【摘要】：隨著交通需求的增加,目前城市路網經常呈現(xiàn)出高度過飽和的交通狀態(tài),在交叉口處排隊等待通行的車輛不斷累積,當車輛排隊長度逐漸增加至超過路段長度時就會出現(xiàn)排隊溢出現(xiàn)象,排隊溢出的車輛會阻礙交叉口其他方向車輛的運行,嚴重時會導致交叉口“死鎖”,造成交通擁堵。為了解決由此引發(fā)的交通擁堵,提高路網的通行效率,預防交叉口排隊溢出措施的研究顯得尤為重要。針對排隊溢出現(xiàn)象頻繁發(fā)生引發(fā)的嚴重交通擁擠問題,本文對預防交叉口排隊溢出的交通信號控制方法進行了研究。通過交通調查和在對排隊溢出現(xiàn)象及其影響進行簡要描述之后,對排隊溢出進行了分類,并分析出交叉口排隊溢出形成的原因。綜合考慮通過上游交叉口的車輛到達下游交叉口時,下游交叉口的信號燈狀態(tài)及交通流排隊情況,應用停車波和起動波的傳播機理,建立了相鄰信號交叉口之間最大排隊長度計算模型,并利用實際調查數(shù)據(jù)通過計算跟蹤誤差驗證了該模型計算結果的可靠性。在此基礎上,根據(jù)路段容量的定義建立了基于排隊長度的剩余容量預測模型,為后續(xù)優(yōu)化控制模型的研究奠定基礎。隨后提出了基于交叉口出口車道剩余交通容量限制的交通信號控制策略,借鑒公交優(yōu)先的信號控制思想,通過壓縮綠燈時間、延長綠燈時間、跳躍相位等方法,建立了基于出口車道剩余容量限制的交通信號優(yōu)化控制模型,并對該優(yōu)化控制模型的運行過程及結果進行仿真模擬,仿真結果表明,該優(yōu)化控制模型的實施能夠有效地預防交叉口排隊溢出的發(fā)生,提高交叉口的通行效率。最后從工程措施、技術措施、交通管理措施三方面提出了一些預防交叉口排隊溢出的對策。
[Abstract]:With the increase of traffic demand, the urban road network often shows a highly saturated traffic state, the vehicles waiting in line at the intersection continue to accumulate, when the queue length gradually increases to exceed the length of the road section, there will be queue overflow phenomenon. The queue overflow vehicle will hinder the operation of vehicles in other directions of the intersection, and in serious cases, it will lead to "deadlock" at the intersection, resulting in traffic congestion. In order to solve the traffic congestion and improve the traffic efficiency of the road network, it is particularly important to study the measures to prevent the queue overflow at intersections. In order to solve the problem of serious traffic congestion caused by the frequent occurrence of queue overflow, the traffic signal control method to prevent queue overflow at intersections is studied in this paper. Through traffic investigation and a brief description of queuing overflow phenomenon and its influence, the queuing overflow is classified, and the causes of queue overflow at intersections are analyzed. Considering the signal light state and traffic flow queuing of downstream intersections when vehicles arrive at downstream intersections through upstream intersections, a calculation model of maximum queue length between adjacent signalized intersections is established by using the propagation mechanism of parking wave and starting wave, and the reliability of the calculation results of the model is verified by the actual investigation data through the calculation and tracking error. On this basis, according to the definition of road section capacity, a residual capacity prediction model based on queue length is established, which lays a foundation for the subsequent research of optimal control model. Then the traffic signal control strategy based on the residual traffic capacity limitation of intersection exit lane is put forward, and the traffic signal optimization control model based on the residual capacity limit of exit lane is established by reducing the green light time, prolonging the green light time and jumping phase by using the signal control idea of bus priority for reference, and the operation process and results of the optimal control model are simulated. The implementation of the optimal control model can effectively prevent the occurrence of queue overflow at intersections and improve the traffic efficiency of intersections. Finally, some countermeasures to prevent queue overflow at intersections are put forward from three aspects: engineering measures, technical measures and traffic management measures.
【學位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：U491.54

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本文編號：2507072