【摘要】：瀝青老化導(dǎo)致路用性能劣化,是影響耐久性的重要因素。本文基于傅里葉紅外光譜試驗(FTIR)、熱分析試驗(DSC、TG)和質(zhì)譜試驗(MS)的現(xiàn)代物相技術(shù),對瀝青結(jié)合料老化前后的試樣進(jìn)行測試,分析瀝青老化過程中微觀結(jié)構(gòu)的變化與宏觀性能指標(biāo)和路用性能的聯(lián)系,揭示瀝青結(jié)合料的熱老化機(jī)理,為提高瀝青抗老化性能提供理論基礎(chǔ)。以西石化70#瀝青為基質(zhì)瀝青,制備四川天然巖瀝青摻量分別為2%、4%、6%和8%的改性瀝青,并試驗得到這五種瀝青結(jié)合料三種狀態(tài)(原樣、短期老化和長期老化)的試樣,對試樣進(jìn)行瀝青三大指標(biāo)試驗、動態(tài)剪切流變試驗(DSR)、動態(tài)頻率掃描試驗、傅里葉紅外光譜試驗、熱分析和質(zhì)譜試驗。參照有機(jī)化合物基團(tuán)振動頻率,對紅外光譜試驗數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行定性和定量分析。分析五種原樣瀝青及每種瀝青老化后的紅外光譜圖,定性地推測天然瀝青改性的機(jī)理和老化過程中發(fā)生變化的分子結(jié)構(gòu);對比分析老化過程中羰基指數(shù)(CI)、亞砜指數(shù)(SI)、甲基指數(shù)(MI)和吸光度(fa)等參數(shù),判斷老化的程度和對應(yīng)官能團(tuán)或組分的轉(zhuǎn)化情況,揭示瀝青的熱老化機(jī)理。對老化前后DSC、TG和MS聯(lián)用試驗數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行處理,綜合圖中吸熱峰的位置、質(zhì)量損失速率和離子流強(qiáng)度等信息,判定瀝青的高溫穩(wěn)定性,并與紅外光譜分析中的結(jié)論相互對應(yīng)。研究認(rèn)為,瀝青的老化符合自由基反應(yīng)歷程,短期老化以“脫氫型”氧化反應(yīng)為主,伴隨輕質(zhì)組分揮發(fā),長期老化主要是“吸氧型”氧化反應(yīng),生成大量的羰基和亞砜基;老化后,軟化點、復(fù)數(shù)剪切模量和抗車轍因子增加,針入度和相位角減小,瀝青的高溫穩(wěn)定性提高,與堿集料間的黏附性增強(qiáng),感溫性降低,低溫抗裂性能下降;殘留針入度比和短期老化前后的熱焓比可作為預(yù)測瀝青長期老化程度的一種手段,熱焓值可以判定老化前后結(jié)合料的膠體結(jié)構(gòu)穩(wěn)定性�，F(xiàn)代物相聯(lián)用技術(shù)對于分析結(jié)合料老化前后的高溫和黏附性結(jié)論一致,對確定改性劑的最佳摻量也有一定幫助,可以應(yīng)用于瀝青結(jié)合料的相關(guān)研究中。
[Abstract]:Asphalt aging leads to deterioration of road performance, which is an important factor affecting durability. In this paper, based on the modern phase technology of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR),) thermal analysis test (DSC,TG) and mass spectrometry test (MS), the samples of asphalt binders before and after aging were tested. The relationship between the change of microstructure and macro performance index and road performance in the process of asphalt aging is analyzed, and the thermal aging mechanism of asphalt binder is revealed, which provides a theoretical basis for improving the anti-aging performance of asphalt. The modified asphalt containing 2%, 4%, 6% and 8% of Sichuan natural rock asphalt was prepared by Xizhihua 70# asphalt as matrix asphalt, and three states of the five kinds of asphalt binders were obtained. In the samples of short-term aging and long-term aging, three indexes of asphalt, dynamic shear flow test (DSR), dynamic frequency scanning test, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy test, thermal analysis and mass spectrometry test were carried out. According to the vibration frequency of organic compounds, the infrared spectrum test data were qualitatively and quantitatively analyzed. The infrared spectra of five kinds of original asphalt and each kind of asphalt after aging were analyzed, and the modification mechanism of natural asphalt and the molecular structure changed during aging were speculated qualitatively. The parameters such as carbonyl index (CI), sulfoxide index (SI), methyl index (MI) and absorbance (fa) during aging were compared and analyzed. The degree of aging and the transformation of corresponding functional groups or components were judged and the thermal aging mechanism of asphalt was revealed. The data of DSC,TG and MS test before and after aging were processed. The position of endothermic peak, mass loss rate and ion current intensity in the diagram were synthesized to determine the high temperature stability of asphalt, which corresponds to the conclusions in infrared spectrum analysis. It is considered that the aging of asphalt accords with the free radical reaction process, and the short-term aging is mainly "hydrogenated" oxidation reaction, accompanied by the volatilization of light components, and the long-term aging is mainly "oxygen-absorbing" oxidation reaction, resulting in a large number of carbonyl and sulfoxide groups. After aging, the softened point, complex shear modulus and rut resistance factor increase, penetration and phase angle decrease, the high temperature stability of asphalt increases, the adhesion between asphalt and alkali aggregate increases, the temperature sensitivity decreases, and the crack resistance at low temperature decreases. The residual penetration ratio and the enthalpy ratio before and after short-term aging can be used as a means to predict the long-term aging degree of asphalt, and the enthalpy value can be used to determine the colloidal structure stability of the binder before and after aging. The modern phase coupling technique is consistent in the analysis of high temperature and adhesion of binders before and after aging, and is also helpful to determine the optimum content of modifier. It can be used in the research of asphalt binders.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：長安大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：U414

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