【摘要】：隨著智能手機的普及和手機功能的豐富,手機正滲透至人們?nèi)粘Ｉ钪械母鱾�領(lǐng)域,手機依賴也因此逐步演變成一種普遍的社會現(xiàn)象。手機引發(fā)的“低頭族”現(xiàn)象已波及到交通出行領(lǐng)域,尤其行人在過街時使用手機帶來的安全隱患和傷亡事故持續(xù)擴大。手機分心會干擾行人的過街速度、視覺感知、聽覺感知和判斷決策,進而影響行人過街的安全性。因此,探究手機分心對行人過街安全的影響機理和行人過街使用手機行為的心理影響因素,將進一步引發(fā)社會各界對“低頭族”現(xiàn)象的關(guān)注,對降低行人過街傷亡事故有一定的指導(dǎo)意義。本文主要針對行人過街使用手機行為進行研究。首先,設(shè)計真實道路交通環(huán)境下的行人手機分心過街任務(wù)實驗,通過攝像機獲取行人過街過程中的過街啟動時間、過街左右觀察交通次數(shù)、平均過街速度和過街失敗等行為特性指標(biāo),利用眼動儀捕捉瞳孔直徑、注視點分布百分比、注視時間分布百分比、注視點平均注視時間和掃視頻率等眼動特性指標(biāo),運用差異性分析探究手機分心和不同手機使用方式對行人過街行為指標(biāo)和眼動特性指標(biāo)的影響,論證了手機分心對行人過街安全的影響;其次,基于改進計劃行為理論設(shè)計行人過街使用手機行為量表,針對405份有效樣本數(shù)據(jù)進行描述性統(tǒng)計、信效度檢驗、相關(guān)性和差異性分析,運用結(jié)構(gòu)方程模型解釋和預(yù)測行人過街使用手機行為,掌握行人過街使用手機行為的心理影響因素。最后,結(jié)合手機分心對行人過街安全的影響和行人過街使用手機行為的心理影響因素,從行人交通安全規(guī)劃、行人交通安全教育和行人交通安全管理三方面提出相關(guān)管控措施,為有效減少行人過街使用手機不安全行為提供新視角。
[Abstract]:With the popularity of smart phones and the enrichment of mobile phone functions, mobile phones are infiltrating into all fields of people's daily life, and mobile phone dependence has gradually evolved into a common social phenomenon. The phenomenon of "Phubber" caused by mobile phones has spread to the field of traffic travel, especially the hidden dangers and casualties caused by pedestrians using mobile phones when crossing the street. Mobile phone distractions can interfere with pedestrian crossing speed, visual perception, auditory perception and judgment decision, and then affect the safety of pedestrians crossing the street. Therefore, exploring the influence mechanism of mobile phone distraction on pedestrian crossing safety and the psychological factors of pedestrian crossing behavior will further arouse the attention of all sectors of society to the phenomenon of "Phubber", and have certain guiding significance for reducing pedestrian casualties. This paper mainly studies the behavior of pedestrians crossing the street using mobile phones. First of all, the experiment of pedestrian mobile phone distraction crossing task in real road traffic environment is designed, the starting time of pedestrian crossing is obtained by camera, the traffic frequency, average crossing speed and crossing failure are observed around the street, and the pupil diameter, the percentage of injection point distribution and the percentage of gaze time are captured by eye movement instrument. Based on the difference analysis of the influence of mobile phone distraction and different mobile phone usage patterns on pedestrian crossing behavior index and eye movement characteristic index, the influence of mobile phone distraction on pedestrian crossing safety was demonstrated by using the difference analysis of eye movement characteristics such as average fixation time and scanning frequency. Secondly, based on the improved planning behavior theory, the pedestrian mobile phone behavior scale was designed. Descriptive statistics, reliability and validity test, correlation and difference analysis were carried out for 405 valid sample data. The structural equation model was used to explain and predict the behavior of pedestrian crossing mobile phone, and the psychological influencing factors of pedestrian crossing mobile phone behavior were mastered. Finally, combined with the influence of mobile phone distraction on pedestrian crossing safety and the psychological factors of pedestrian mobile phone use behavior, this paper puts forward some relevant control measures from three aspects: pedestrian traffic safety planning, pedestrian traffic safety education and pedestrian traffic safety management, so as to provide a new perspective for effectively reducing the unsafe behavior of pedestrian crossing mobile phone.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：合肥工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：U491.226

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