綜合超前地質(zhì)預(yù)報(bào)在蒙華鐵路隧道中的應(yīng)用研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2019-05-23 15:56
【摘要】：隨著隧道施工量的增加,施工過程中遇到復(fù)雜性地質(zhì)情況,甚至災(zāi)害性地質(zhì)狀況的可能性越來越大,隧道施工的安全性受到了考驗(yàn)。作為隧道施工的一個(gè)重要部分,隧道超前地質(zhì)預(yù)報(bào)的作用愈發(fā)重要,成為隧道工程不可或缺的一部分。本文以蒙華鐵路9標(biāo)中的小南塬隧道和君子隧道為依托,對TGP技術(shù)、地質(zhì)雷達(dá)技術(shù)和紅外探水技術(shù)等方法進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)的介紹,并在超前地質(zhì)預(yù)報(bào)原理與應(yīng)用技術(shù)深入探討的同時(shí),也在小南塬隧道和君子隧道不同的地質(zhì)段,采取了相應(yīng)地超前地質(zhì)預(yù)報(bào)。本文探討研究的主要內(nèi)容和結(jié)論:(1)分別介紹紅外探水技術(shù)、地質(zhì)雷達(dá)技術(shù)和TGP技術(shù)等方法的基本原理和技術(shù)參數(shù),對這幾種方法的適用性、預(yù)報(bào)特點(diǎn)進(jìn)行探討,又從電磁波原理出發(fā)分析地質(zhì)雷達(dá)的波形特征,從彈性波原理出發(fā)分析TGP的技術(shù)特點(diǎn)。(2)針對TGP技術(shù)操作的復(fù)雜性,本文介紹現(xiàn)場TGP儀器安裝和數(shù)據(jù)采集的工作要點(diǎn),為現(xiàn)場TGP正確使用,提供說明和標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。并且給TGP現(xiàn)場布置提供理論依據(jù),使今后TGP現(xiàn)場的布置調(diào)整和方案修改有據(jù)可查。(3)在小南塬隧道和君子隧道的現(xiàn)場地質(zhì)預(yù)報(bào)中,采用多種方法相結(jié)合、根據(jù)不同地質(zhì)情況制定相應(yīng)方案、相鄰里程段的檢測結(jié)果對比分析、用基礎(chǔ)理論解譯檢測結(jié)果、現(xiàn)場及時(shí)驗(yàn)證等手段,總結(jié)了大量經(jīng)驗(yàn)教訓(xùn)。(4)得出不同構(gòu)造體在地質(zhì)雷達(dá)上反映的波形振幅強(qiáng)度的規(guī)律:土石交界(干燥)砂巖中碎裂帶或空洞(無水)砂巖裂隙或土石交界(含水)這一規(guī)律,對于我們利用地質(zhì)雷達(dá)預(yù)判異常構(gòu)造有著重要的作用。(5)TGP的縱波速度與楊氏模量的平方根成正比,與密度的平方根成反比,一般的變化較小,所以Vp主要由E來決定。因此,縱波速度Vp可用來評價(jià)巖體的彈性強(qiáng)度,縱波速度上升表示巖體強(qiáng)度變強(qiáng);縱波速度下降表示巖體強(qiáng)度變?nèi)酢?6)TGP技術(shù)中,橫波只在固體中傳播,當(dāng)出現(xiàn)含水構(gòu)造和空洞或碎裂帶時(shí),反射系數(shù)為零,此后不會(huì)產(chǎn)生反射;在此界面處,橫波反射的幅度會(huì)明顯增強(qiáng)。TGP這個(gè)特點(diǎn),可以用作含水構(gòu)造和空洞或碎裂帶等定性判斷。
[Abstract]:With the increase of the construction quantity of the tunnel, the complex geological condition is encountered in the construction process, and even the possibility of the disastrous geological condition is becoming larger and larger, and the safety of the tunnel construction is tested. As an important part of the tunnel construction, the role of the tunnel advance geological prediction is becoming more and more important, and becomes an integral part of the tunnel engineering. In this paper, the paper introduces the TGP technology, the geological radar technology and the infrared water-exploring technology based on the small-south tunnel and the gentleman's tunnel in the 9-standard of the Monhua Railway, and probes into the advance geological prediction principle and the application technology, The corresponding advanced geological prediction is also taken in the different geological sections of the Xiaonan tunnel and the Scholar's tunnel. The main contents and conclusions of the research are discussed in this paper. (1) The basic principles and technical parameters of the methods such as the infrared water detection technology, the geological radar technology and the TGP technology are introduced, and the applicability and the prediction characteristics of the methods are discussed. Based on the principle of the electromagnetic wave, the waveform characteristics of the geological radar are analyzed, and the technical characteristics of the TGP are analyzed from the principle of the elastic wave. (2) In view of the complexity of TGP technology operation, this paper introduces the main points of the installation and data collection of TGP instruments in the field, and provides the instructions and standards for the correct use of TGP in the field. And provides a theoretical basis for the field arrangement of the TGP, so that the layout adjustment and the scheme modification of the TGP field in the future are well documented. and (3) in the field geological prediction of the small-south tunnel and the Scholar's tunnel, a plurality of methods are combined, the corresponding scheme is developed according to different geological conditions, the detection results of the adjacent mileage sections are compared and analyzed, the detection result is interpreted by the basic theory, and the on-site verification and the like are carried out in time; A large number of lessons have been learned. (4) The law of the wave amplitude intensity reflected by different structures on the geological radar is obtained: the rule of the fracture zone of the rock-rock boundary (dry) sandstone or the fracture of the hollow (water-free) sandstone or the boundary of the earth and rock (water-bearing), It is important for us to prejudge the abnormal structure by using the geological radar. (5) The P-wave velocity of the TGP is proportional to the square root of the Young's modulus, inversely proportional to the square root of the density, and the general variation is small, so Vp is mainly determined by E. Therefore, the longitudinal wave velocity Vp can be used to evaluate the elastic strength of the rock mass, the elevation of the longitudinal wave velocity indicates that the strength of the rock mass becomes strong, and the longitudinal wave velocity is decreased to indicate the strength of the rock mass is weakened. (6) In the TGP technique, the transverse wave propagates only in the solid, and the reflection coefficient is zero when an aqueous structure and a cavity or a fracture zone are present, and then no reflection is generated; at this interface, the amplitude of the transverse wave reflection is obviously increased. TGP is a feature that can be used as a qualitative judgment such as an aqueous structure and a cavity or a fracture zone.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：蘭州交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：U452.11
本文編號：2484028
[Abstract]:With the increase of the construction quantity of the tunnel, the complex geological condition is encountered in the construction process, and even the possibility of the disastrous geological condition is becoming larger and larger, and the safety of the tunnel construction is tested. As an important part of the tunnel construction, the role of the tunnel advance geological prediction is becoming more and more important, and becomes an integral part of the tunnel engineering. In this paper, the paper introduces the TGP technology, the geological radar technology and the infrared water-exploring technology based on the small-south tunnel and the gentleman's tunnel in the 9-standard of the Monhua Railway, and probes into the advance geological prediction principle and the application technology, The corresponding advanced geological prediction is also taken in the different geological sections of the Xiaonan tunnel and the Scholar's tunnel. The main contents and conclusions of the research are discussed in this paper. (1) The basic principles and technical parameters of the methods such as the infrared water detection technology, the geological radar technology and the TGP technology are introduced, and the applicability and the prediction characteristics of the methods are discussed. Based on the principle of the electromagnetic wave, the waveform characteristics of the geological radar are analyzed, and the technical characteristics of the TGP are analyzed from the principle of the elastic wave. (2) In view of the complexity of TGP technology operation, this paper introduces the main points of the installation and data collection of TGP instruments in the field, and provides the instructions and standards for the correct use of TGP in the field. And provides a theoretical basis for the field arrangement of the TGP, so that the layout adjustment and the scheme modification of the TGP field in the future are well documented. and (3) in the field geological prediction of the small-south tunnel and the Scholar's tunnel, a plurality of methods are combined, the corresponding scheme is developed according to different geological conditions, the detection results of the adjacent mileage sections are compared and analyzed, the detection result is interpreted by the basic theory, and the on-site verification and the like are carried out in time; A large number of lessons have been learned. (4) The law of the wave amplitude intensity reflected by different structures on the geological radar is obtained: the rule of the fracture zone of the rock-rock boundary (dry) sandstone or the fracture of the hollow (water-free) sandstone or the boundary of the earth and rock (water-bearing), It is important for us to prejudge the abnormal structure by using the geological radar. (5) The P-wave velocity of the TGP is proportional to the square root of the Young's modulus, inversely proportional to the square root of the density, and the general variation is small, so Vp is mainly determined by E. Therefore, the longitudinal wave velocity Vp can be used to evaluate the elastic strength of the rock mass, the elevation of the longitudinal wave velocity indicates that the strength of the rock mass becomes strong, and the longitudinal wave velocity is decreased to indicate the strength of the rock mass is weakened. (6) In the TGP technique, the transverse wave propagates only in the solid, and the reflection coefficient is zero when an aqueous structure and a cavity or a fracture zone are present, and then no reflection is generated; at this interface, the amplitude of the transverse wave reflection is obviously increased. TGP is a feature that can be used as a qualitative judgment such as an aqueous structure and a cavity or a fracture zone.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：蘭州交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：U452.11
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