【摘要】：橋梁結(jié)構(gòu)中螺栓、間隙、邊界等或者結(jié)構(gòu)本身出現(xiàn)損傷都會(huì)引起非線性行為,非線性現(xiàn)象在橋梁結(jié)構(gòu)中普遍存在。隨著橋梁結(jié)構(gòu)形式向輕柔化發(fā)展,非線性效應(yīng)愈發(fā)明顯。如何準(zhǔn)確模擬分析橋梁結(jié)構(gòu)的非線性行為對(duì)于確保橋梁結(jié)構(gòu)的安全性具有重要意義。本文主要研究基于振動(dòng)響應(yīng)的橋梁結(jié)構(gòu)非線性模型檢驗(yàn)及參數(shù)確定,具體的研究工作包括:(1)研究了單自由度結(jié)構(gòu)非線性模型檢驗(yàn)及參數(shù)確定方法,通過恢復(fù)力曲面和支持向量機(jī)相結(jié)合進(jìn)行單自由度結(jié)構(gòu)非線性類型識(shí)別,進(jìn)一步采用最小二乘估計(jì)法確定結(jié)構(gòu)非線性模型參數(shù)。論文首先利用系統(tǒng)的恢復(fù)力曲面計(jì)算得到非線性指標(biāo),并以獲得的非線性指標(biāo)作為訓(xùn)練數(shù)據(jù)訓(xùn)練支持向量機(jī)分類器,利用支持向量機(jī)的模式識(shí)別功能判斷結(jié)構(gòu)非線性類型;由此,可以獲得結(jié)構(gòu)非線性模型的函數(shù)表達(dá)式,進(jìn)一步利用最小二乘估計(jì)法便可確定非線性模型函數(shù)的參數(shù)。(2)研究了多自由度結(jié)構(gòu)非線性模型檢驗(yàn)及參數(shù)確定方法,通過分析多自由度結(jié)構(gòu)動(dòng)力方程,得到單元恢復(fù)力與相對(duì)位移之間關(guān)系,從而對(duì)多自由度結(jié)構(gòu)的剛度進(jìn)行非線性類型識(shí)別及參數(shù)確定。假定結(jié)構(gòu)阻尼為瑞利阻尼,識(shí)別出結(jié)構(gòu)剛度后,進(jìn)一步可以反算出阻尼系數(shù)。論文首先分析了多自由度剪切結(jié)構(gòu),利用所提的方法,識(shí)別了剪切結(jié)構(gòu)的層間非線性類型并確定了其非線性模型參數(shù)。然后,論文進(jìn)一步分析了多自由度梁式結(jié)構(gòu),考慮了梁式結(jié)構(gòu)的轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)自由度效應(yīng),利用所提方法,有效的識(shí)別了局部單元的非線性類型并確定了非線性模型的參數(shù)。(3)最后以一座連續(xù)剛構(gòu)橋?yàn)楣こ瘫尘?采用OpenSees建立有限元模型,考慮橋墩底部局部非線性行為,計(jì)算了橋梁結(jié)構(gòu)的振動(dòng)響應(yīng),隨后利用提出的方法對(duì)該橋進(jìn)行非線性模型檢驗(yàn)及參數(shù)確定。論文有效地識(shí)別出了非線性單元的位置、局部單元非線性類型,并確定了局部單元非線性模型的參數(shù),驗(yàn)證了方法的有效性。
[Abstract]:The damage of bolt, gap, boundary and so on in bridge structure or the damage of structure itself will cause nonlinear behavior, and nonlinear phenomenon is common in bridge structure. With the development of bridge structure to softness, the nonlinear effect becomes more and more obvious. How to accurately simulate and analyze the nonlinear behavior of bridge structure is of great significance to ensure the safety of bridge structure. In this paper, the nonlinear model test and parameter determination of bridge structure based on vibration response are studied. The specific research work includes: (1) the nonlinear model test and parameter determination method of single-degree-of-freedom structure are studied. The nonlinear type of single-degree-of-freedom structure is identified by combining restoring force surface with support vector machine, and the parameters of structural nonlinear model are determined by least square estimation method. In this paper, the nonlinear index is obtained by using the restoring force surface of the system, and the nonlinear index is used as the training data to train the support vector machine classifier, and the pattern recognition function of support vector machine is used to judge the nonlinear type of the structure. From this, the function expression of the structural nonlinear model can be obtained, and the parameters of the nonlinear model function can be determined by using the least square estimation method. (2) the nonlinear model test and parameter determination method of the multi-degree-of-freedom structure are studied. By analyzing the dynamic equation of multi-degree-of-freedom structure, the relationship between element restoring force and relative displacement is obtained, and the nonlinear type identification and parameter determination of the stiffness of multi-degree-of-freedom structure are carried out. Assuming that the structural damping is Rayleigh damping, the damping coefficient can be calculated inversely after the structural stiffness is identified. In this paper, the multi-degree-of-freedom shear structure is analyzed, and the interlaminar nonlinear types of shear structure are identified and the nonlinear model parameters are determined by using the proposed method. Then, the paper further analyzes the multi-degree-of-freedom beam structure, considers the rotational degree of freedom effect of the beam structure, and uses the proposed method. The nonlinear types of the local element are effectively identified and the parameters of the nonlinear model are determined. (3) finally, taking a continuous rigid frame bridge as the engineering background, the finite element model is established by using OpenSees, and the local nonlinear behavior at the bottom of the pier is considered. The vibration response of the bridge structure is calculated, and then the nonlinear model test and parameter determination of the bridge are carried out by using the proposed method. In this paper, the position of the nonlinear element and the nonlinear type of the local element are identified effectively, and the parameters of the nonlinear model of the local element are determined, which verifies the effectiveness of the method.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：合肥工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：U441.3

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