Recommendations
    5.3 Future Work
References
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