【摘要】：改革開放以來,中國經(jīng)濟(jì)高速發(fā)展,伴隨鐵路及公路等線狀工程數(shù)量的增長,大型隧道建設(shè)工程也越來越多。但是,施工安全、施工進(jìn)度等都已成為隧道施工建設(shè)工程的關(guān)鍵因素。隧道建設(shè)工程的前期資料,如勘察資料、設(shè)計資料等,往往難與實(shí)際情況完全相符,必然存在一些誤差,受此限制所作的設(shè)計亦不全合理,因此隧道施工所受影響更加明顯。影響隧道施工安全的地質(zhì)因素眾多,如圍巖完整性、圍巖風(fēng)化程度、富水層、節(jié)理裂隙、斷層破碎帶、地應(yīng)力等,都會引起不同程度的崩塌、坍塌、突水、突泥等施工安全事故,從而影響施工進(jìn)度,造成經(jīng)濟(jì)損失,甚至?xí)霈F(xiàn)人員安全事故。因此,在隧道施工階段做好隧道超前地質(zhì)預(yù)報工作顯得尤為重要。本文主要闡述了TST地震散射波法的基本原理、TST現(xiàn)場工作方法、TST數(shù)據(jù)處理流程,結(jié)合牛步逕隧道超前地質(zhì)預(yù)報工程實(shí)例,總結(jié)了TST在牛步逕隧道超前地質(zhì)預(yù)報工作中的準(zhǔn)確度及出現(xiàn)誤判的原因,探討了提高數(shù)據(jù)質(zhì)量的可行性辦法,在前人的研究成果的基礎(chǔ)上,研究取得的主要認(rèn)識如下:(1)綜合分析評價了目前各種隧道超前預(yù)報的方法,并闡述了TST技術(shù)以地震波散射波法為基本理論、憑借散射波有效信息以及數(shù)值分析得到的巖石各屬性參數(shù)值、快速準(zhǔn)確地定位掌子面前方不良地質(zhì)體的位置、大小及產(chǎn)狀的優(yōu)越性。(2)隧道施工過程中的干擾,如聲波、面波、施工用電干擾等都會使得采集的數(shù)據(jù)質(zhì)量降低,采用能量切除、F-K變換等方法對地震波信號進(jìn)行切除。(3)對牛步逕隧道的TST預(yù)報數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行分析總結(jié),TST對隧道圍巖分級準(zhǔn)確度在67%左右,對節(jié)理裂隙、富水層預(yù)報準(zhǔn)確度在70%左右,預(yù)報效果基本滿足了隧道施工要求,可以在隧道超前地質(zhì)預(yù)報中進(jìn)行應(yīng)用。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up, with the rapid development of China's economy, with the increase of the number of linear projects such as railways and highways, there are more and more large-scale tunnel construction projects. However, construction safety and construction progress have become the key factors of tunnel construction. The preliminary data of tunnel construction project, such as survey data, design data and so on, are often difficult to fully conform to the actual situation, and there must be some errors. The design made by this restriction is not completely reasonable, so the influence on tunnel construction is more obvious. There are many geological factors that affect the safety of tunnel construction, such as the integrity of surrounding rock, the degree of weathered surrounding rock, the rich water layer, joint fissures, fault fracture zone, ground stress and so on, which will cause different degrees of collapse, collapse and water inrush. Mud outburst and other construction safety accidents, which affect the construction progress, resulting in economic losses, and even personnel safety accidents. Therefore, it is particularly important to do a good job of tunnel advance geological prediction in the tunnel construction stage. This paper mainly expounds the basic principle of TST seismic scattering wave method, TST field working method, TST data processing flow, and an example of advanced geological prediction of Niubujing tunnel. This paper summarizes the accuracy of TST in the advance geological prediction of Niubujing Tunnel and the causes of misjudgment, and probes into the feasible methods to improve the data quality, on the basis of the previous research results. The main understandings obtained are as follows: (1) the current methods of tunnel advance prediction are comprehensively analyzed and evaluated, and the basic theory of TST technology based on seismic wave scattering wave method is expounded. Based on the effective information of scattering wave and the parameter values of rock attributes obtained by numerical analysis, the position, size and occurrence of bad geological bodies in front of the palm surface can be located quickly and accurately. (2) interference in tunnel construction, such as acoustic wave, Surface wave, construction power interference and so on will reduce the quality of the collected data, and the seismic wave signal will be resected by energy removal, F 鈮，

本文編號：2476262